Travancore wank

I think I'll make my first TL a "Travancore wank" (because that's where I'm from :rolleyes:). Does anyone have any suggestions? I'm considering these two PODs:

1)Eustachius de Lannoy's military reforms are even more effective, resulting in a better performance against Mysore decades later. Perhaps if they manage to push Tipu Sultan out of the region without British help, Travancore could make substantial gains and annex much of Northern Kerala. The Malabar princes had been very vulnerable to being vassalised or brutally overrun by Mysore under Tipu and his father, so some sort of push to reunite the old Chera realm could appeal to many (and the Travancore royal house was descended from the second Chera dynasty).

2) Medieval POD - The "empire" set up by Ravi Varma Kulaśēkhara of Vēṇāṭ (precursor to OTL Travancore) in the aftermath of Malik Kafur's 1310-1311 invasion of South India actually survives, and manages to develop stable institutions. This will probably be harder to do due to the difficulty of finding accurate information, but the earlier date opens up more "wankish" possibilities.
 
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I'd go with the first one. If it's your first timeline, it'll be easier to go with the more recent POD, thus leading to easier research and more familiarity with the political and cultural world of the time.

It'll be nice to see a TL about India; go for it!
 
Personally I think I might like the second better as I'm very fascinated with the medieval period of Indian history, but I'm also interested in the period of option one and it might be easier for you. Though I must admit I'm a tad disappointed it's a Travancore-wank rather than a Chola wank. :p
 
I think I'll make my first TL a "Travancore wank" (because that's where I'm from :rolleyes:). Does anyone have any suggestions? I'm considering these two PODs:

1)Eustachius de Lannoy's military reforms are even more effective, resulting in a better performance against Mysore decades later. Perhaps if they manage to push Tipu Sultan out of the region without British help, Travancore could make substantial gains and annex much of Northern Kerala. The Malabar princes had been very vulnerable to being vassalised or brutally overrun by Mysore under Tipu and his father, so some sort of push to reunite the old Chera realm could appeal to many (and the Travancore royal house was descended from the second Chera dynasty).

2) Medieval POD - The "empire" set up by Ravi Varma Kulaśēkhara of Vēṇāṭ (precursor to OTL Travancore) in the aftermath of Malik Kafur's 1310-1311 invasion of South India actually survives, and manages to develop stable institutions. This will probably be harder to do due to the difficulty of finding accurate information, but the earlier date opens up more "wankish" possibilities.

Yay and huzzah- as a Syrian Christian my ancestors were from Travancore (and my wife's from Cochin) so I shall follow this with interest. The later POD is probably going to be of more use.

Are you suggesting a united Kerala plus a bit more i.e. from, say, Mangalore in the North down to Kanyakumari? I include Kanyakumari since that was historically part of Travancore and given success against Mysore, Mangalore seems to be a logical Northern outpost.

Also are you positing successful resistance against Britain (or whichever other powers dominate), maybe to the level of independence that Siam had? Or just autonomy within a colonial empire?
 
Are you suggesting a united Kerala plus a bit more i.e. from, say, Mangalore in the North down to Kanyakumari? I include Kanyakumari since that was historically part of Travancore and given success against Mysore, Mangalore seems to be a logical Northern outpost.

That's probably what would happen with the first POD, although it could expand more later given the opportunity. The second POD would result in a large (as large as I can get away with, really) empire.

Also are you positing successful resistance against Britain (or whichever other powers dominate), maybe to the level of independence that Siam had? Or just autonomy within a colonial empire?

It'll have Siam-level independence - it wouldn't really be a "wank" if it became just another princely state within the Indian Empire a few years after the POD. And of course, the second POD will hopefully avoid European domination of India altogether.

I've just read an article that gives me an idea of how (badly) Malabar was organised around the time of the Mysorean attacks.:
Dilip M. Menon, "Houses by the Sea: State-Formation Experiments in Malabar, 1760-1800", Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 34, No. 29 (Jul. 17-23, 1999), pp. 1995-2003. Here if you have JSTOR access.
 
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That's probably what would happen with the first POD, although it could expand more later given the opportunity. The second POD would result in a large (as large as I can get away with, really) empire.

