This a detailed description of my proposed ideologies for this Timeline- 191 mod. Sometime soon, I hope to edit my past posts of national leaders to be in accordance with these ideologies. The ideological sub-types appear in coding and in political descriptions. I don't see most of these sub-types having leaders, I just decided to add them for flavor and to describe them for the purposes of lore and immersion. Credit goes to Worfann101 and his post in this thread linked below, which served as the inspiration for parts of this post. Lastly, feel free to use these ideologies for this mod.
Anyways, enjoy!
Ideologies
Far-Leftist Ideologies
Marxist-Leninist Communism: A hard-line subset of Communism, an authoritarian far-left ideology which seeks to establish a classless and socially equal communist society as was described by Karl Marx in
The Communist Manifesto, doing so through authoritarian means and suppression of "counter-revolutionaries" and "enemies of the people", and combined with the theories of Vladimir Lenin, the ill-fated leader of Soviet Russia, theories which, among other things, advocate for the establishment of a vanguard party to guide the proletarian revolution and to guide the people of a nation. The only nation in history to be under this ideology was the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, which was defeated by the Russian Empire during the Russian Civil War. However, many Red Russian Exiles, living in mostly in Germany, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Switzerland, Italy, Spain, the United States and Latin America, have stayed true to the ideals of Lenin and continue to advocate for and expand upon his original ideas. One of the offshoots of Marxist-Leninism is Equalism or Equalist Communism as theorized by Russian exiles Lazar Kaganovich and Nikolai Yezhov, both living in Switzerland, which states that any reactionary states are inherently corrupt and must be destroyed and purged into the ground by any means necessary. One other offshoot is National Bolshevism, developed in Germany by both German and exiled-Russian communists, which is a combination of both radical nationalism and Marxist-Leninist Bolshevism.
Sub-types:
- Leninism
- Equalism
- National Bolshevism
Marxist Communism: An orthodox subset of Communism, an authoritarian far-left ideology which seeks to establish a classless and socially equal communist society as was described by Karl Marx in
The Communist Manifesto, doing so through authoritarian means and suppression of "counter-revolutionaries" and "enemies of the people", and Marxist Communism seeks to stay as true as possible to the original writings of Karl Marx. There are numerous different variations of Marxist Communism, but almost all are against the concept of a Vanguard Party as described by Vladimir Lenin, in spite of all still being authoritarian ideologies. The only nation in history to be under this ideology was the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, as led by Lev Kamenv after the assassination of Lenin in 1918, which was then defeated by the Russian Empire during the Russian Civil War. However, many Red Russian Exiles, living in mostly in Germany, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Switzerland, Italy, Spain, the United States and Latin America, have stayed true to the ideals of Communism, Marxism and Bolshevism. One of the most prominent old Bolsheviks and orthodox Marxists is Kliment Voroshilov, who lives in exile in Sweden. Another is Nikolai Bukharin, living in Switzerland, who advocates for workplace democracy and limited bureaucracy, among others, within an orthodox Marxist structure. Another kinds of Marxist Communism include the anti-Bolshevist Left Communism, the most prominent theorist being the Italian Marxist Amadeo Bordiga, Council Communism, the most prominent theorist being the Dutch Marxist Antonie Pannekoek, and Anarcho-Communism, which was practiced by the CNT-FIA in Catalonia during the Spanish Civil War between the Kingdom of Spain and the Spanish Nationalists.
Sub-types:
- Marxism
- Bukharinism
- Left Communism
- Council Communism
- Anarcho-Communism
Syndicalism: A Marxist and far-left ideology which is a radical variation of the labor movements within numerous nations, mostly in Europe and the Americas, and which seeks to establish a socialist society advanced through workers strikes and workers actions and centered around local organizations principally led by the workers of a nation, which includes the establishment of regional worker’s councils and trade unions and the establishment of workplace democracy within the workplace. The ideology is popular among numerous radical labor activists and trade unions in numerous nations, such as the General Confederation of Labor in France, the National Confederation of Labor in Spain, the Italian Syndicalist Union, the Free Workers' Union of Germany, the Argentine Regional Workers' Federation and factions within the Industrial Workers of the World in the United States. As a result of the failure of the Communist Revolution in Russia, some leftists in Europe, the Americas, Australasia and even Asia have turned away from Bolshevism and have since turned towards syndicalism as a new ideological and political means of achieving a socialist society. In spite of this, the movement has failed to gain a large amount of political traction in most nations.
