The New World

JJohnson

Banned
Doctor Who's third series, starring David Tennant, and his new companion, Christina Jones (Michelle Ryan) visits British South America in 1817 and finds a rogue insect-species attempting to hatch a large batch of children there, who will attempt to take over the world.

Doctor Who:
Chris Eccleston (26 episodes) 1 series, 2 Christmas specials
-Companions: Rose, Captain Jack, Mickey
David Tennant (66 episodes) 3 series
-companions: Rose, Christina, Sally Sparrow
Matthew Smith (66 episodes) 3 series
-companions: Sally Sparrow, ...?
 
Territory Names

North of Quebec you could have the Ungava Territory
North of New Caledonia could be the Cree Territory
East of Mississippi could be the Saline Territory after the river
Same for east of Illinois, it could be the Wapsipinicon Territory
Some land gained in the War of 1812 could be given a celebritory name like the Victoria Territory
If you have a New Caledonia, you could also have a New Hibernia
 
Thanks for making the last map smaller JJ. One small item I would note from an earlier post - If Leopold & Charlotte have 5 children together I doubt that he would later, 1830/31, become King of the Belgians, as by then he would be Prince Consort (or some such title) of Great Britain.
 

JJohnson

Banned
A Brief Look Forward: 2008

"The United States launches new SDO observatory using the second Space Plane, Constellation"

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"German tourists launching from German Equatorial Afrika using Lockheed's new space plane"

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JJohnson

Banned
1818

January
-1: Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is published.
-3: Venus occults Jupiter at 21:52, the last occultation until November 22, 2065

February
-12: Patagonian Wars: British suppress another Spanish/Indian series of revolts throughout British South America. Over the next 2 years, the Indian population will be reduced to a few tens of thousands, and the Spanish-speaking will be driven into Brazil.

March
-22: Easter Sunday in Western Christianity falls on the earliest possible date this year, which will not occur again until 2285

April
-4:US Congress adopts the flag of the US as having 13 red and white stripes, for the 13 signers of the Constitution (there were 16 states in the Confederation, but only 13 signed the Constitution for some time), and one star for each state (25 so far)
-6: Carleton-Messier, the oldest men's clothier in the US, opens its first store in Quebec City.
-7: Brooks Brothers, the second oldest men's clothier in the United States, opens its first store on the northeast corner of Catherine and Cherry Streets in New York City, where it still stands to this day.

May
-11: Charles XIV of Sweden-Norway is crowned King of Sweden.
-19: Quebec and East Quebec re-introduce "Article the First" in Congress with a change in wording back to the original:

Article the thirteenth... After the next enumeration required by the first article of the Constitution, there shall be one Representative for every thirty thousand, until the number shall amount to one hundred, after which the proportion shall be so regulated by Congress, that there shall be not less than one hundred Representatives, nor less than one Representative for every forty thousand persons, until the number of Representatives shall amount to two hundred; after which the proportion shall be so regulated by Congress, that there shall not be less than two hundred Representatives, nor less than one Representative for every fifty thousand persons, until the number of Representatives shall amount to three hundred; after which the proportion shall be so regulated by Congress, that there shall not be less than three hundred Representatives, nor less than one Representative for every sixty-thousand persons, until the number of Representatives shall amount to four hundred; after which the proportion shall be so regulated by Congress, that there shall not be less than four hundred Representatives, nor less than one Representative for every seventy-thousand persons. Each organized territory of the United States, having been duly recognized as such and achieving a Republican form of government for its citizens, shall be entitled to one Representative within the House of Representatives.

This amendment gets votes from Franklin, Quebec, Pennsylvania, and Delaware, which had shot down the original amendment for substituting "more" for "less." The amendment stalls until the Civil War, however, and is revived as a method to ensure Republican control of the fractured Congress.

June


July

-4: Quebec, East Quebec, and Franklin's northern borders are pushed northward in a bill passed by Congress to encompass the territory their citizens have been settling. The Northwest Territory is divided into Columbia Territory west of Lake Winnipeg, and Hudson Territory east of New Caledonia.

August
September
-7: Carl III of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Norway in Trondheim
-23: Border markers are formally installed for the European territory of Moresnet

October
-20: the Treaty of 1818 between the US and the UK settles UK rights to Victoria Island shall continue until 1830 and fishing/trapping rights shall continue until 1850, or until such time as the American population of an organized territory in that region shall reach 50,000 free persons.

