The Shielding of Engla Land against the Normishmen

The Shielding of Engla Land against the Normishmen
(A brief Harold victory TL in "Anglish")


In the Year 1066 of our Lord, the King of Engla Land, Harold the Stalwart of the House Godwinson (and the Twain of that Name), was cast by great onslaughts from two unlike foes, threatening the fate of the kingdom.

At first, Haraldr Hardrada of Northway, a great Viking with a long yore of ransacking, plotted to break the following of Engla Land. Having oathed the Kingdom to a would-be king, Tostig Godwinson, Haraldr now had grounds for a Great Raid, one which would stow Haraldr on the throne of Engla Land and end English selfhood forever. So he thought.

In the Summer of 1066, Haraldr and his fyrd of Vikings aboarded on a great sailing from his homeland. Haraldr reached Yorkshire, readying himself and his men for an onslaught against the burg of York. However, in forethought of a more ready fight, and to hurt the strength of nearby English keepers, Haraldr raided the hinter land for goods and bearings. In a bid to forestall this, the Earls Edwin of Mercia and Morcar of Northumberland steadfastly fought Haraldr at the Row of Fulford. But the Earls lost, and instead, York yielded to Haraldr, who raided the leftover lands of that burg’s shire, seeking thralls and gold.

This raiding and sacking snagged the eye of Harold Godwinson, who, upon learning of the Norwegish strike, gathered his housecarls and thegns into a kingly fyrd. Harold and his men went North, striding day and night at great speed. On the 25th of the Harvestmonth, 1066, Harold reached York. The lightning-speed hike had taken only four days, and the Vikings were snared into a fight that was not on their word: the Row of Stamford Bridge.

At Stamford Bridge, the English fyrd outscored the Norwegish fyrd in words of men. However, the Vikings were frightening foes. When the Norwegish saw the English they quickly stowed into a shielding ring, with each man siding outward. One greatly strong Norwegish axeman held up the English headway by bottlenecking the bridge with his strikes and blows, killing forty Englishmen. Yet this was not to last. One Englishman floated over the stream, stabbing the Norwegishman with his spear. After that, all of the English fyrdmen rushed to the other side of the stream to attack the Norwegish fyrd.

The holdup had given time to the Vikings, and throughout this time, they had shaped into a stalwart shieldwall. The English shaped into a mighty straight, and fell at the Norwegish. Though the fight lasted for hours, the English had an upper hand not only because of their outscoring of men against the Norwegish, but also because the Vikings had left their shieldwear and helms on their boats after their hasty raid. With time, the Norwegish shieldwall broke, Haraldr was quickly slain along with Tostig, and the staying were made to flee or yield, else they were smote.

The onetimely English victory notwithstanding, Harold Godwinson had no time for gathering, for he was onset with a new threat. From the South, Earl Willhelm “the Bastard” of Normish Land had set sail across the English Sound. Like Haraldr, Willhelm laid out a plot to take the throne of Engla Land for himself. Unlike Haraldr, his stake was grounded not on the stake of a would-be king from Engla Land, but on a said deed from the Pope, which held that Willhelm was the true follower of Edward Andetter, previous king of Engla Land. In fact, the Pope had never cast such a deed, but in Normish Land, it was shortly seen as a truth, bolstering the backing of the earl. The earl was altogether speedful at gathering lords and wards of his earldom, who wanted lands in Engla Land as their own fees. Willhelm had made his lordship strong in Normish Land, and many mounted knights flew the flag of that Earl, bringing their fyrdmen.

After building a costly fleet and waiting many months for trusty weather, the Normishmen crossed the English Sound. Willhelm’s onslaught boats landed at Pevensey in Sussex, where he began to raid the hinter land. Wanting to ready his fyrd for a row, Willhelm built a motte-and-bailey stronghouse at Hastings, waiting for Harold to strike.

