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Based on an earlier timeline of mine that i never finished so here's the shorter version

A short history of the Royal House of Tudor-Hamilton

During 1560 pressure mounted on Elizabeth Tudor to marry to ensure the Protestant succession. The Queen was reluctant but allowed negotiations with the Scots peers who had proposed the son of the Earl of Arran, himself heir presumptive to the Scots Throne. Many at court favoured the match he was the least foreign option, although a Scot, was of a good age and despite his family's strong Catholic leanings was himself currently a Protestant. Many including Lord Robert Dudley believed the match would never happen but in late 1560 news from France that Mary Stuart was with child (falsely as it turned out) pushed the Queen to the altar. The marriage was initially happy with the birth of a son in 1562 however the Queen's husband soon become unwell with a "distemper of the mind" and was incarcerated in comfort at Windsor for the remainder of his long life - allowing Elizabeth to continue to reign alone until her death in 1603.

Edward VII b1562 r1603 d1623

Edward was the adored son of Elizabeth I - extremely well-educated and strong minded with a resemblance to his grandfather Henry VIII and his mother's temper. Raised in the Protestant faith under the guidance of many of the great men of the Elizabethan age by his twenties he was frustrated by his mother's unwillingness to give him any meaningful political role.
He was betrothed to a variety of women in his childhood but in 1584 he was formally betrothed to Margaret of Scotland.
Margaret was the daughter of Mary I and Henry Stuart Lord Darnley and twin to King James VI. Margaret had initially been educated in the Catholic faith of her mother until Mary I's deposition in the early 1570s. During the early years of her brother's minority Margaret was initially in the care of various women of noble birth - and given a Calvinist education. Her childhood meant Margaret was insecure, nervous of strangers and secretive - she was devoted to the memory of the mother she hadn't seen since infancy.
Her marriage was initially successful and a son Henry was born to the couple - but her relationship with the ageing Queen Elizabeth was poor - and the Queen took complete control of the little Prince ordering his household and guardians - Margaret's husband balked at his mother's control. Rumours of plots to depose the Queen were rife in the early 1590s and the couple were constantly looked on with suspicion by the Queen. In 1592 two of Margaret's Scots lady's were questioned at length over allegations they had heard the mass in secret and did not regularly attend Anglican services. In 1594 the Princess would experience a difficult second pregnancy giving birth to a daughter, Elizabeth Mary, and would die a few weeks later.
Edward would remarry this time to suit himself and with the support of the council - his second wife was of lower rank being the daughter of William the Silent but was also a devout Lutheran - Catherina of Nassau - was also much more adept at dealing with the ageing Queen Elizabeth whom she flattered - the couple's marriage was relatively happy and a number of children were born.
In 1604 Catherine was crowned alongside her husband. She would wield immense control over both her own children and step children. It was she who pushed Edward into supporting Protestant Prince's abroad and her modesty in religion appealed to many Protestant sects who found the English Church to still have too many Catholic trappings. Court life under Catherina and Edward was far less extravagant than Elizabeth I's and the Queen insisted on modesty in her ladies.
Catherine's biggest success would be the network of marriages she arranged in 1614 - her stepson would marry her niece Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatine, her own daughter Catherine would marry the Elector Palatine, her stepdaughter meanwhile would wed George of Brandenburg. The King was less than content with the matches for his daughter's as they were not to men who would one day be King's however both matches were popular with Parliament. The King himself was more content with the marriage of his second son, the Duke of York, to a French Princess in 1622 - but the marriage proved unpopular with the rest of the Royal Family and had been strongly opposed by the Queen.
By Edward VII's accession in 1603 it was also clear that James VI of Scotland would be unlikely to leave an heir (his two marriages had failed to produce a living heir) - James seemed unconcerned and in a speech to the Scots Parliament in 1614 he acknowledged that were he not blessed with a child then his nephew Henry of Wales would inherit.