November
-11: Anglo-Chinese College is founded by Robert Morrison in Malacca (later renamed as Ying Wa College)

December
-3: Illinois is admitted as the 26th state.
-24: Silent Night composed by Franz Xavier Gruber and Josef Mohr. It will be played for Governor Francois Robitaille in 1851 at Quebec Cathedral, who comments that it's the most beautiful carol he's heard.

Throughout the year:
* Lord Hastings, governor-general of India, gives approval to Sir Stamford Raffles to establish trading station at the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula (modern-day Singapore).
* Andrew Jackson invades Florida.
* The Third Anglo-Maratha War ends, resulting in the breakup of the Maratha Empire and the loss of Maratha independence to the British.
* Shaka starts to rule.
* The British East India Company controls territory occupied by 180 million Indians.
 
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JJohnson

Banned
I'm planning on adding some more states into the Union, namely:

Cuba, Franklin, Quebec, East Quebec, Guyana, St. Dominick's Island, Puerto Rico, Durango, Hamilton, Jefferson, Madison, New Caledonia, New Hibernia, Newfoundland, North/South Columbia, Nova Scotia, Sonora, South California, Mexico, Veracruz, Victoria, Yucatan, Yukon

If someone might be able to help out with state flags, I'd appreciate it.

I'm not wed to the names "New Hibernia" and "New Caledonia" as they don't sound too "American" in the sense that I don't know if Americans in the 19th century would've used those names for states. I'm open to new ideas on State names.
 
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JJohnson

Banned
A mild edit to 1797-1799:

The Netherlands aids the US in several fights with the US against France, enabling the Dutch to claim all of Saint Martin in the Caribbean as part of the Netherlands Antilles. Fighting against Spain in the same war in several minor skirmishes, the Dutch claimed the Peninsula de Paraguana down to the city of Coro. By the 20th century, the Netherlands Antilles includes this land.
 

JJohnson

Banned
A look to the future: World War I

Begun in 1912, President Charles Metier from Quebec and Vice President Teddy Roosevelt sought to keep the US neutral, but allowed the US to accept refugees from the war-torn nations of Germany and the United Kingdom. France however, practiced submarine warfare, dragging the US into war in 1914. Americans fought next to both British and German soldiers to free Germany from the French, and Greece from the Turks. The war lasted till 1917, when President Roosevelt led the United States to the peace table with a defeated France, Turkey, and Russia. An assassin's bullet took President Metier's life only a skant 3 months away from the end of his second term. The refugees' descendants can be seen in the states of Washington, North Columbia, Jackson, Cuba, and Guyana.
 

JJohnson

Banned
New Beginnings

With a few years having gone by since the start of this thread, I've done some more study, and have sought to make this a more plausible timeline, resulting in a tweak of things gone by in the posts beforehand. While still an expanded United States timeline, it will have nowhere near the all-encompassing nature I had conceived originally. Rather, the United States would only cover the OTL Canada, US, Cuba, Bahamas, Puerto Rico, northern Mexico, and a few additional islands:

United States of America, composed of OTL:
-Canada
-United States
-Cuba
-Puerto Rico
-Republic of Rio Grande
-Northwestern Mexico
-several islands

United Kingdom, composed of:
-OTL United Kingdom
-Republic of Ireland
-Malta
-Spanish Morocco, Gibraltar, Infi as Gilbraltar
-the surviving British Empire

Area:
*UK: 2,526,579.60

In this timeline, the flashpoint is still the alternate Quebec Act, but Jamaica still remains British, though the Patriots will gain Bermuda and the Bahamas instead.

Starting at the beginning of the changes:

The British Empire, 1763-1774:

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1763 - as part of the Treaty of Paris, Cuba becomes a French colony and Louisiana becomes Spanish. Unfortunately for the French, their attempts to colonize and subdue the island are only a moderate success, and the island becomes a drain on the French state by the 1790s. The population of around 170,000 drops to 95,000, mainly slaves, as the Spanish leave for the rest of Spanish America. It reaches 110,000 with French settlement by 1795.
1774 - While quelling a dispute over the Protestant Oath that some government officers have, Guy Carleton, Governor, manages to peacefully resolve the dispute, though, some of the rowdier members accidentally start a fire in the pub, which goes on to torch several houses and shops before being put out. By the time this news reaches London, newpapers there began whipping up the population in a frenzy over the "Popist terror" and sours the public and Parliament over the former leniency to their Catholic subjects in Canada. News of its accidental beginnings come too late to change many moods in England.

