The World of Making Murder Sound Respectable
In this world, the Bolsheviks were critically undermined at a crucial stage, and the Provisional Government of Russia managed to hammer out a constitution and the Russian Republic was born. They ended up ceding Brest-Litovsk to the Kaiserreich, but Germany lost the war in similar circumstances to OTL. In the absence of the Bolshevist threat, anti-communism didn't get quite the push it did in our world. Nevertheless, Mussolini arose for similar reasons to OTL, and as OTL managed to take control of Italy. However, the Nazis never quite made it as they did in our world. They were brought into a conservative coalition, and Hitler was successfully controlled and marginalised. This coalition dominated the 1930s, and a version of the Nuremburg Laws was introduced, which restricted Jews to urban ghettoes.
Nevertheless, Germany remained a democracy, and in the 1940s the conservatives gave way to liberals, who organised proper municipal governments for the Jewish ghettoes, albeit only autonomous from the broader municipal government of the city itself. In Russia, a soft-fascist strongman took power, who began competing with resurgent Germany for dominance in Eastern Europe. In Southern Europe, Italy spread fascism across the Balkans, sponsoring border adjustments in favour of its chosen allies, leading to a stereotype of Southern Europe not dissimilar from OTL Latin America. Its intervention in the Spanish Civil War was less successful. The Spanish Republic ultimately fell to a loose federation, whose parts themselves differ wildly in politics, from anarchist Catalonia, to the more standard socialism of the bulk of the country to the staunch Catholicism of its fringes.
As for Britain and France, they steadily disassembled their colonial empires having the luxury of time. European countries continued to view one another with suspicion, and Britain and France are rather closer to the more tight-knit economic communities which have emerged from their empires, than with each other. Italy tried to keep hold of its colonies as long as possible, whereas the Spanish directly integrated their colonies as members of their loose federation.
Meanwhile, over in America, the Red Scare of the 1930s was averted and Eugene Debs achieved second place in 1932. However, that allowed Herbert Hoover four more years, and while the economy got trundling again it was much slower than it might otherwise have been. The Socialists were blamed for the defeat, and the Reds languished in third place for many years. However, they did become a permanent presence, tugging the centre of American politics to the left.
While the British and French were able to manage the independence of their colonies on their terms in the bulk of cases, in the Middle East they managed to bugger it up. The rise of an 'Islamic Socialist' ideology that also blended elements of fascism that emphasised religious rather than racial exceptionalism, challenged the colonial powers. Quietly supported by the Italians, who hoped to manoeuvre the region into their sphere of influence, it quickly got out of hand. In the 1960s, they managed to wrench themselves away from London and Paris and formed a tight alliance. This came to overthrow the Saudis in the 1970s, and united as the Arab Solidarity. The Italians came to regret their decision, as Libya tore itself away from Italy violently, and so began the long Oil Embargo which saw the Second Coal Boom in Europe.
Proxy fighting between Russia and Germany escalated through the 1960s and 70s, and at the end of the 70s, Russia suffered a military coup, and Colonel Muratov led the country into a new age of peace, that built economic links between them and the traditional enemy. Inside Germany, a right wing government separated the Jewish municipalities off as their own cities to try and prevent German citizens from subsidising Jews. However, successive leftish-liberal governments granted the Jewish cities restored freedoms, and improved infrastructure and living conditions. In the 1980s, the Jewish cities were collected together as a single unit, electing members to a new state, the Judenstaat. The Judenstaat tends lefter than the rest of Germany, not unreasonably. Peace in Eastern Europe saw Jews from the right-wing states there take the opportunity to move to Germany and into the densely populated cities of the Judenstaat. These cities have become the most urbanised and experimental parts of the Reich, havens of free-thinking inside broader cities which can often be more conservative and authoritarian.
With Europe roughly divided into three and a half chunks (Germany+Russia, Fascist Southern Europe, Britain+France, Spain) most of the immigration going into the big economies was from the old colonies. However, with no WWII, there was no 'Windrush Generation', just a steady trickle of immigrants seeking a better life in the mother country. Due to this, there was no sudden terror of being outnumbered by 'pickaninnies', though in the 1970s, there was a split on the right of the National Party which solidified the moderates as a centrist, technocratic party, but helped clean up the BUF's image with Bufton Tufton country stalwarts. By the present, Britain and France are ironically more ethnically mixed, and their populations are higher despite no Baby Boom. The BUF rebranded itself as the Union Party, and appealed to an ideal of European unionism, opposing the threat of the rise of the Dominions (especially the non-white ones) as big economies.
In Asia, a weak Russia, withdrawing colonial powers etc. saw Japan essentially succeed in their goals of dominating a great deal of Asia, though outside Korea and Japan, their relationship with ex-colonies was necessarily more consensual. They never went to war with America, and the US remains in spectacular isolationism, though it is the world's largest economy and continues to strong-arm Latin Americans to get their own way. China tore itself out of Japan's sphere when the militarist regime moderated enough that it was no longer palatable to set off more smallpox bombs. China is now considered a Great Power on the up, along with India. Arab Solidarity has found a friendly market in China for its really cheap oil, and China is less rich than OTL but at the same time was never Communist.