Henry IX and I b1588 r 1623 d1650

Henry as Prince of Wales was educated by the orders of his grandmother Queen Elizabeth. On his father's accession in 1603 the teenaged Henry found like his father before him with little real role - though concious perhaps of his own exclusion from affairs his father included Henry at council meetings and the Prince regularly attended his father. He showed a great interest in architecture and other artistic forms - in 1609 he began work on renovating the Tudor Palace of Beaulieu (or New Hall) which Elizabeth had first given to his father and had been granted to Prince Henry in 1600 - he himself designed the new north front of the building.
In 1614 he married due to the design of his stepmother to Elisabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate - his father was said to be distressed at the marriage and would it was said have preferred a Spanish or French match - which would also have brought a far more significant dower - the English Crown was heavily in debt at this point - however Parliament the same year was delighted with the match (and the marriage of the Prince's sisters to German Protestants) and did after much debate finally grant the King a significant sum to pay his debts.
In 1617 Henry succeeded his uncle as King of Scots and travelled north with his wife and family - he would spend the next six years in Scotland where he and his wife won over the populace with their staunch Protestantism and modest court.
Henry IX annd I would return south with his family on his father's death in 1623 and in 1624 would amend the royal style to Henry, King of Great Britain, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith etc, - though talks of merging the two parliaments stalled due to English reluctance. The King embarked on a twenty year programme to completely rebuild Whitehall Palace.
His relationship with Parliament was slightly better than his far more autocratic father and was helped by the King's own moderate line on religion - though he was rigorous in exercising his rights in foreign policy - steering improved relationships with the Protestant German states and the emerging Dutch republic
In 1630 he appointed his brother William Duke of York as viceroy of Ireland and dispatched him and his family to Dublin Castle where they spent many years - and were extremely popular with the Irish - William was generally believed to have converted to Catholicism whilst in Ireland to the horror of his mother the dowager Queen Catherine - letters to his French brother in law certainly imply this - some Catholics in Britain looked to William as an alternative to his half brother but he was resolutely loyal.
The King's youngest half brother George, the Duke of Gloucester, caused a scandal by eloping with the daughter of the Earl of Hertford (and grandaughter of Lady Catherine Grey) - the new Duchess of Gloucester was not received at court for almost six years and the couple were forced to live away from court though the King was more sympathetic than his wife and stepmother and gave his brother the palace of Oatlands - the rift was healed when the couples eldest child died following a fall however the Duchess was never truly accepted by her mother in law or sister in law.
Henry and his father Edward had refused outright support to the Elector Palatine the husband of his sister Catherine when he accepted the Bohemian Crown in 1619 - since his flight and the loss of his German lands the couple had largely lived in the Dutch Republic and Catherine made frequent visits trying to persuade her brother to offer military support to restore her husband's Electorate - Henry was more willing and with the Swedish involvement in Germany in 1630 he moved to offer financial and possibly military support - this followed the Emperor's refusal to accept the apology Frederick had offered.
The Emperor keen to avoid British involvement - came to peace with Edward - a nominal restoration of the Catherine and Frederick was accepted and a marriage between either the Princess Margaret (eldest daughter of Edward) and the widowed Emperor or his son Ferdinand was part of the deal - in return the Prince of Wales would be betrothed to a Spanish Infanta or a ArchDuchess.
The match and treaty was hugely unpopular in both Germany (the Protestant's saw it as a betrayal of their cause) and in England (where the idea of Margaret being given to one of the leading Catholic monarchs was anathema).
However the marriage went through with Margaret formally converting as per the marriage treaty and being sent to Austria with a new title Princess Royal to inflate her status.
Despite their differences the couple were relatively happy - though after the Emperor's death Margaret Elizabeth led a quiet life and found her relations with her own children difficult.
The impact of the unpopular marriage would be felt by her siblings - both her brother and younger sister would marry Protestants.
In 1635 the King would suspend Parliament and rule without it until his death in 1650 unable or unwilling to hear further protests.
Despite this Henry remained personally well-liked and his death was met with genuine mourning in the Kingdom.

Edward (Frederick) VIII of Great Britain and Ireland
b1624 r 1650 d1689

Edward was the last British monarch to be crowned as King of Scots. At his accession he moved quickly under the advice of his closest advisors - the Earl of Hamilton and the Duke of Lennox - to recall Parliament.
In 1654 the Great Accord was agreed in which Edward renounced his traditional dues in return for an annual income for him to run the government of £300,000 - Parliament also agreed taxes to clear the crown's debts which were approaching £800,000. The deal though gave Parliament far more power than it had previously exercised over the affairs of the state and is generally regarded today as the beginning of the transfer of power from Crown to Parliament.
Still single on his accession Edward's first task was to find a wife that would meet with his own approval and would not offend Parliament - Hapsburg and French and Spanish princesses were speedily ruled out though Edward seriously contemplated a French bride.
His aunts (The English Electresses as they were sometimes referred to) were drafted in by the Queen Dowager to find a suitable Protestant princess for the new King. The three woman eventually settled on the strictly brought up - Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt - who was generally thought to be a beauty and would tie the British royal family to yet another of the Protestant german states.
Edward VIII and his wife had a large family but the couple were saddened by the death from smallpox of the Prince of Wales in 1668 at just 13. The King's reign also saw the growth of British colonies in North America and the increasing power of Parliament.
After decades of arguements the King also saw the merging of the English and Scots Parliaments into a single body in 1679.