King George III uses public sentiment as a reason to alter the formerly lenient Quebec Act; the Protestant Oath still stands, and English Common Law is instituted throughout the colonies, as well as a requirement to speak English, and that the Anglican Church should be promoted by taxes in Quebec as well. Quebec is still extended into the Ohio River Valley, though settlement by French-speakers is restricted to east of the Ottawa River, and English-speaking settlement is encouraged west thereof.

-April 12, 1774, Lord North, Prime Minister, argues in the House of Commons:

"The Americans have tarred and feathered your subjects, plundered your merchants, burnt your ships, denied all obedience to your laws and authority; yet so clement and so long forbearing has our conduct been that it is incumbent on us now to take a different course. Whatever may be the consequences, we must risk something; if we do not, all is over"

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The Intolerable Acts are passed in Parliament, including:
*The Boston Port Act, the first of the acts passed in response to the Boston Tea Party, closed the port of Boston until the East India Company had been repaid for the destroyed tea and until the king was satisfied that order had been restored.
*The Massachusetts Government Act provoked even more outrage than the Port Act because it unilaterally altered the government of Massachusetts to bring it under control of the British government. Under the terms of the Government Act, almost all positions in the colonial government were to be appointed by the governor or the king. The act also severely limited the activities of town meetings in Massachusetts to one meeting a year, unless the Governor calls for one.
*The Administration of Justice Act allowed the governor to move trials of accused royal officials to another colony or even to Great Britain if he believed the official could not get a fair trial in Massachusetts. Although the act stipulated that witnesses would be paid for their travel expenses, in practice few colonists could afford to leave their work and cross the ocean to testify in a trial. George Washington called this the "Murder Act" because he believed that it allowed British officials to harass Americans and then escape justice.
*The Quartering Act applied to all of the colonies, and sought to create a more effective method of housing British troops in America. In a previous act, the colonies had been required to provide housing for soldiers, but colonial legislatures had been uncooperative in doing so. The new Quartering Act allowed a governor to house soldiers in other buildings if suitable quarters were not provided.
*The Quebec Act was a piece of legislation unrelated to the events in Boston, and so is not always regarded as one of the Coercive Acts. The timing of its passage led colonists to believe that it was part of the program to punish them. The act enlarged the boundaries of what was then the Province of Quebec and instituted reforms generally unfavorable to the French Catholic inhabitants of the region, including denying them an elected legislative assembly. The act continued references to the Protestant faith in the oath of allegiance, and restricted free practice of the Roman Catholic faith. The Quebec Act offended a variety of interest groups in the British colonies. Land speculators and settlers objected to the transfer of western lands previously claimed by the colonies to a non-representative government. Many feared the abolishment of their own legislative assemblies, and perhaps oppression of other faiths as well.

Enraged Quebecois write pamphlets urging rebellion and others write in support of other colonials' thoughts of petitioning the King for redress of grievances. Pierre du Calvet, another Quebecois advocating reform several times to Guy Carleton, but his ideas were never acted on. With Valentin Jautard and Fleury Mesplet, the trio begin committees of correspondence, and a series of French-language pamphlets, which were later traced back to them by historians. Jean Baillairgé joined in the Patriot cause, urging Quebec to form its own legislature to vote on Independence.

