#33.) Franklin Delano Roosevelt - National Union (Federalist)
(1937-1945)
Vice-President:
Alben William Barkley, National Union (Reform) - (1937-1945)
The Secretary of State under Hoover, someone who shared his bipartisan nature and internationalist outlook, Franklin Roosevelt personally asked the Reform Party caucus in Congress to submit him a Reformer as Vice-President to run together under a "National Union" ticket. Old, liberal Alben William Barkley was the man to take the charge after the caucus began warring with itself, fighting on whether or not to submit him anyone. Roosevelt made his appointments across the political field, calling on Federalists, Reformers, nonpartisans, even the odd Isolationist to help out the country regardless of how they felt about him.
The World War did not come easy to America. Many still distrusted the INS as well as the need for the US to arm themselves. Attempts to frame this as a far for Democracy, Freedom, and anti-colonialism struck a nerve with Negro and ethnic Americans, but very little among middle class or laboring whites. Businesses were willing to cooperate for the federal funds, but many were hesitant in participating further. The Canadian border states were generally the most wary during the "Phony War" stage, as the idea of the British Empire staging an attack from Canada and the east was a real concern. Eventually, the Canadian government of W.L.M. King claimed neutrality, much to the ire of it's pro-British and anti-American factions. Mobs broke out, and Parliament Hill was literally burned down as dozens of man died protecting it.
The decision to declare neutrality came in the face of one very good reason, they could not win nor last very long against America, who had many times it's livable landmass, population, and economy. Even if the Canadians fought many times above their weight, it would likely be a Pyrrhic victory in the end. The Governor General agreed, even Britain's leadership agreed, but the decision would cause a great split between that country and the mother country. A great propaganda battle was won, as nearly all of America would be united on the issue of freedom and liberty.
With the issue of Canada mostly removed from the equation, the French government realized it would need to act quickly to pacify the Americans. War fever hadn't broken out yet, and the plan was to snap the back of the Roosevelt government, and thus the driving force behind the INS: leaving France as top dog in Europe and Africa. A surprise attack was made on the city of New Orleans, chosen more for the symbolism then it's purpose in the upcoming war. The French Government hoped it would ignite anti-war fervor and Roosevelt would back down.
They were wrong, Americans, and Southerners in particular, went supernova at this display of cowardice and repulsive behavior. The idea for a draft went unfulfilled as suddenly too many men and women were signing up to help in the war. The Japanese Prime Minister, Makino Nobuaki, sent his condolences to the people of New Olreans, denouncing the "
dogs and other assorted animals" who would do such a thing. The lines became quickly drawn: The American Continent sans Canada, Japan, the Chinese Free Army, India, and Free Africa (as was popularly called), vs. the Pan-European Alliance of France, Britain, Spain, Portugal, Italy, Denmark, Netherlands, and their colonies. The German states, Russia, and European countries not colonizing Africa either played neutral or assisted the European Alliance in some ways.
Much like the Liberation Wars in American decades ago, the actual battles were fought on the seas and in where the liberated areas were. The Japanese, Chinese, and Indians had to deal mostly with Australia and the Asian colonies, while the All-American-Army dealt with Africa and Europe. Starting from Southern and Eastern Africa (which made the easiest fronts to fight due to their proximity to Brazil) and working inward. The A3 had the advantage over Europe in many regards. Materials, no wars in recent memory that tore apart their nations and their populace, no need to worry about fighting both invaders and the local populace, and, as some called it, the "
moral right" in the win the war.
The Europeans, however, had experience and cutting edge weaponry. The early battles on the high seas and in Mozambique and the Congo were terrible losses for the Allie. But the European soon learned just how much damage the Allies could take, at the siege of Chabahar. 17 days went before the Persian city fell, with wave after wave of American vessels attack it. However many people Europe would be able to supply, they would always,
always, be outnumbered. It soon feel on the colonial empires just how little they stood to win. Even if they could retain their empires, then what? Would those who spent the last year fighting them be ready to just accept their rule, or would they return to fighting under a new flag.
At home the wars steadily became less and less popular, to the point of near civil war in some countries. Britain's informal harassment of Ireland meant that she couldn't support the INS, despite being an early member, but also that the British economy was sinking fast due to war fatigue and over extension, with labor strikes needing military involvement to break. France's attempts to retain her formal European empire and extract "help" from her "neighbors" meant they had to watch all of her fronts for fear of infiltration. Spain and Porutgal faced a near constant guerrilla campaign on their Southern borders. Most embarrassingly, Italy's southernmost island of Lampedusa was taken by Ethiopian troops, until then viewed as a nuance, not a real danger to Europe. Something had to be done or Europe would end up as the battlefield itself. A general surrender was agreed on by the Septuple Alliance, and in almost a snap all became calm.
It took nearly 3 years of war on land, sea, and even air, but eventually Africa was cleared of it's colonizers. The battle to end empire had been won.
After that everything quickly became much more complicated. At least in war, you know who you are fighting and what you need to do. Afterwards, the battle to establish democracy, fix border arrangements between countries, settle the now no longer ruling whites either in their home countries or as equal residents in the new African Republics. And, what of Europe itself? Were not many of the people their disenchanted with their ruling elites? Will she stay peaceful for the years to come, or remain in her shell?
The second Roosevelt Term, some argued, didn't need Barkley on the ticket. The need for a "National Union" party was over. But Barkley started on nonetheless. He viewed it his moral obligation to help settle Africa through the INS. "
After all," he said, "
war isn't over when the generals tell us to stop shooting." It was their moral duty to not just go and kill the enemy, but help establish peace where they were fighting.
The US foreign policy changed once again. From the time of Washington to the time of Van Buren it had been to avoid dealing with outside countries. From Clay to Bryan, it had been offer moral and economic support to countries who want to be free. And from Hoover onward it would be direct dealing in establishing freedom, democracy, and a worldwide capitalism. War was the easy part, now came rebuilding
Roosevelt is rated very highly, as are most war leaders who end up winning. The American "moral need" to fight against colonialism and exploitation is something that is challenged nowadays by revisionists as the new world leaders like Roosevelt attempting to overthrow Europeans as the world bosses and see themselves as such. But by most, Roosevelt is a man who fought to bring life into the theories and words brought out by those who spoke of freedom. Domestically he did little new, building on the previous administrations and allowing Barkley near unparalleled power to help decided how to regulate the economy. The early post-war rebuilding of Africa started off good, but was squandered under the next few American administrations as the economy came crashing down and the American taste for internationalism became sour.