TL-191 Election Maps Collab.

Turquoise Blue · May 20, 2013

Alright. I want you to help me with tweaking the US and CS election maps I made, and possibly suggest maps for the earlier CS ones. Here's the US ones...

1864

Horatio Seymour (D-NY)/George Pendleton (D-OH) 179 EV
Abraham Lincoln (R-IL)/Hannibal Hamlin (R-ME) 41 EV

1868

Thomas A. Hendricks (D-IN)/Joel Parker (D-NJ) 143 EV
Benjamin Gratz Brown (R-MO)/Frederick Freylinghuysen (R-NJ) 83 EV

1872

George W. Woodward (D-PA)/Samuel S. Cox (D-OH) 133 EV
Thomas A. Scott (R-PA)/Benjamin Butler (R-MA) 126 EV

1876

Samuel J. Tilden (D-NY)/Henry B. Payne (D-OH) 177 EV
Roscoe Conkling (R-NY)/James F. Wilson (R-IA) 85 EV

1880

James G. Blaine (R-ME)/J. Donald Cameron (R-PA): 172 EV
Samuel J. Tilden (D-NY)/Henry B. Payne (D-OH): 90 EV

1884

Winfield S. Hancock (D-PA)/Grover Cleveland (D-NY): 257 EV
James G. Blaine (R-ME)/J. Donald Cameron (R-PA): 24 EV
Arthur F. Johnson (S-NY)/Davis Hanson Waite (S-CO): 0 EV

1888

Thomas Brackett Reed (D-ME)/Alfred Thayer Mahan (D-NY): 247 EV
James A. Garfield (R-OH)/Joseph Medill (R-IL): 31 EV
James B. Weaver (S-IA)/Marion Cannon (S-CA): 3 EV

1892

Thomas Brackett Reed (D-ME)/Alfred Thayer Mahan (D-NY): 261 EV
John Sherman (R-OH)/Justin Morrill (R-VT): 39 EV
Edward Bellamy (S-MA)/Sylvester Pennoyer (S-OR): 15 EV

1896

Alfred Thayer Mahan (D-NY)/William E. Russell (D-MA): 243 EV
James H. Kyle (S-DA)/Terence Powderly (S-PA): 57 EV
Benjamin Harrison (R-IN)/Whitelaw Reid (R-NY): 15 EV

1900

Alfred Thayer Mahan (D-NY)/William E. Russell (D-MA): 196 EV
James H. Kyle (S-DA)/Jacob S. Coxey (S-OH): 119 EV
John Hay (R-IN)/William Paine Lord (R-OR): 0 EV

1904

Nelson Aldrich (D-RI)/Frank S. Black (D-NY): 221 EV
Robert M. La Follette, Sr. (S-WI)/Tom L. Johnson (S-OH): 115 EV
William McKinley (R-OH)/William Jennings Bryan (R-NE): 0 EV

1908

Nelson Aldrich (D-RI)/Frank S. Black (D-NY): 179 EV
Tom L. Johnson (S-OH)/Emil Seidel (S-WI): 160 EV
Philander C. Knox (R-PA)/Charles W. Fairbanks (R-IN): 0 EV

1912

Theodore Roosevelt (D-NY)/Walter McKenna (D-PA): 295 EV
Eugene V. Debs (S-IN)/Benjamin Hanford (S-NY): 85 EV
Gilbert Hitchcock (R-NE)/Joseph B. Foraker (R-OH): 0 EV

1916

Theodore Roosevelt (D-NY)/Walter McKenna (D-PA): 208 EV
Eugene V. Debs (S-IN)/Joseph Guffey (S-PA): 172 EV
James E. Watson (R-IN)/Jack Hounsome (R-NE): 0 EV

1920

Upton Sinclair (S-NJ)/Hosea Blackford (S-DA) 228 EV
Theodore Roosevelt (D-NY)/William White (D-KS) 164 EV
Robert McCormick (R-IL)/Warren G. Harding (R-OH) 0 EV

1924

Upton Sinclair (S-NJ)/Hosea Blackford (S-DA): 268 EV
James M. Cox (D-OH)/John W. Davis (D-WV): 127 EV
Frank Lowden (R-IL)/Kennan O'Donnell (R-KS): 0 EV