Charles I of Great Britain and Ireland
b1660 r1689 d1724

Charles I was a very different man to his ancestors. He was extremely good-looking having inherited the blonde good looks of his mother and was described rather cuttingly by his cousin the Prince of Orange as "the prettiest prince in Europe". He was known to enjoy the company of his male friends rather than the ladies of the court - his mother and sisters doted on him. Highly artistic he is credited with vast improvements to the royal art collection - he also presided over significant rebuilding works - completely rebuilding Richmond Palace which he would prefer to Whitehall. Modern historians have tended to suggest the King was bisexual.
He had in childhood being betrothed to the Danish princess Ulrika who had previously been betrothed to his elder brother that engagement lasted until 1680 when it was quietly broken. In 1682 he was briefly betrothed to the Princess Marie Louise of France. Despairing of his son ever finding a wife the King forced him reluctantly to propose to his cousin Louise Amelia of Nassau daughter of Princess Charlotte Mary of England and William II Prince of Orange.
The marriage was unhappy and court gossip soon suggested the couple were not living as man and wife. Concern over the lack of an heir would dog the first years of the King's reign and pressure was put on both the royal couple - given that his next heir was his sister the Queen of Denmark. The Queen finally conceived in 1693 but would die in childbirth.
Charles I proved in no hurry to find a second wife and in 1698 Parliament finally petititioned the King urging his remarriage - or that he formally adopt as his heir one of his nephews.
In 1703 he married his distant cousin Charlotte of the Palatine. The new Queen was popular at court and highly intelligent. She banished many of the court hangers on and Charles was said to be "entranced" by her. She would conceive quickly and give birth to three children in quick succession - Charles Prince of Wales, Elizabeth Princess Royal, and Princess Mary. Tragically in 1709 the young Prince of Wales would fall from his horse whilst riding at Windsor breaking his neck. His death devestated the royal family particularly as the Queen would lose the child she was expecting. It became clear that the couple would not have further children and the King was determined the country would accept his daughter as Queen. The future Elizabeth II became in her teens the most sought after bride in Europe.
The principal candidates for the Princess Elizabeth's hand were her nearest relations - the King himself was initially said to favour his younger nephew Prince Frederick of Sweden (b1690) partly because the King had been closest to his sister Mary Queen of Sweden who had died in 1702, the Queen had several nephews who she would have liked to have seen married to her daughter. Domestically the King's nephew the 4th Duke of Gloucester (b1694) was a strong candidate as was the 5th Duke of York (b1693). The Princess herself grew into a determined young woman and in 1721 at 17 she clearly fell for her second cousin Prince Frederick Henry of Nassau the younger son of William III Prince of Orange and grandson of Charlotte Mary of Great Britain. The couples betrothal was formalised in 1722 and the House of Nassau made a family pact that if Frederick's brother William IV died without issue (he was childess at 35) then Frederick would waive his rights in favour of the next nearest male line decendant of William The Silent. The marriage proved happy and the Prince and Princess were soon expecting their first child - the Princess Charlotte was born in 1723 just a year before the death of the King.

Elizabeth II
b1704 r1724 d 1791

Britain's longest reigning monarch was just 20 at her accession and still recovering from the birth of her first child. She would be greatly influenced in her early reign by her mother and closest advisors.
Sadly her husband Prince Frederick of Nassau fell ill and died suddenly in 1726 - The Queen as she now was amidst her grief allowed her mother and ministers to push her into a hasty second marriage to her distant cousin and the senior male heir of the house of Tudor Hamilton The Duke of York - though the couple were content and the marriage produced 11 children over the next two decades the Queen was said to mourn her first husband for the remainder of her life.
The Queen's constant pregnancies and her refusal to allow her husband any political power meant the power of her ministers and the Parliament grew considerably throughout her reign. However the Queen was much-admired for her tranquil domestic life, she also took great interest in her colonies overseas and in 1745 she commissioned the stunning "portraits of empire" series of pictures that hang in the Imperial Gallery at Whitehall - showing views of the Queen's many overseas possessions and subjects.
Wars with both France and Spain dominated the middle of her reign and saw Britain's territories in North America grow considerably.
Elizabeth took a keen interest in her children and was determined her daughter's would be model wives and consorts - she was also extremely concious of their status as British Princesses and more than one Prince was dismissed from forming any attachment to the Queen's daughters.
In 1740 the 19-year-old Russian Czar Ivan VI was touring Europe and eventually arrived on Britain's shores - whilst in England he fell in love with the 17-year-old Princess Royal - the feelings were said to be mutual and Queen Elizabeth II permitted and encouraged the match. Charlotte Frederica would be transformed in 1741 into the Czarina Maria Feodorovna - who would come to dominate her husband and the Russian Court for the next six decades.
Elizabeth's son Charles Prince of Wales - formed his own court and circle and was on poor terms with his mother as were both his brother's - the Queen withheld money and marital consent to all of her son's and was often criticised by politicians. After numerous arguements the Prince of Wales eventually married in 1754 to the Danish Princess Louise Dorothea - the couple would have six children over the next 15 years.
In 1774 on the fiftieth anniversary of the Queen's accession - Parliament declared Elizabeth to be Empress of Great Britain - her full style was Elizabeth, By the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Empress, Queen of Ireland and her territories beyond the sea, Defender of the Faith etc
Historian tend to refer correctly to the descendants of Elizabeth I as the House of Tudor-Hamilton or sometimes as simply the House of Hamilton however it is sometime also referred to the House of Tudor-Arran (in honour of the Hamilton family title).