Harold thought Willhelm had fallen in the sea months earlier, and was not aware of Willhelm’s great raid until it happened. As soon as Harold learned of the Normish’s reaching, the English king once again assembled his housecarls and his thegns into hundreds, and his hundreds into a great fyrd. He headed south to take on the Normish earl.

The Normishmen, with great many a horse, and well-crafted shielding and helming, were by haps a stronger foe than the Norwegish. Not only a fyrd of fyrdmen, there were horsemen, crossbowmen, bowmen, all of whom were shielded by shacklemesh hauberks, other than the bowmen. Notwithstanding this weighty outscoring by the Normishmen, the English had two lucky upperhands. For one, as the Normishmen had straight come back from a raid, they were not yet settled in their stronghouse. For the other, the English had taken high ground straight before the row.

On the 14th of Tenthmonth, thus began the Row of Hastings. The English made a shieldwall atop a hill. Normish spearmen steadfastly and unwisely laid up the hillock, unfit to break the mighty straight. Then bowmen from Willhelm’s fyrd let go a hail of arrows at the English fyrd. Yet the shields did not break. Also, the Normish bowmen could not fill their arrowholders with arrows, as the English had few bowmen. Rather, the English threw stones and spears at the raiders.

Thus the horsemen rushed up the hill, again trying to break the English. Here they found some winning, as they killed much of the fore straight of the shielders. However, the shieldwall did not fall, and bolstered in the Normishmens’ stead. By the last, when a hearsay spread that Willhelm had been killed in the row, the Normishmen fell back. Although Willhelm the Bastard was in fact still alive, the offthrowing of the raiding fyrd gave Harold a chance to also fall back, and he made his way to London. Willhelm, badly bloodied, was made to go to London with his fyrd, as he could not fulfill his oaths to his men for land and plunder without killing the English king.

Harold arrived in London and Willhelm shortly after. The English set up a warding straight in London while some of his men raided the Normishmen at Southwark. English wards then hid in the grass near London Bridge, hoping Willhelm would attempt to storm the building. The plot was trusty. When the battered Normish fyrd arrived, they began to cross the bridge. The bulk of Harold’s fyrd cropped from the north, to set up a bottleneck on the bridge and hinder Willhelm from making his way over. A smaller share of the English fyrdmen harried the Normishmen from the south, throwing stones and spears. The main showdown occurred, with English spearmen making headway against the Frankish earl’s horsemen, who were hindered by the bridge. Then the English fell back with meaning, and the Normishmen were let to make their way across the bridge, seeing as the English were set up and ready to ward. With small teams of Normishs fit to go out on land, and wide English straights, one Normish fought up to five Englishmen. Willhelm had warned his men but to no turning. Most of the Normishmen were slaughtered, and Willhelm tried to ride out, but the English hiding in the grass on the other side killed his horse, and the Normish earl, falling to the ground, was then slain.

The aftermath of the Row of London Bridge led to the enthralling of leftover Frankish and Normish lords, who paid their owings to the King Harold to be worthy to leave Engla Land. Then King Harold went to London and held a great winningstride there, and then he went to Winchester and held another winningstride in that burg, the foremostburg of Engla Land. Harold became known as the Stalwart, having fought off two outlandish onslaughts from outlandish kings. And Engla Land became lush with gold, great with fleet and fyrd for the rest of Harold’s sway, and all the English lords held the King with high outlook, with only one uprising, that of the outbreaking Earls of Mercia and Northumberland, who were killed. In their stead, the King held more trusty earls, who built up the land and swore oath to their kingdom.

Harold the Stalwart would lead from 1066 to 1085, his kingdom of Engla Land becoming wealthy and strong. The great fleet and fyrd fought off Danish onslaughts, and stopped further eavesdropping and raiding by the lords of Northway and Normish Land, which over time would only make greater the sway of the king and the makegathering of the kingdom.

