during the Napoleonic Wars, instead of restoring the French monarchy the British annex it all, and make Germany a client state. they then go on to get all of OTL British colonies as well as OTL French colonies (for some reason ITTL no other powers tried to colonize those areas).... also they invade Japan, China, annexing all of the former and large parts of the latter. also, the treaty that gave some of the Dutch colonies to Britain (I forget what it was called, I think it was in 1821) gives all of Indonesia to Britain, giving them control of the asian trade. also during the Peninsula War, Britain invades Patagonia (which I think they did IOTL).. thus much of the world is under British control, and eventually the Commonwealth becomes sort of like the OLT UN, only British and actually powerful.