Ben Franklin, in London, meets Thomas Paine, who later arrives in Philadelphia on November 30 of the same year. Paine joins in the growing chorus of an American nation. Guy Carleton himself is also swaying towards independence, with meetings with patriots, both French and English-speaking. They assure him that if they do not stand together, they will fall separately.
* Across the colonies of British North America, the Intolerable Acts enrage a number of British citizens. King George underestimates the reaction to what he believes to be entirely within his power as Sovereign.
* According to Commentaries on the Laws of England, a tract from 1765 by Sir William Blackstone, there must be a sovereign in every society, who had ultimate authority, and that authority was Parliament. Hence, the colonials must submit to the new trade acts that King George III supported.
*The acts unintentionally promoted sympathy for Massachusetts and encouraged colonists from the otherwise diverse colonies to form the First Continental Congress. The Continental Congress created the Continental Association, an agreement to boycott British goods and, if that did not get the Coercive Acts reversed after a year, to stop exporting goods to Great Britain as well. The Congress also pledged to support Massachusetts in case of attack, which meant that all of the colonies would become involved if it came to actual armed conflict.
*September 4-October 21: 62 delegates are sent to the First Continental Congress from fourteen of the twenty territories north of New Spain, excluding Georgia, which was seen as a penal colony. Quebec sent Jean Baillairgé and Valentin Jautard, while Guy Carleton believed in petitioning the King at this point, while Richard John Uniacke and Jonathan Eddy joined from Nova Scotia. Some wanted to entreat the king again, others voted for outright independence. Joseph Galloway proposed a Plan of Union which would have preserved the Empire, but was not acted upon. The petition to the king was not successful, and a Second Continental Congress was convened for May 10 of the following year. Letters of invitation were actually sent for this Congress to Georgia, St John's Island, Newfoundland, East Florida, and West Florida.

Uniacke:
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*October 25: Edenton Tea Party, organized by 51 women, takes place.
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The momentum was gathering. The storm is coming.

1775 -
*February 4 - Guy Carleton sends a letter to General Gage that the populace is in an uproar over the Quebec Act, and that he only has a bare militia to defend the colony from possible rebellion. He also relayed that the Quebec Act cannot be a permanent solution, and that the populace is demanding local government as in the other colonies.
*April 18 - Concord - General Gage sends troops into Concord to capture munitions. Riders, including Paul Revere, alert the countryside to the presence of British troops, who face militia once they reach Lexington. After facing armed rebels, they must then fight their way back to Boston, taking casualties along the way.
*May 10: The Second Continental Congress convenes in Philadelphia. Fort Ticonderoga is captured by the Americans. Pierre du Calvet send out anonymous pamphlets urging Quebec to join their fellow Americans and urged a Quebec Congress to form.
*June 14: Congress votes to create a Continental Army, and George Washington is appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army, and begins amassing his resources.
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*June 17: Guy Johnson, a British Loyalist, goes to Fort Ontario to enlist Indian aid against the rebels, raising 1500 Mohawk Indians to his cause. He had left his estate in New York with 200 Loyalist and Indian supporters.
-Battle of Bunker Hill: British Viscount Howe leads a force of 3,000 against an American force of around 2,500. His first two assaults were firmly repulsed by the colonials, but his third managed to gain the objective. The victory cost the British 1,203 men, which Howe described as "success ... too dearly bought."
*July 6: Congress passes a Declaration of Causes for their taking up arms against the United Kingdom
*July: Sam Kirkland, a missionary who was very influential with the Oneidas, delivers a statement from Congress:

"we desire you to remain at home, and not join either side, but to keep the hatchet buried deep"

-despite this statement, many Oneidas and Tuscaroras hold sympathies with the rebels.
*August 21 1775 - Generals Schuyler and Montgomery fight in the north, preparing for the Siege of Fort St. Jean
*September 4: Hector Theophilus de Cramahé, Lieutenant Governor of Quebec, turns to the Loyalist cause, on promise of the governorship of Quebec on British victory. He acts as a spy for the British for most of 1775.
*September 7: the first approach at the Siege of Fort St. Jean goes well for the Americans, receiving another 800 men from the Connecticut militia.
*September 8: Schuyler sent Ethan Allen (acting as a volunteer since he had been deposed as head of the Green Mountain Boys by Seth Warner) and John Brown to circulate a proclamation announcing the Americans' arrival, and their desire to "free the Canadians from the bondage of British rule." Allen and Brown traveled through the parishes between St. Jean and Montreal, where they were well-received, and even provided with local guards. James Livingston, a local grain merchant (and a relative of Montgomery's wife), began raising a local militia near Chambly, eventually gathering nearly 500 men, commanding the 1st Canadian Regiment as Lt. Colonel.
*September 10: Schuyler and Montgomery lead a seige on Fort St. Jean, and manage to capture it, taking advantage of the darkness and the locals' knowledge of the area. While some colonials were distrustful of the Quebeckers in their midst, the locals made their loyalties to their fellow Patriots well known.
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(Fort St. Jean)
Sept 15: - Gen. Montgomery lays siege to Isle aux Noix on Lake Champlain, and takes Fort Chambly soon after. He advances towards Montreal.
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(Fort Chambly)