The Normishmen, instead, did take many earldoms in Sicily, and harried the Romish until the Romish were made to build a fyrd called the Normish Hold, which was like the older Varangian Hold but filled with horsemen instead of fyrdmen. While fighting the Normishmen, the Romish lost a great row against the Turks, who raided the land. Only the uprising of Alexios Komnenos against Nikephoros would uphold the Romish Kaiserdom. This Kaiser Alexios did bring a new greatness to the New Rome, which was thought to be lost. But the harrying of Anatolia led to a great loss of land and the building of the Sultanate of Rum.

In such happenings, a few years after the death of Harold the Stalwart, the Romish Kaiser Alexios made a call to the Pope, who would build a new era of taking up the cross and fighting for Christendom.
 
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Ooh, a Hastings timeline. I love your use of language, by the way; definitely evocative of the era. Were the names of people and kingdoms you used the standard of the time?
 
Ooh, a Hastings timeline. I love your use of language, by the way; definitely evocative of the era. Were the names of people and kingdoms you used the standard of the time?
I may have missed a few, but there should be no French or Norman words with the exception of those Latin-derived words from Christianity (like Pope, Christian, Cross). Old English or Scandinavian words are used in their place. For example, "battle" becomes "row" or "fighting", "reign" becomes "sway", and "second" becomes "twain".

Only a few are standard of the time, as in "fyrd", "earl", "housecarl" while others are assumed based on a lack of Latin-derived names.
 
I may have missed a few, but there should be no French or Norman words with the exception of those Latin-derived words from Christianity (like Pope, Christian, Cross). Old English or Scandinavian words are used in their place. For example, "battle" becomes "row" or "fighting", "reign" becomes "sway", and "second" becomes "twain".

Only a few are standard of the time, as in "fyrd", "earl", "housecarl" while others are assumed based on a lack of Latin-derived names.

Nice! As I always point out in my own timeline, I absolutely adore linguistics and, especially, the Germanic languages. Sadly, my love of the subject is absolutely inverse to my actual abilities with it. Therefore, I'm always impressed by those who can play around with it! I'd heard of the Anglish movement, and always found it fascinating, so its good to see someone putting it all to good use. Congrats!
 
This is very interesting.

This smacks of the writing style of the Anglo Saxon Chronicle, with occasional threats of breaking into a poetry more like The Battle of Maldon or something similar. Very good work. Consider me subscribed! :)
 
The Kingly Mendings of Harold the Stalwart

Before one can speak of the share of Engla Land in the First Crusading, one must know the yore of Harold after he shielded his land.

When Harold had made good his sway over Engla Land, and had bested the two onslaughts against his kingdom, he set to look inward, building up land and burgs, and having a worthwhile sway. While he did not, by need, seek to highly mend the ways of Engla Land, he felt that it could be more lush if the gelding, householding, and owing of the kingdom were straightened under the will of the King. And so a setup of kingly mendings did occur, in which the mints and the mintmen made the gold and silver sterlings of the kingdom of greater worth, so that the king could raise greater plenties of pounds for kingly makings, whether in fighting or in bliss. The old pounds were melted down and the newly smithed pounds were the only lawful sterling. This was a making like the days of Wessex, before the Danegeld, and set off Harold’s sway as one of building and growth.

Meanwhile, after the death of Willhelm, the Normish Land and Frankland fell into infighting and messfulness. Baldwin the Fifth of Flanders, who was the king-in-stead of the young Philip of Frankland, set to take Boulougne after the death of Eustace in Engla Land. Furthermore, bickering in Normish Land, and betwixt the Normish and the Bretonish, led to the weakening of the Normish earldom. Earl Robert only straight began his sway, but was forced to shield it, not to much mending, as the Bretonish ransacked his land and folks. Later, other sons of Willhelm would make harm to the earldom, breaking the sway of Earl Robert and leading to worse Frankish and Bretonish raids.

By some writings, Harold was keen to take the Normish Land in its time of messfulness. But instead of taking the earldom, he settled to keep the infighting going in Normish Land and Frankland by backing uprising earls throughout the years. That way, the King could go on to strengthen his sway in Engla Land without worry of outlandish onslaught. For this time, the plot was trusty.

