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When discussing the surrender of Japan, we must also take into account also internal Japanese factors. While atomic bombs and the Soviet attack usually are cited as main reasons for the Japanese surrender, there was also the third issue, namely the fear of domestic rebellion. This was actually a quite major fear among the Japanese elite during the summer 1945 and was one issue which contributed to the decision to end the war.
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This is quite remarkable, because there is no evidence there was any truth in what the Japanese elite feared. It was quite the "Phantom Menace" stemming from their own insecurities, paranoia, or perhaps even shall we say, "guilty feelings".
My take is the fear might be better translated as of 'disorder'. That is riots over food, inability to get the civil population to cooperate with military actions, technicians and managers deserting essential communications or transportation tasks... John Skates 'The Invasion of Japan' examined the behavior of the Japanese civilians on Okinawa & suggests the idea of 50 million women & children attacking with grenades and bamboo spears is not supportable. While the Japanese militia battalions on Okinawa were of some utility, these were men trained and armed akin to regular army standards. The bulk of the Japanese civilians on Okinawa were of negligable effect. Col Yahara the Japanese 10th Army operations officer and senior survivor collaborates this, describing how the militia units of Japanese were of some use vs the Americans, the Okinawan militia near useless, and the civilians useless - in the way as it were.