1928

Hosea Blackford (S-DA)/Hiram Johnson (S-CA): 244 EV
Calvin Coolidge (D-MA)/Amos Pinchot (D-NY): 151 EV
James E. Watson (R-IN)/Charles Curtis (R-KS): 0 EV

1932

Calvin Coolidge (D-MA)/Herbert Hoover (D-IA): 352 EV
Hosea Blackford (S-DA)/Hiram Johnson (S-CA): 45 EV
Hanford MacNider (R-IA)/James W. Wadsworth (R-NY): 0 E

1936

Al Smith (S-NY)/Charles W. La Follette (S-WI): 312 EV
Herbert Hoover (D-IA)/William Borah (D-ID): 76 EV
Alf Landon (R-KS)/Arthur Vandenberg (R-MI): 9 EV

1940

Al Smith (S-NY)/Charles W. La Follette (S-WI): 205 EV
Robert A. Taft (D-OH)/H. Styles Bridges (D-NH): 182 EV
Wendell Willkie (R-IN)/Charles L. McNary (R-OR): 14 EV

1944

Thomas Dewey (D-NY)/Harry S. Truman (D-MO): 253 EV
Charles W. La Follette (S-WI)/Jim Curley (S-MA): 83 EV
Harold Stassen (R-MN)/Edward Anderson (R-NE): 44 EV

Turquoise Blue · May 20, 2013

And here's the CS ones... I'm not sure about where the Rad Libs' main strongholds and the swing states will be. I'm open to suggestions.

By the way, suggestions for all the empty veep slots in this and the US ones would be appreciated.

1867

P. G. T. Beauregard (W-LA)/James Seddon (W-VA): 66 EV
Robert M. T. Hunter (I-VA)/Richard Taylor (I-LA): 39 EV
Robert E. Lee (I-VA)/Louis Wigfall (I-TX): 18 EV

1873

Fitzhugh Lee (W-VA)/[various] (W-N/A): 45 EV
Braxton Bragg (I-LA)/John Goode (I-VA): 34 EV
James Chesnut (I-SC)/Henry Foote (I-MS): 23 EV
Joseph Brown (I-GA)/Thomas Nelson (I-TN): 13 EV
Zebulon Vance (I-NC)/Herschel Johnson (I-GA): 12 EV

1879

James Longstreet (W-GA)/Lucius Q. C. Lamar (W-MS): 73 EV
Joseph Brown (I-GA)/Isham Harris (I-TN): 54 EV
John H. Morgan (I-KY)/John Barbour (I-VA): 0 EV

1909

Woodrow Wilson (W-VA)/Gabriel Semmes (W-AL): 126 EV
Thomas E. Watson (RL-GA)/John Sharp Williams (RL-MS): 76 EV

1915

Gabriel Semmes (W-AL)/Wade Hampton V (W-): 194 EV
Doroteo Arango (RL-CH)/Oscar Underwood (RL-AL): 25 EV

1921

Wade Hampton V (W-SC)/Burton Mitchel III (W-AR): 101 EV
Jake Featherston (F-VA)/Ferdinand Koenig (F-?): 48 EV
Ainsworth Layne (RL-VA)/Plutarco Elías Calles (RL-SO): 36 EV

1927

Burton Mitchel III (W-AR)/Samuel Longstreet (W-VA): 124 EV
Jake Featherston (F-VA)/Ferdinand Koenig (F-?): 59 EV
Joseph Robinson (RL-AR)/Cordell Hull (RL-TN): 20 EV

1933

Jake Featherston (F-VA)/Willy Knight (F-TX): 153 EV
Cordell Hull (RL-TN)/Huey Long (RL-LA): 44 EV
Samuel Longstreet (W-VA)/Hugo Black (W-AL): 24 EV

1939

Jake Featherston (F-VA)/Don Patridge (F-TN): 221 EV
Abelardo Rodríguez (RL-SO)/Colgate Darden (RL-VA): 0 EV
Harvey Parnell (W-AR)/Eugene Talmadge (W-GA): 0 EV

Trotsky · May 20, 2013

Cactus Jack would've been too smart to run against Featherston in 1939. The opposition parties ran nameless, faceless nobodies that year.

And North by God Carolina voted Whig until 1933.

Turquoise Blue · May 20, 2013

Trotsky said:
Cactus Jack would've been too smart to run against Featherston in 1939. The opposition parties ran nameless, faceless nobodies that year.