But before Harold the Stalwart could go on any further in his strengthening of kingly sway, he was besought by a new threat. The untrusty Earls, Edwin of Mercia and Morcar of Northumberland, gathered backing from King Sweyn the Twain of Denmark. Sweyn, with a fleet and fyrd of Danishmen, raided along the shore of Humber and East Anglia. After raiding these lands, the Danish king then sailed to the Isle of Ely in the Fens. It was in the Year of Our Lord 1070, about the height of Summer, that the earls Edwin and Morcar forsook the King once and for all by linking with the Danish onslaught. Harold the Stalwart was pulled to fighting, and he called his fyrd to gather. Harold made his way from Winchester to the Fens, where Edwin and Morcar had set up their fyrds. Sweyn stayed at sea, raiding the shore. Harold’s housecarls and thegns were made to find paths through the swamp so that the fyrd could fight a row on their own word, rather than that of the Danishmen. And by the last, Harold the Stalwart met the untrusty earls in the Row of the Fens.

Many men on both sides had fallen sick from the waters and the flies, and the mud slowed the fyrds’ advance. Harold’s fyrd split in two, one share shaping into a shieldwall, the other pathfinding the land in a mind to flank the Danishmen. Edwin, Morcar, and their fyrd made many rows of fyrdmen, all pushing the fore straight along, so that the Danish onslaught could break the English shielders with strength, as well as hold their ground in the mud while the English might fall. At first, the Danish plot was trusty, for the Earls were might to kill many men on the English side.

But the Englishmen believed in their great King, and knew they would win the row, so the losses did not break the English will, nor did they break the English wall. The shieldwall was wider than the Danish bulwark, so the English were might to wrap about the Danish fyrd, smiting men at the sides, who thinned the Danish straights further. By this time, the other English fyrd came to raid the Earls from the back, and the untrusty fyrd was beset on all sides by the English. They fought to the death, with some yielding to the English and made thralls. A few Danishmen bought their freedom and went to the shore to gather with their king Sweyn. Then, Edwin and Morcar were stripped of their lands and holdings, and forbidden to gather backing from any outlandish king.

Sweyn went back to Denmark, while Harold the Stalwart fared to Winchester, where he held a great winningstride. Having ended not two, but three unlike onslaughts from outlandish lords, Harold’s sway over Engla Land was highly strong. No man dared to rise against the King, not that he wanted to, because all men knew that the King Harold was fit to be King. And so, Harold was might to make true any of his wishes as the leader of Engla Land.

From 1070 to 1085 there were few stirrings in Engla Land, which was a blissful land for that time. King Harold the Stalwart made kingly mendings to build his strength and the wealth of the folks. By overwhelming the Earls, the Earldoms of Mercia and Northumberland had become holdings of Harold, like the South of Engla Land. Of all the kingdoms in Europe, other than the Romish Kaiserdom, Engla Land was the one with the most strength in word given to the King, rather than his earls. That is not to say that Harold did not see his Earls with kindness, for the Earls of Engla Land were given freedom to lead their lands and deal with the households and hides of their holdings. Also, Harold was the greatest of his own Earls. But Harold as King was might to mint gold and build stronghouses throughout his Kingdom. He made trade with Northway, rebuilding the fellowship between the two kingdoms, as well as making trade with Frankland, Germanish Land, and even with the Kievish and Romish. The score of folks in Engla Land grew as the land was built up, and some farmers went from the hinter land to newly growing burgs. Meanwhile, crafty Harold kept on the infighting in Normish Land, making the earldom no longer a threat.