I wonder how large that could be. Taking much of the Tamil country is going to be difficult because the Ghats are in the way. Perhaps further expansion up the coast? A Greater Kerala stretching to Goa? :D
 
The first one could have interesting butteflys. Does Mysore see Tipu deposed and replaced as OTL, does Hyderabad remain more independent, perhaps we have a more divided India.
 
I wonder how large that could be. Taking much of the Tamil country is going to be difficult because the Ghats are in the way. Perhaps further expansion up the coast? A Greater Kerala stretching to Goa? :D

Well, Ravi Varma actually did conquer the Tamil country right up to Kanchipuram in the North East - he even had himself crowned "Tribhūvanacakravartin" (Emperor of the three worlds!). The difference here will be that he'll live longer and have enough foresight to consolidate the empire. I think I'll go for this POD after all, as there are a lot more interesting possibilities (for believable empire-building). I'll start sometime in the next few days.
 
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Well, Ravi Varma actually did conquer the Tamil country right up to Kanchipuram in the North East - he even had himself crowned "Tribhūvanacakravartin" (Emperor of the three worlds!). The difference here will be that he'll live longer and have enough foresight to consolidate the empire. I think I'll go for this POD after all, as there are a lot more interesting possibilities (for believable empire-building). I'll start sometime in the next few days.

Interesting. A Keralite kingdom that extends into the Tamil country is going to be very well positioned to channel the resources of the interior through the Pallakad Gap and down to Cochin for trade and export.
 
Here goes nothing

The reign of Ravi Varma Kulaśēkhara, the Sun of Vēṇāṭ, Part the First

Legend tells us that, on the eve of the future emperor’s accession to the throne of Vēṇāṭ in 1299, he heard an aśarīri or disembodied voice from the heavens, which proclaimed that there were three paths his reign could take. He could gamble once (1), and make a name for himself, but let his heirs fade into obscurity for centuries. He could choose not to gamble, and leave a stable but unimpressive realm to his progeny. Or he could gamble thrice, and go down in history as the father of a mighty empire. The naturally ambitious man evidently chose this third option, or so they say, for there was no art at which he excelled more than that of propaganda.

In 1311 when the armies of the Turk of Delhi marched out of the Deccan in triumph, Ravi Varma King of Vēṇāṭ gambled for the first time. The death of his former suzerain, Māravarman Kulaśēkhara Pāṇṭyan had resulted in the princes of the Pāṇṭyas tearing their realm apart through civil strife. In the midst of all this, Malik Kafur, the slave general of the Sultan of Delhi, had mounted a devastating invasion, subjugating the Southern Kingdoms and devastating the Pāṇṭyan capital of Madurai. With the Tamil country reeling from these multiple blows, Ravi Varma mounted an invasion and in a dazzling campaign, quickly subjugated the Pāṇṭyas and Cōlas (the latter had been reduced to a small tributary state by the former decades ago). However, after celebrating his Imperial coronation in great splendour, he realised just how many problems he now had to face.

This had only been the first gamble, and it was obvious why it would not be able to last. Historically, Cēra Kings had gone on occasional rampages in the East and established suzerainty over their neighbours, but this had always proved ephemeral in comparison to the long periods of Cōla and Pāṇṭya hegemony because the West just did not have the demographic advantages required to maintain military dominance and keep the others in line. Ravi Varma was in an even worse position than his forefathers, as he was just the ruler of Vēṇāṭ and not the whole Cēra Kingdom, much of which had been divided amongst the generals and retainers of his ancestor Rāma Varma. The descendants of these men considered themselves independent monarchs, and were only now under Ravi Varma’s suzerainty because of his military feats. Because of this lack of a personal power base, he understood that the Pāṇṭyas would only bow to him for as long as his army was in the field and theirs had not recovered. However, the emperor was far too ambitious a man to accept this reality that was staring him in the face, and decided that, instead of subjugating the Pāṇṭya, he would become the Pāṇṭya. He resolved to make himself lord of all Tamilakam in the same way that he was ruler of Vēṇāṭ.