And North by God Carolina voted Whig until 1933.

True. Should I just make someone up?

And I'll replace it with Tennessee, it was either that or NC.

Zoidberg12 · May 20, 2013

These are some excellent maps Turquoise Blue.

Here are my suggestions. I remember you're list of US and CS Presidential and Vice Presidential Candidates.....

Turquoise Blue said:
USA

1864: Horatio Seymour (D-NY)/George Pendleton (D-OH) def. Abraham Lincoln (R-IL)/Hannibal Hamlin (R-ME)
1868: Thomas A. Hendricks (D-IN)/Joel Parker (D-NJ) def. Benjamin Gratz Brown (R-MO)/Frederick Frelinghuysen (R-NJ)
1872: George W. Woodward (D-PA)/Samuel S. Cox (D-OH) def. Thomas A. Scott (R-PA)/Benjamin F. Butler (R-MA)
1875: Samuel S. Cox (D-OH)/VACANT
1876: Samuel J. Tilden (D-NY)/Henry B. Payne (D-OH) def. Roscoe Conkling (R-NY)/James F. Wilson (R-IA)
1880: James G. Blaine (R-ME)/J. Donald Cameron (R-PA) def. Samuel J. Tilden (D-NY)/Henry B. Payne (D-OH)
1884: Winfield S. Hancock (D-PA)/S. Grover Cleveland (D-NY) def. James G. Blaine (R-ME)/J. Donald Cameron (R-PA) & Abraham Lincoln (S-IL)/Davis Hanson Waite (S-CO)
1886: S. Grover Cleveland (D-NY)/VACANT
1888: Thomas Brackett Reed (D-ME)/Alfred Thayer Mahan (D-NY) def. James A. Garfield (R-OH)/Joseph Medill (R-IL) & James B. Weaver (S-IA)/Marion Cannon (S-CA)
1892: Thomas Brackett Reed (D-ME)/Alfred Thayer Mahan (D-NY) def. John Sherman (R-OH)/Justin Morrill (R-VT) & Edward Bellamy (S-MA)/Sylvester Pennoyer (S-OR)
1896: Alfred Thayer Mahan (D-NY)/William E. Russell (D-MA) def. James H. Kyle (S-DA)/Terence Powderly (S-PA) & Benjamin Harrison (R-IN)/Whitelaw Reid (R-NY)
1900: Alfred Thayer Mahan (D-NY)/William E. Russell (D-MA) def. James H. Kyle (S-DA)/Jacob S. Coxey (S-OH) & John Hay (R-IN)/William Paine Lord (R-OR)
1902: Alfred Thayer Mahan (D-NY)/VACANT
1904: Nelson Aldrich (D-RI)/Frank S. Black (D-NY) def. Robert M. La Follette, Sr. (S-WI)/Benjamin Hanford (S-NY) & William McKinley (R-OH)/William J. Bryan (R-NE)
1908: Nelson Aldrich (D-RI)/Frank S. Black (D-NY) def. Tom L. Johnson (S-OH)/Emil Seidel (S-WI) & Philander C. Knox (R-PA)/Alexander Richards (R-KS)
1912: Theodore Roosevelt (D-NY)/Walter McKenna (D-PA) def. Eugene V. Debs (S-IN)/Henrik Shipstead (S-MN) & Gilbert Hitchcock (R-NE)/James J. Couzens (R-MN)
1916: Theodore Roosevelt (D-NY)/Walter McKenna (D-PA) def. Eugene V. Debs (S-IN)/Joseph Guffey (S-PA) & James E. Watson (R-IN)/Jack Hounsome (R-NE)
1920: Upton Sinclair (S-NJ)/Hosea Blackford (S-DA) def. Theodore Roosevelt (D-NY)/William Allen White (D-KS) & Robert McCormick (R-IL)/Jack Hounsome (R-NE)
1924: Upton Sinclair (S-NJ)/Hosea Blackford (S-DA) def. James M. Cox (D-OH)/John W. Davis (D-WV) & Frank Orren Lowden (R-IL)/Kennan O'Donnell (R-KS)
1928: Hosea Blackford (S-DA)/Hiram Johnson (S-CA) def. Calvin Coolidge (D-MA)/Amos Pinchot (D-NY) & James E. Watson (R-IN)/James Marsden (R-CO)
1932: Calvin Coolidge (D-MA)/Herbert Hoover (D-IA) def. Hosea Blackford (S-DA)/Hiram Johnson (S-CA) & Hanford MacNider (R-IA)/Dennis Wilkinson (R-MO)
1933: Herbert Hoover (D-IA)/VACANT
1936: Al Smith (S-NY)/Charles W. La Follette (S-WI) def. Herbert Hoover (D-IA)/William E. Borah (D-ID) & Alf Landon (R-KS)/Arthur Vandenberg (R-MI)
1940: Al Smith (S-NY)/Charles W. La Follette (S-WI) def. Robert A. Taft (D-OH)/H. Styles Bridges (D-NH) & Wendell Willkie (R-IN)/Charles L. McNary (R-OR)
1942: Charles W. La Follette (S-WI)/VACANT
1944: Thomas Dewey (D-NY)/Harry S. Truman (D-MO) def. Charles W. La Follette (S-WI)/Jim Curley (S-MA) & Harold Stassen (R-MN)/Edward Anderson (R-NE)