Harold did strengthen later Kings, by having the Witenagemot work as the helpers of the King. However, he also was willing to listen to the Witan, and beset himself with many wise folks, who knew how to make the kingdom more lush. Engla Land also saw some of its first true Knights, as Harold became aware that he needed skilled horsemen to bolster his strong housecarls and thegns, and the strongholds of Engla Land became greater, with better stones, mighty like those in Europe. As a share of his wealthmaking, Harold held a somewhat bulky overlook of the score of folks in the kingdom: the hides were scored and the folks were scored in a great book of the lands and holdings in Engla Land. This Book of Hidage was the first making in the ways of the Romish census since many ages before. The main grounds wherefore it was made, were straightforwardly to make better the gelding and owing of the kingdom, so that the wealth of Engla Land was known to the King and his mintmen and goldmen. By word of the Book of Hidage, the score of folks in Engla Land was betwixt one and two thousand-thousand, half of what it may have been in the time of Rome.

After a long, mighty, and wealthy sway over Engla Land, Harold the Stalwart died in 1085. His son, Godwin Haroldson, became the English King with the backing of the lords. It was in the sway of King Godwin the First that Engla Land would begin to truly look outward.
 
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Art

Monthly Donor
Interesting. A battle at London Bridge fought like Stamford, and an English version of William's Domesday Book. . .
 
Interesting. A battle at London Bridge fought like Stamford, and an English version of William's Domesday Book. . .
I was wondering if it was plausible to have Harold Godwinson create something like the Domesday Book, but William the Conqueror did, after all, inherit the highly efficient tax system of Anglo-Saxon England. There was also the Burghal Hidage done in the days of Alfred the Great, and other smaller surveys. I think with Harold ruling 19 years, a realm-wide census is likely to be performed.
 

Art

Monthly Donor
Indeed it makes a lot of sense for a England that has beat off invaders and is minting new money and picking up trade, for the government to make a census of the land and goods it has available. The Domesday book did not spring out of nowhere, after all. England was the richest and largest whole Christian country in Europe at the time. Ever watched the 1066 miniseries the BBC did? It was beautifully done, showing the Normans for the pigs they were.
 
Well, this gives Harold more sway over the lands north of the Trent than any king of the English to date. A new Burghal Hideage, encompassing the whole realm, is also an interesting development. I bet that the Bastard wouldn't have had the foresight for such a thing, eh? ;)

My understanding is that Alfred's and later surveys were good in Wessex, total records in Mercian and East Anglian were patchy, and north of there was pretty poor. Obviously, the monasteries and other foundations had their own cartularies, too, but they weren't above reproach (I've handled a fake charter, purporting to be from the reign of Edward the Elder, but actually dating from the early eleventh century).
 
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JJohnson

Banned
"The Normishmen, instead, did take many earldoms in Sicily, and harried the Romish until the Romish were made to build a fyrd called the Normish Hold, which was like the older Varangian Hold but filled with horsemen instead of fyrdmen. While fighting the Normishmen, the Romish lost a great row against the Turks, who raided the land. Only the uprising of Alexios Komnenos against Nikephoros would uphold the Romish Kaiserdom. This Kaiser Alexios did bring a new greatness to the New Rome, which was thought to be lost. But the harrying of Anatolia led to a great loss of land and the building of the Sultanate of Rum."

Could become, in a less-Latin English:

"Þe Normischmenn, instead, token manie Earldomes in Sicilie, and harrieden þe Romischen until þe Romischen weren imad to bilden a fyrd icalled þe Normische Hold, which was ilike þe eldere varangian Hold, but ifilled wiþ Horsmenn instead of Fyrdmenn. While fightende þe Normischmenn, losten þe Romischen a greate Row against þe Turkes, who raideden þe Land. Onlie þe Uprising of Alexios Komnenos against Nikephoros wolde upholden þe Romische Kaiserdom. Þis Kaiser Alexios brohte a newe Greatness to þe Newe Rome, which was iþoht to been ilost. But the Harrying of Anatola leadde to a great Loss of Land and þe Building of þe Sultanate of Rum."

Just an idea.
 

JJohnson

Banned
In place of "bliss" you could use "friþ" which is the English word for "peace," while "griþ" is a truce, or temporary peace.
 