October 12 - Gen Montgomery takes Montreal on Oct. 12, forcing British retreat. Citizens celebrate his arrival with a feast in the Revolution's honor. General Benedict Arnold leads a troop of 1100 into Canada, but does not make it in time to assist, due to disease of his troops. He arrives too late for anything but to assist in securing the city and countryside. His actions in the countryside were mottled in their efforts to help the Patriot cause, but his Navy patrolled Lake Champlain, frustrating British Naval efforts on the lake. Cramahé withdraws from Montreal with the British, convinced that the city is indefensible, but promising the British a way to capture Quebec City.
Fall/Winter 1775 - Sir Charles Douglas, a Royal Navy Admiral, attacks Quebec. His forces are met by Generals Montgomery and Schuyler. General Benedict Arnold left two days before notice was received of Sir Douglas' ramming of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and was unable to assist the Generals. General Arnold instead lead a force to pacify the countryside, which was already assisting the Revolutionaries.
Fall, Winter 1775 - A standoff between forces develops along the 14 Atlantic colonies, with neither side gaining considerable ground, nor losing much ground. The British hold Newfoundland, lose Nova Scotia, and hold Halifax.
November - General Arnold, along with Daniel Morgan and 1200 men, march towards Quebec. Their forces are ill equipped, and wait for reinforcements from Montreal
*December
-1 - General Montgomery arrives with reinforcements (350 from New York, 220 from the Canadian 1st Regiment, and 180 from surrounding villages) for the coming battle.
-12 - American forces get artillery assistance, with 12 cannons, which they place 700 yards from the city walls. General Montgomery sent a message for Guy Carleton to surrender via an envoy on December 6, but the message is burned unread. Again, a message is sent, this time, pamphlets spread under cover of darkness via three French-speaking spies around the pubs and houses. Carleton ignored it again.
-14 - while General Montgomery was planning his attack on the city, Christophe Pélissier, a supporter of the American cause, came to see him. He ran the St. Maurice Ironworks. He and Montgomery discussed the idea of holding a provincial convention to elect representatives to Congress. Pélissier recommended against this until after Quebec City had been taken, as the inhabitants would not feel free to act in that way until their security was better assured. Their loyalty to the cause was great, but they needed more American forces to help their security. The two agreed that Pélissier's ironworks would provide munitions (ammunition, cannonballs, and the like) for the siege.
-27: Montgomery prepares the troops for attack when a snowstorm arrives, hiding their advance. At first dawn on December 28, the cannons fired. The Battle of Quebec City was a pincher where the British thought the Americans were advancing from the south, but they had advanced from the east and north. Realizing too late that the attacks from the south and east were feints, General Carleton was caught unawares of the force of Americans who had breaches the north walls, having used the Quebecois to first enter the city and kill the troops at the gate to let them enter unharmed. Within several hours of fighting, the Americans capture Quebec City, accepting Guy Carleton's surrender by a limping General Arnold, who had been shot in the leg, but still managed to walk to meet Carleton. Colonel James Livingston, whose 1st Canadian Regiment served along the eastern front, is placed in command of the city until elections can be held.
New Year's Eve 1775 - Quebec City is completely under Colonial control. Along with Montreal, the two largest cities, the Colonials manage a quick election for January 3 to elect representatives to the Continental Congress.

The British Empire consists of Quebec, Nova Scotia, St. John's Island, Newfoundland, the Thirteen Colonies, Bermuda, the Bahamas, Jamaica, Barbados, Antigua, Montserrat, Barbuda, Tobago, Granada, Dominica, other Caribbean islands, British Honduras, Gibraltar, Minorca, Senegal, British India, and Sumatra.

The French Empire consists of St. Pierre et Miquelon, Guadaloupe, Martinique, Cuba, Haiti, Martinique, and French Guyana, along with the remaining territories OTL.
 
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Guy Carleton himself is also swaying towards independence, with meetings with patriots, both French and English-speaking. They assure him that if they do not stand together, they will fall separately.