Sub-types:
- Syndicalism
- Anarcho-Syndicalism
Socialism: A large group of far-left ideologies which all advocate for social ownership of the means of production, the self-management of workers within a nation and the disbanding of the capitalist economic system of a nation and the reestablishing of said economy into a socialist economy. Much like with Communism, a much more radical form of Socialism, there are many different variations of Socialism, some of which are more authoritarian, some others of which are more democratic, at least on paper.
Sub-types:
- Revolutionary Socialism
- Democratic Socialism
Democratic Ideologies
Social Democracy: A democratic and left-wing ideology that supports numerous different kinds of economic and social interventions on the behalf of the government of nation in an effort to promote social justice and the social well-being of the people and citizenry within a capitalist mixed economy in a democratic nation. Unlike other socialists, social democrats do not seek to redistribute all wealth within a nation, to remove the social ownership of the means of production from private owners and into the ownership of a government or to abolish the capitalist economic system of a nation, but merely to redistribute some wealth through taxation and other programs, to nationalize some important industries and to have the capitalist economic system of a nation remain intact and to work the best that it can for the poorest and most socially disadvantaged within the society of the nation. Some prominent examples of Social Democrats include the Socialist Party in the United States of America, whose front-runner in the next national convention is former New York governor Al Smith, the Labour Party in the United Kingdom led by Clement Attlee, the SDP in Germany led by Chancellor Otto Wels, the Action Party in Italy led by Prime Minister Ferruccio Parri, the SAP in Sweden led by Prime Minister Per Albin Hansson, among others.
Sub-types:
Social Liberalism: A democratic and left-wing ideology that is a variable of liberalism, a democratic ideology that is focused on liberty, equality before the law, individual rights, freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of religion, among other things. Social Liberalism itself advocates for a regulated free market economy and the expansion of civil and political rights and freedoms for the people and citizenry of a nation. As a result, social liberalism is an ideology that stays the course between socialist reforms and traditional conservative and capitalist doctrines. One prominent example of Social Liberals includes the Liberal and Progressive Wings of the Democratic Party in the United States of America, which first came to power with the presidency of Theodore Roosevelt.
Sub-types:
Market Liberalism: A democratic ideology that is a variable of liberalism which combines the values of a laissez-faire and free market economy with little intervention with the liberal values of personal liberty and human rights. The political parties that fall under the banner of Market Liberalism can be either the center-left or center-right of the political spectrum. Some factions of Market Liberalism exist within the Democratic and Republican parties of the United States of America, although they are much more prominent in the former party.
Sub-types:
Centrism: A catchall democratic ideology that encompasses a wide variety of numerous political parties and ideologies that combine different and non-contradictory elements of the left wing and right wing of the political spectrum, as well as political parties and ideologies that may be slightly more left-wing or right-wing, but that are still very close to the political center of the political spectrum.
Sub-types:
Social Conservatism: A democratic ideology that is focused on emphasizing loyalty to the nation and the power of traditional authority and traditional values within a society, as well as the preservation and upholding of said authorities and values. These authorities include the institutions such as the government, the military, law enforcement, organized religion and sometimes a monarchy and royal dynasty, while these values include the the family, religiosity, traditional morality, among others. One prominent example of Social Conservatives includes the conservative wing of the Democratic Party in the United States of America, which was most prominent and ruled over the political scene of the United States of America during the Remembrance Era from 1882 to 1914.
