There are a number of very interesting points being razed about both, the post war world in regard to the colonies, and events in regard to what happens about Japan, once the Japanese are forced back to the Home Islands.
Starting with the colonies in the post war world. The first thing to remember is that they are not going to be “liberated” as they were IOTL, after the collapse and surrender of the Japanese. Or having been freed of their colonial rulers, for a number of years, thus enabling locals to assume positions of power, under Japanese tutorage. With all the problems that, that entailed, for the returning colonial masters, in reasserting their control.
ITTL, other than FIC, all of the colonial possessions have been fought over, and while there has been short periods when the colonial masters have lost control of an area, it has never been long enough to allow locals to assume power in any significant way. In fact all it has done is allow a few hot heads to stick the head over the parapet, and become targets for the colonial forces.
Nor as usertron2020 said is there going to be major problems with people in the homelands angry about forces fighting in the colonies instead of trying to liberate the homeland. We must remember that as far as the majority of people in the homelands were concerned, the colonies were theirs, and they would expect the local forces to fight to retain them. Also, it is often forgotten, that unlike the British, both the French and Dutch, had two armies, a home army mostly made up of conscripts, who were forbidden to serve in the colonies. And a colonial army, an all volunteer force, who were not expected to serve in the homeland. Both the Free French forces and the Dutch forces fighting in the Far East are predominately colonial troops, and this is where they are expected to fight.
In the case of FIC, if it is liberated after a land campaign, things are going to be very different. The void in administration that happened IOTL will not now happen, nor will there be a need to use as there was Japanese forces post surrender to enforce law and order. Instead as areas are cleared of the Japanese, the military forces will establish first a military government, and then a civil government, to control their rear areas.
With regard to independence movements, other than an educated urban elite, the majority of the colonial peoples had far more important, to them, things to worry about, mostly where their next meal was coming from. We must not forget, that in the days before mass media, if you were a peasant grubbing a precarious living from a small patch of land, illiterate and will no access to mass media, i.e., radio or film, what did you know of what was happening, other than what you heard on the local grapevine. Your major concerns were would there be enough food to eat, and could you afford to pay of the local moneylender. There were parts of all the colonial empires that never saw a white man, didn’t have a clue, who was running the country, and basically didn’t give a dam.
And as I have already said, not everyone saw the colonial masters as oppressors; many saw them as their protectors against the indigenous majority who they believed would oppress them far more than the colonials did. In each and every colony there were significant minorities who believed that they had far more to fear from their majority neighbours than they did from colonials. These peoples can be roughly divided into two groups, indigenous and immigrants.
If we look at just Burma, the hill tribes had no love for the Burmese, who the saw as oppressors and are in some cases still to this day fighting against. Then you had the large number of Indian and Chinese immigrants, brought in as coolie labour, to do work that the Burmese wouldn’t. Many had by dint of hard work and much sacrifice bought out their indenture, and set themselves up as small business men, much to the annoyance of the Burmese. And this picture can be seen all across the various colonies, with in many cases the added friction of religion to add to the pot.
As for Japan, without the bomb, things there will be very difficult, the leadership are not able to admit they got it wrong, and surrender, they will want to fight to the bitter end. And so the allies are left with two options, starve the Japanese into submission or invade. Nether option will lead to a post war Japan, which is able to recover in the way it did. There will be far more resentment and haltered than there was. At the end of the day, the bomb, allowed both sides to make a much better peace than they would have, had ether of the two other options be the road to the end.
Right just to sling something else into the mix, China, does it go communist, become a split nation, half and half in perpetual conflict, or do the nationalists take control? And what of Korea, one nation or two? Not forgetting Tibet, if the communists do not gain control of China, does Tibet retain its independence?