CSA
1861: Jefferson Davis (W-MS)/Alexander Stephens (W-GA)
1867: P. G. T. Beauregard (W-LA)/James Seddon (W-VA) def. Robert M. T. Hunter (?-VA)/Richard Taylor (?-LA) & Robert E. Lee (?-VA)/[various]
1873: Fitzhugh Lee (W-VA)/[various] def. Braxton Bragg (?-LA)/John Goode (?-VA), James Chesnut (?-SC)/Henry Foote (?-MS), Zebulon Vance (?-NC)/Herschel V. Johnson (?-GA) & Joseph E. Brown (?-GA)/Thomas A. R. Nelson (?-TN)
1874: Fitzhugh Lee (W-VA)/Henry S. Foote (?-MS)
1879: James Longstreet (W-GA)/Lucius Q. C. Lamar (W-MS) def. Joseph E. Brown (?-GA)/Isham Harris (?-TN) & John H. Morgan (?-KY)/John S. Barbour, Jr. (?-VA)
1885: Joseph C. S. Blackburn (W-KY)/Benjamin R. Tillman (W-SC) def. Rufus W. Cobb (?-AL)/John B. Gordon (?-GA)
1891: States Rights Gist (W-SC)/Stephen Mallory II (W-FL) def. Daniel Lindsay Russell (RL-NC)/Unknown (RL-?)
1897: Robert Love Taylor (W-TN)/Thomas G. Jones (W-AL) def. Daniel Lindsay Russell (RL-NC)/Unknown (RL-?)
1903: Champ Clark (W-KY)/Joseph W. Byrns, Sr. (W-TN) def. Thomas E. Watson (RL-GA)/Unknown (RL-?)
1909: Woodrow Wilson (W-VA)/Gabriel Semmes (W-AL) def. Thomas E. Watson (RL-GA)/Unknown (RL-?)
1915: Gabriel Semmes (W-AL)/Unknown (W-?) def. Doroteo Arango (RL-CH)/Unknown (RL-?)
1921: Wade Hampton V (W-SC)/Burton Mitchel III (W-AR) def. Jake Featherston (F-VA)/Ferdinand Koenig (F-?) & Ainsworth Layne (RL-?)/Unknown (RL-?)
1922: Burton Mitchel III (W-AR)/VACANT
1927: Burton Mitchel III (W-AR)/Unknown (W-?) def. Jake Featherston (F-VA)/Ferdinand Koenig (F-?) & Joseph Taylor Robinson (RL-AR)/Unknown (RL-?)
1933: Jake Featherston (F-VA)/Willy Knight (F-TX) def. Cordell Hull (RL-TN)/Huey Long (RL-LA) & Samuel Longstreet (W-VA)/Hugo Black (W-AL)
1939: Jake Featherston (F-VA)/VACANT
1939: Jake Featherston (F-VA)/Don Patridge (F-TN) def. Abelardo Rodríguez (RL-SO)/Unknown (RL-?) & John Nance Garner (W-TX)/Unknown (W-?)
1944: Don Patridge (F-TN)/VACANT

The list for the USA is perfect.

The CSA is great was well, but needs some gaps filled up.

Here are some of my recommendations for the CSA.