Sub-types:
Authoritarian Democracy: A catchall term for a democratic government under a authoritarian, strongman leader, taking into account whether said leader came to power through a coup or through an election, or an authoritarian leader and legislature, where democratic elections still exist, if sometimes only on paper, and where the democratic structure of government has not been completely destroyed. This can also refer to a colony and colonial regime of an empire, depending on how authoritarian the regime it towards the native population. Examples of authoritarian democratic regimes include a number of both civilian and military regimes in Latin America. One prominent example of an authoritarian democracy is the coalition government of the Conservative Party of Sir Winston Churchill and the British National Party of Sir Oswald Mosely in the United Kingdom.
Sub-types:
- Authoritarian Democracy
- Colonial Administration
Far-Rightist Ideologies
Paternalism: A farther ring-wing ideology which advocates for democracy, but which advocates only for democracy for the right sort of people. This ideology is a catchall ideological grouping for nations with a heavily stratified society, a disenfranchised underclass and a relatively liberal approach for the upper classes. This is the dominant ideology in the Confederate States of America. Paternalism is also the ideology of the National Party in South Africa, certain reactionary parties in Europe and certain parties in Latin America that favor the white-European criollo population over the mixed-race mestizo and/or indigenous populations of the nation.
Sub-types:
Despotism: A catchall ideological categorization of certain far-rightist regimes, dictators, military dictators, strongmen and other neutral and not particularly ideological despots and/or dictators, although most of these despots and/or dictators could be described as either authoritarian centrists on the further right of the political spectrum. This can also refer to a colony and colonial regime of an empire, depending on how authoritarian the regime it towards the native population.
Sub-types:
- Despotism
- Military Junta
- Authoritarian
- Colonial Administration
Paternal Autocracy: A catchall ideological categorization of different ideologies in which the established and entrenched leader and/or ruling class and/or ruling party of a nation is considered to be the supreme authority over said nation and the people of said nation. This includes a number of different far-rightist nationalist movements in Europe, certain authoritarian dictatorships, certain military juntas, absolute monarchies in the Middle East, Africa and Asia, among other such regimes.
Sub-types:
- Paternal Autocracy
- Military Junta
- Absolute Monarchy
- Oligarchism
- Theocracy
Actionism: An authoritarian far-right ideology, named after the Action Française Party of France, the first of its kind to achieve political power in Europe, which is an ultra-nationalist, hyper-revanchist and militaristic ideology that is marked by a dictatorial and all-encompassing state power, an emphasis on service to the state and loyalty to the nation and/or the race and people of said nation (as defined by the government), partial or total state control of the economy and active opposition and suppression of political and oftentimes racial or religious enemies of the nation. According to many Actionist movements, by "purifying" the nation, it is believed that the nation can be made strong and able to challenge any threat to its existence and power and thus prevail over said threats. Prominent examples of Actionist movements include the Freedom Party of Jake Featherston in the Confederate States of America, Action Française of King Charles XI and Charles Maurras in the Kingdom of France, the British National Party of Sir Oswald Moseley in the United Kingdom, the Motherland Party of Tsar Michael II and Prime Minister Alexander Kolchak in the Russian Empire, the Falange Española of José Antonio Primo de Rivera in Spain and the ill-fated Partito Nazionale Fascista of Benito Mussolini in Italy. It should be noted that there are numerous different ideological varieties of Actionism. Some such as Freedomism are focused heavily as the concept of race and nationhood as one and the corporatisation of the state, economy and society, some such as the AF, MP and Falange parties are Clerico-Actionist, have the church and state inter-twinned and are hyper-traditionalist, some such as the Falange are both Clerico-Actionist, hyper-traditionalist and are focused on the the corporatisation of the state, economy and society, while others such as the BNP and PNF are focused less on race and religion and more on nationhood and imperialism and the corporatisation of the state, economy and society.
Sub-types:
- Actionism
- Freedomism (for the CSA)
- Clerico-Actionism
- Falangism (for Spain and Latin America)
- Fascism (for Italy)
- Rexism (for Belgium)
- Integralism (for Portugal and Brazil)