*Independence* is anachronistic at this point, especially for a royal official.
 

JJohnson

Banned
1776: The World Changes

1776 - Revolution Begins
January - Thomas Paine publishes Common Sense, which spreads across the Atlantic colonies, Quebec, Newfoundland, and Nova Scotia. French translations are wildly popular.
-3: People in Quebec and Montreal vote to send representatives to the Continental Congress. Valentin Jautard and Fleury Mesplet are elected to Congress.
-7: Quebec drafts a state constitution, with Governor Pierre de Sales Laterrière as the first governor. The Patriot government would retreat to Montreal later this year, but return again to Quebec soon after.
-14; "The reflection upon my situation and that of this army produces many an uneasy hour when all around me are wrapped in sleep. Few people know the predicament we are in." - General Washington.
February - Battle of Moore's Creek Bridge (NC) - Loyalists charge across a bridge to fight what they believe to be a group of rebels, killing several Loyalist leaders, and effectively ending British authority in the town
March - Americans fortify and capture Dorchester Heights, securing the Port of Boston, forcing the British out of Boston by the end of the month.
-25: Battle of Saint-Pierre: Americans under John Dubois, along with Clément Gosselin an Pierre Ayotte, raised 200 men, along with 80 other Americans to face the British under Michel Blais and Ignace Aubert de Gaspé Seigneur Couillard. Louis Liénard de Beaujeu had warned the British they were coming, but the Americans were victorious against the 46-man Loyalist forces. Beaujeu was taken to prison in Montreal, the rest to Quebec.
April - NC drafts the Halifax Resolves;
April 17 - General Schuyler marches to Toronto and captures the city.
May - 4; Rhode Island renounces allegiance to King George III
June -
-7: Richard Henry Lee proposes a Declaration of Independence
-8: Battle of Trois-Rivières - Generals Arnold, Sullivan fight against the 9th, 20th, 53rd, 60th Foot under General Burgoyne, along with Royal Navy (led by Hessian Baron Riedesel) and several Hessian squadrons, losing to the British. Once in Montreal, General Arnold is left in charge by Sullivan, who leaves to fight another battle elsewhere. Arnold must soon abandon Montreal, and in leaving, tries to burn the city, but suffers many casualties.
July -
-2: final copy of the Declaration of Independence written and adopted. General Washington is quoted as saying: "The fate of unborn millions will now depend, under God, on the courage and conduct of this army."
-4: United States officially declare independence from the British Empire. Fifteen colonies unite in signing the declaration on this day. Some flags adopted around that time carried between thirteen and sixteen stripes for each colony, and up to sixteen stars in a circle. [GA, SC, NC, VA, MD, DE, CT, RI, PA, NY, NH, MA, NJ, QU, NS] According to legend, thirteen colonies' representatives signed it first, with Nova Scotia, Georgia, and Rhode Island holding out, leading to the eventual thirteen stripes on the flag, but this was never proven. Others insist the thirteen stripes represent the thirteen virtues of the Patriots' cause.
August -
-Battle of New York / Staaten Island - Gen. Washington routed to Brooklyn Heights by William Howe.
-Two Continentals flying British colors fox the HMS Nautilus and manage to sink her. The two ships are joined days after by the USS Randolph, which brings much needed food to the distant island, swaying the tiny island population to the Patriots' cause. John Paul Jones doesn't quite manage to make this island a 'Nest of Hornets' for the British, but American ships are able to use this as a way to bring in much needed supplies to the southern colonies. Loyalists on the island had even asked for 70 to 80 Chelsea pensioners to aid them, but the British had no one to spare. The island fell without much effort, and staying in Patriot hands.
September -
-Battle of Haarlem Heights - British and American forces clash, and while retreating, the British call a fox bugle, insulting the Americans, and galvanizing their resolve to continue fighting. Among the dead was Yves Le Ny, a colonist from Montreal who had heard about General Washington from revolutionary pamphlets.
-Nathan Hale executed by British for espionage.
October -
-Battle of Valcour Island: Americans under Benedict Arnold, and British under Thomas Pringle, James Dacre, Edward Pellow, and John Shank fight near Lake Champlain; General Arnold's fleet is destroyed, but he gives enough time to prepare defenses for New York city.
-Battle of White Plains: General Howe faces General Washington on Manhatten Island. Though he had the chance to capture him, Howe allows General Washington to escape.