Thus, Ravi Varma issued a proclamation that denounced the Pāṇṭyas as weak and unfit to rule, for they had fought amongst themselves without protecting their people from the depredations of the Turk. Having stirred up popular sentiment by having this declaration read aloud all over the country, he declared the Pāṇṭya and the largely irrelevant Cōla deposed, with their crowns and personal estates escheating to the Imperial throne. For the first time in history, one man was the Cēra, the Cōla and the Pāṇṭya. However, this bold action was to bring about an unlooked-for consequence, as although the Emperor had had most of the Tamil princes arrested early on, the pretender Sundara Pāṇṭyan had fled to the court of his patron in the North, the Hoysala Vīra Ballala III. This prince attacked Ravi Varma’s actions as illegal and without precedent, attempting to create unrest amongst his former subjects whilst the Hoysala prepared an invasion force. The pretender’s attempts to forment rebellion in 1313 were largely unsuccessful, as the Cēra propaganda machine had managed to alienate many of the people from their erstwhile rulers. A guerrilla band led personally by Sundara Pāṇṭyan did cause some trouble, but the emperor detailed his son Vīra Mārtāṇḍa Varma to hunt him down, with a view to building up the Crown Prince’s image so that he would be a viable successor.

However, the threat of foreign invasion was much more serious, and Ravi Varma immediately took the diplomatic initiative. Allying with Pratāparudra, the Kākātiya King of the Andhras, he mobilised his forces for what looked like a co-ordinated invasion attempt. In fact, this was really a bluff, as actually attempting to fight a war would probably have caused his fragile empire to rupture. This was his second great gamble, and it paid off, as a tense confrontation on the banks of the Palar River resulted in the Hoysala losing his nerve and retreating due to reports of Andhra movements in the North. After negotiating a peace treaty, the Emperor proceeded at the head of his army to his capital of Madurai, whilst the propaganda ministry worked tirelessly to portray Vīra Ballala as a coward and a puppet of the Turk (his own son had been taken as a hostage to Delhi) who was attempting to set up yet another useless puppet in the Tamil country. Having dealt with the immediate threats to his rule, Ravi Varma realised that he would have to prepare for the imminent invasion from Delhi. Using the confiscated wealth of his enemies, he ordered the construction of a network of border forts, stretching along the length of the Palar and also further South to provide defence in depth. Then, with a display of (also confiscated) Pāṇṭyan naval might, he forced the King of Jaffna, who had been a de facto Pāṇṭyan vassal but had obtained independence during the civil war, to recognise him as overlord and contribute troops for the coming campaign. Understanding that this really would not be enough, he consolidated his alliance with the Kākātiya by having his son Vīra Mārtāṇḍa marry one of the former’s daughters (2).

He then resolved to kill two birds with one stone by introducing far-reaching military reforms. These were intended both to provide the army that he would need to resist the invasion and to further entrench his rule by building on the common Tamil identity. The empire was divided into a number of military districts with roughly (a census was to be carried out later for greater precision) equal populations. Each district was to provide a number of units for a standing army, as well as maintain several local militia formations. All physically fit young men were required to spend one year training and two years integrated into a regular army formation (from a different part of the empire) from the ages of 16-19. After that, they would be sent home to join their local militia unit, whose main responsibility would be to deal with provincial disturbances but also supplement the regular army where necessary. The exceptions to this system were the Untouchables and Brahmins, both for political reasons, and potential officer candidates, who were required to pass some tests and prove they were from a good family before shadowing a regular officer for a couple of years. After that, they would be sent to a special “officer Kaḷari” for a year-long intensive course presided over by experienced and loyal Cēra soldiers.

These reforms would hopefully foster loyalty to the Emperor rather than local allegiances, particularly amongst young men of noble and formerly “sovereign” families. They were intended to lay the groundwork for administrative reforms that would take power away from troublesome vassal lords, the most prominent of whom were the proud men of Malabar. Unfortunately, there was never a chance that the new army would be ready in time to face the onslaught of Khusrav Khan in 1314…



(1) This is what he did OTL. He eventually retreated when the Hoysalas mobilised against him.

(2) I have no idea if he actually had any daughters. If not, let’s assume it’s some other important Andhra woman.
 
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