JJohnson

Banned
Without the Latin/French influence, maybe English would be in a position like the Dutch with their inflections, or thereabouts:

Verbs:

(present tense)
ik take
þu takest
he, sche, it takeþ
we, ye, þey takeþ

I take, we taken (subjunctive present)

(past tense)
tok
tokest
tok
token

(past subjunctive)
I toke, we token

If ik toke þee mid me, we cuðen seen a Film.

Participles: -end or -ed/-en

Examples: taken, takend, itaken; finden, findend, ifounden; wunen, wunend, iwund (to dwell); quellen, quellend, iquelld

Modals:

cunnen - to be able, can (cann, cuðe, icuþ)
willen - to want to, will (will, wolde, iwold)
durren - to dare to (darr, dorste, idorren/idorst)
dugen - to avail, be of use to (deag, dohte, idoht)
magen - to have the power to, be able (maȝ, miȝhte, imiȝht)
moten - to have permission to, may (most, moste, imost)
schullen - to be obliged to, have to, ought to (schall, schollde, ischolld)

Future: werðen, worþ/wurde, iworden (also means 'to become')
Present Perfect: to haven, plus past participle, except for goen, risen, comen, and other motion verbs
Adjectives:

new Burg
a newe Burg
þe newe Burg
þe newe Burie
(add 'e' to the adjective if following a or þe)

comparison:

new, newer, newest
old, elder, eldest
ȝong, ȝinger, ȝingest
brad, bræder, brædest
schort, schorter, schortest
anfald (simple), anfalder, anfaldest
(every adjective keeps the er/est endings, even late 14th-16th century borrowings like "intelligent" could be seen as "intelligenter, intelligentest" like in German and Dutch)

Nouns: written with a capital letter; plural is either -es or -en or -er, possibly favoring -en and -er since -es becomes the possessive form.

þe Cild, Cildes, Cilder, Cilders (child, child's, children, children's)
þe Mann, Mannes, Menn, Menns
þe Olde, Oldes, Olden, Oldens (adjectives as nouns all follow this pattern)
þe Disch, Disches, Dischen, Dischens
þe Lamb, Lambes, Lamber, Lambers
and so on.

Pronouns: (subject, genitive, object form)

ik, min, mee
þu, þin, þee
he, his, him
it, his, him/it
sche, her, her

we, ur, us
ȝe, ȝur, ȝu
þey, þeyr, þem

Word order: S V O, or V2, with present perfect forms staying together.
Example: Ȝestren have ik iseen mine Ceȝen (yesterday I have seen my keys); In mine Hus sawest þu þine ȝingern Broðers. In ȝuren Landen founden þrie Menn mine Scheep.

I can't say, though if the English in your timeline, with less Latin/French influence, would still pronounce the -en endings to the present day, I can say the Dutch don't.
 
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JJohnson

Banned
As a translation:

"Sweyn went back to Denmark, while Harold the Stalwart fared to Winchester, where he held a great winningstride. Having ended not two, but three unlike onslaughts from outlandish lords, Harold’s sway over Engla Land was highly strong. No man dared to rise against the King, not that he wanted to, because all men knew that the King Harold was fit to be King. And so, Harold was might to make true any of his wishes as the leader of Engla Land."

to:

"Sweyn ȝode eft to Denmark, while Harold the Stalward farde to Wincester, where he helde a greate *winningstride.* Havend not twain iended, but þrie unlike Onslohten fram utlandischen Laferden, Haroldes Sway over Engla Land was hiȝhlie strang. Nan Mann dorste to risen against þe King, not þat he wolde, forþen alle Menn wissten þat Harold King was fit to been King. And so, Harold was miȝht to maken trewe aniȝ of his Wischen as þe Leader of Engla Land."

durren - to dare (darr, dorste, idorst)
willen - to want to (will, wolde, iwold)
witten - to know (wat, wisste, iwisst)
goen - to go (goeþ, ȝode, igone)
 
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