1861: Jefferson Davis (W-MS)/Alexander Stephens (W-GA)
1867: P. G. T. Beauregard (W-LA)/James Seddon (W-VA) def. Robert M. T. Hunter (?-VA)/Richard Taylor (?-LA) & Robert E. Lee (?-VA)/[various]
1873: Fitzhugh Lee (W-VA)/[various] def. Braxton Bragg (?-LA)/John Goode (?-VA), James Chesnut (?-SC)/Henry Foote (?-MS), Zebulon Vance (?-NC)/Herschel V. Johnson (?-GA) & Joseph E. Brown (?-GA)/Thomas A. R. Nelson (?-TN)
1874: Fitzhugh Lee (W-VA)/Henry S. Foote (?-MS)
1879: James Longstreet (W-GA)/Lucius Q. C. Lamar (W-MS) def. Joseph E. Brown (?-GA)/Isham Harris (?-TN) & John H. Morgan (?-KY)/John S. Barbour, Jr. (?-VA)
1885: Zebulon Baird Vance (W-NC)/Joseph C. S. Blackburn (W-KY) def. Rufus W. Cobb (?-AL)/John B. Gordon (?-GA)
1891: States Rights Gist (W-SC)/Stephen Mallory II (W-FL) def. Daniel Lindsay Russell (RL-NC)/Benjamin Tillman (RL-SC)
1897: Robert Love Taylor (W-TN)/Thomas G. Jones (W-AL) def. Daniel Lindsay Russell (RL-NC)/Benjamin Tillman (RL-SC)
1903: Champ Clark (W-KY)/Joseph W. Byrns, Sr. (W-TN) def. Thomas E. Watson (RL-GA)/John Sharp Williams (RL-MS)
1909: Woodrow Wilson (W-KY)/Gabriel Semmes (W-AL) def. Thomas E. Watson (RL-GA)/John Sharp Williams (RL-MS)
1915: Gabriel Semmes (W-AL)/Wade Hampton V (W-SC) def. Doroteo Arango (RL-CH)/Oscar Underwood (RL-AL)
1921: Wade Hampton V (W-SC)/Burton Mitchel III (W-AR) def. Jake Featherston (F-VA)/Ferdinand Koenig (F-?) & Ainsworth Layne (RL-VA)/Plutarco Elías Calles (RL-SO)
1922: Burton Mitchel III (W-AR)/VACANT
1927: Burton Mitchel III (W-AR)/Samuel Longstreet (W-VA) def. Jake Featherston (F-VA)/Ferdinand Koenig (F-?) & Joseph Taylor Robinson (RL-AR)/Cordell Hull (RL-TN)
1933: Jake Featherston (F-VA)/Willy Knight (F-TX) def. Cordell Hull (RL-TN)/Huey Long (RL-LA) & Samuel Longstreet (W-VA)/Hugo Black (W-AL)
1939: Jake Featherston (F-VA)/VACANT
1939: Jake Featherston (F-VA)/Don Patridge (F-TN) def. Abelardo Rodríguez (RL-SO)/Colgate Darden (RL-VA) & John Nance Garner (W-TX)/Eugene Talmadge (W-GA)
1944: Don Patridge (F-TN)/VACANT

Turquoise Blue · May 20, 2013

Zoidberg12 said:
These are some excellent maps Turquoise Blue.

Here are my suggestions. I remember you're list of US and CS Presidential and Vice Presidential Candidates.....

Thanks for the suggestions for the CS VPs. Added. What I want, is possible Republican veeps, I'm trying to cut out fictional characters as much as possible.

Trotsky · May 20, 2013

Zoidberg12 said:
Here are some of my recommendations for the CSA.

Woodrow Wilson was from Virginia.

Turquoise Blue · May 20, 2013

Trotsky said:
Woodrow Wilson was from Virginia.

My fault. Typo.

So, any suggestions? Should I redo the maps? Radical Liberal strongholds OK, or change? Any suggestions for GOP veeps? Who to replace Garner?

Zoidberg12 · May 20, 2013

Trotsky said:
Woodrow Wilson was from Virginia.

Fixed it. I noticed Blue's typo and was planning on fixing it, but forgot.

Zoidberg12 · May 20, 2013

Turquoise Blue said:
Thanks for the suggestions for the CS VPs. Added. What I want, is possible Republican veeps, I'm trying to cut out fictional characters as much as possible.