House of Tudor/Tudor-Hamilton
Elizabeth I
b1533 r1558 d 1603
m 1560
James Hamilton (son of the Earl of Arran) CR Duke of Richmond 1560
b 1532 d 1609
Issue:
Edward VII
b1562 r1603 d1623
m1) 1585
Princess Margaret of Scotland (daughter of Mary Queen of Scots and Henry Lord Darnley twin of King James VI)
b1566 d 1594
m2) 1596
Countess Catherina of Nassau (daughter of William the Silent)
b 1578 d1648
Issue by Margaret of Scotland:
a1) Henry IX
King Henry I of Scots on death of his uncle James VI in 1617
King of Great Britain and Ireland 1624
b1588 r 1623 d1650
m
1614
Elisabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate
b1597 d1661
a2) Elizabeth Mary dau of Edward VII and Margaret of Scotland
b 1594 d 1662
m1614
George William, Elector of Brandenburg and Duke of Prussia,
b1595 d1640
ISSUE
Issue by Catherina of Nassau
b1) William (son of Edward VII and Catherina of Nassau)
Duke of York
Viceroy of Ireland 1630 to 1640
b1598 d1655
m 1622
Christina Marie of France
b1606 d1669
b2) Catherine
b1601 d1670
m1614
Frederick V Elector Palatine
ISSUE
b3) Anne
b1604 d1606
b4) Charlotte
b1606 d1629
betrothed 1628 to Christian Prince Elect of Denmark
b5) George
Duke of Gloucester
b1608 d1658
m
1) 1629
Lady Anne Seymour dau of the Earl of Hertford
b1610 d1697
ISSUE
b6)) Frederick
Duke of Clarence
b1611d1618
--------------------------------------
Issue of Henry IX and I
b1588 r 1623 d1650
m
1614
Elisabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate
b1597 d1661
a) Margaret Elizabeth of Great Britain
Created Princess Royal in 1630
b1616 d1670
m 1632
Ferdinand III Holy Roman Emperor
b1608 d 1657
ISSUE
b) Edward Frederick VIII of Great Britain and Ireland
b1624 r 1650 d1689
m
1651
Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt
b1635 d1709
c) Charlotte Mary of Great Britain
b1629 d1677
m
1651
William II Prince of Orange
b1626 d 1669
ISSUE
----------------------------------------------------
Edward Frederick VIII of Great Britain and Ireland
b1624 r 1650 d1689
m
1651
Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt
b1635 d1709
1) Charlotte
b1653 d1714
m1667
Christian V of Denmark
d1699
ISSUE
2) Henry William
Prince of Wales
b1655 d1668
betrothed to Ulrika Eleanore of Denmark 1667
3) Mary
b1658 d1702
m1680
Charles XI of Sweden
d1697
ISSUE
4) Charles I of Great Britain and Ireland
Duke of Clarence
b1660 r1689 d1724
m1) 1685
Louise Amelia of Nassau
b1663 d1693
m2) 1700
Charlotte of the Palatine
b1681 d1760
5) Elizabeth
b1661 d1734
m 1685
Henry 3rd Duke of Gloucester
b1660
ISSUE
-------------------------------
Charles I of Great Britain and Ireland
Duke of Clarence
b1660 r1689 d1724
1) Charles Prince of Wales
b1702 d 1709
2) Elizabeth II
b1704 r1724 d 1791
m1)
Prince Frederick Henry of Nassau
b1696 d1726
m2) 1728
James Charles 5th Duke of York
b1693 d1755
Issue
3) Mary of Great Britain and Ireland.
b1705 d1720
----------------------------
Elizabeth II
b1704 r1724 d 1791
m1)
Prince Frederick Henry of Nassau
b1696 d1726
m2) 1728
James Charles 5th Duke of York
b1693 d1755
Issue
1) Charlotte Frederica of Great Britain
Princess Royal
b1723 d1805
m 1741
Ivan VI of Russia
b1720 r1733 d1778
2) Charles Edward
Prince of Wales
b1730
3) Elizabeth Anne
b1731
4) Mary Louise
b1733
5) Amelia Augusta
b1735
6) James Henry
Duke of Clarence
b1736
7) George William
Duke of Bedford
b1738
8) Caroline Eleanor
b1740
9) Margaret
b1741
10) Frederick
Duke of Richmond
b1742
11) Henrietta
b1744 d1744
11) Catherine (twin to Henrietta)
b1744 d1744
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