Your welcome.

Any reason you want to get rid of fictional characters? Since most of the Presidents and Vice Presidents and candidates from After the End are fictional I guess having some fictional guys before makes it a little consistent I guess.

Turquoise Blue · May 20, 2013

Zoidberg12 said:
Your welcome.

Any reason you want to get rid of fictional characters? Since most of the Presidents and Vice Presidents and candidates from After the End are fictional I guess having some fictional guys before makes it a little consistent I guess.

Yeah, I'm willing to keep one or two around, but I really would like it to be mostly real people.

Zoidberg12 · May 20, 2013

Turquoise Blue said:
Yeah, I'm willing to keep one or two around, but I really would like it to be mostly real people.

I see.

Turquoise Blue said:
My fault. Typo.

So, any suggestions? Should I redo the maps? Radical Liberal strongholds OK, or change? Any suggestions for GOP veeps? Who to replace Garner?

The maps are fine IMO, but maybe others have noticed errors I haven't. Fix errors I guess, but you don't have to redo them.

As for the GOP Veeps.....

1908: Charles W. Fairbanks
1912: James J. Couzens
1916: Jack Hounsome (*)
1920: Warren G. Harding
1924: Kennan O'Donnell (*)
1928: Charles Curtis
1932: James Wolcott Wadsworth, Jr.

(*) = Fictional characters you can keep for the heck of it.

Not sure who should replace Cactus Jack at the moment. I'll try and find someone.

Turquoise Blue · May 20, 2013

Zoidberg12 said:
I see.

The maps are fine IMO, but maybe others have noticed errors I haven't. Fix errors I guess, but you don't have to redo them.

As for the GOP Veeps.....

1908: Charles W. Fairbanks
1912: James J. Couzens
1916: Jack Hounsome (*)
1920: Warren G. Harding
1924: Kennan O'Donnell (*)
1928: Charles Curtis
1932: James Wolcott Wadsworth, Jr.

(*) = Fictional characters you can keep for the heck of it.

Not sure who should replace Cactus Jack at the moment. I'll try and find someone.

Couzens is ineligible, he's Canadian-American.

Zoidberg12 · May 20, 2013

Turquoise Blue said:
Couzens is ineligible, he's Canadian-American.

Whoops.

Then replace him with Joseph B. Foraker.

Indigo · May 20, 2013

For the maps, why do they show Wyoming to be solidly Democratic when the books say that it is leaning towards Debs in 1916?

Turquoise Blue · May 20, 2013

Theodore Gladstone said:
For the maps, why do they show Wyoming to be solidly Democratic when the books say that it is leaning towards Debs in 1916?

Hmm... Because it looks weird? That's the only defense I have!

It only said leaning, TR could have won it narrowly.

Zoidberg12 · May 20, 2013

Turquoise Blue, I see you have "unknown" for Debs running mate in 1912? How about this? Have Benjamin Hanford be Deb's running mate in 1912 and replace Hanford with Tom L. Johnson for the 1904 election.

Also, Harvey Parnell might be a good replacement for John Nance Garner.

On another subject, what about the After the End election maps?

Turquoise Blue · May 20, 2013

Zoidberg12 said:
Turquoise Blue, I see you have "unknown" for Debs running mate in 1912? How about this? Have Benjamin Hanford be Deb's running mate in 1912 and replace Hanford with Tom L. Johnson for the 1904 election.

Also, Harvey Parnell might be a good replacement for John Nance Garner.

On another subject, what about the After the End election maps?

I'll do that, thanks.

Hmm... Alright.

That's between me and David, really.

Trotsky · May 20, 2013

Why are we insisting on listing Republican candidates and electoral vote counts when they were irrelevant from 1884-1944?

I mean, their zero electoral votes add absolutely nothing to the map, and I don't think they ever broached 5% of the popular vote until 1944, and even then you're not listing popular vote totals anyway.

Turquoise Blue · May 20, 2013

Trotsky said:
Why are we insisting on listing Republican candidates and electoral vote counts when they were irrelevant from 1884-1944?

I mean, their zero electoral votes add absolutely nothing to the map, and I don't think they ever broached 5% of the popular vote until 1944, and even then you're not listing popular vote totals anyway.

1900-1936 actually. And because its nice to know all three parties' candidates?