November -
-Hessians capture Fort Washington
-Prussian military sends Friedrich Willhelm von Steuben (says he) to assist the rebels in America.
December -
-Marquis de Lafayette attempts to join American army, along with Wilhelm von Preußen
-NC reorganizes as a State
-Battle of Trenton - Washington surprises the Hessians and defeats them early in the morning.
-With assistance from Maine and Quebec, Acadian, Mi'kmaq, and Maliseet Indians, Jonathan Eddy, a Colonel in the Continental Army, led a force of 800 men to capture Fort Cumberland. Though General Washington had said for him not to expect much support militarily from his troops, already stretched, other Quebecois aided Eddy, as well as Uniacke. Uniacke becomes a congressional delegate to the Continental Congress after this year to replace another Nova Scotian who fell ill.
-The Battle of Fort Cumberland resulted in an American victory led by Col. Eddy, who forced the surrender of Joseph Goreham by December 23rd. This victory is the turning point in Nova Scotia, with momentum building by Eddy.
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1777
January
-3: General Washington wins the Battle of Princeton, and winters at Morristown, NJ.
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February
General du Calvet and his troops are forced out of Quebec City by Gen. Burgoyne when he reaches the city with a force of 8100 men. They retreat to Montreal.
March
The Continental Congress returns to Philadelphia from Baltimore after Washington's successes in NJ. General Washington and General du Calvet begin sending correspondence to coordinate operations.
April
American troops under Benedict Arnold defeat the British at Ridgefield, Connecticut. He is not made aware of the correspondence between Washington and du Calvet, which later angers the General.
June
-Flag Resolution of 1777 passed, mandating 15 stars (separating Canada and Nova Scotia, adding Georgia) and 13 stripes (the 12 Atlantic colonies and Canada made 13 in the resolution).
-British forces under Gen. Burgoyne, 7700 strong, plans to link up with General Howe, coming north from New York City, cutting off New England from the rest of the colonies.
-13: Charles and Francis Morgan of SC attacked with their two armed brigs the HMS Ana, preventing the retaking of Bermuda. They captured the harbor fort of Bermuda, captured the sloop Ana, and used it as a defense and piracy ship for the island.
-22: Battle of Ste. Anne's Point: Colonel Eddy captures Fredericton from the British forces there, capturing 250 soldiers.
July
-British forces under Gen. Burgoyne, 7700 strong, invade from Canada, leaving only a small garrison in Quebec. His troops capture Fort Ticonderoga on Lake Champlain. The supplies are greatly needed by Washington, and its capture is a huge blow to American morale.
-23: British Gen Howe, with 15,000 men, sails from New York for Chesapeake Bay to capture Philadelphia, instead of sailing north to meet up with Gen. Burgoyne.
-Marquis de Lafayette, a 19-yr-old French aristocrat, arrives in Philadelphia and volunteers to serve without pay. He is appointed Maj. Gen. by the Congress. He will come to be one of Gen. Washington's most trusted aides.
-Battle of Quebec: General du Calvet retakes Quebec City, using information from his spies in Quebec, arresting and detaining the remaining British soldiers. He takes the troops to the St. Lawrence, places them on ships and sends them back to England after swearing not to serve again in the war against America. While his troops favored shooting the officers and arresting the soldiers, du Calvet and Washington had an understanding about treatment of the British. Pierre du Calvet was not a military man before the war, rather, he volunteered and quickly aided the American cause, leading to his field commission of general. Luckily for the Americans, his knowledge of the terrain and people proved invaluable during the course of the northern war efforts. François Baby aided the American cause by supplying troops with much needed clothing and food while in Quebec.
August
-Americans under militia general Nicholas Herkimer defeat the British under St. Leger at Fort Stanwix, in the Mohawk Valley in Oriskany, NY. His horse was shot out from under him, and he was thrown clear, coming out with mild injuries. He continued giving orders propped against a tree to avoid retreat by his troops. Brigade surgeon William Petrie later dressed his wounds while he lit his pipe. Death missed the General by an inch, and the Congress would later ask him to entreat Prussia to join their cause.
-Gen. Burgoyne reaches the Hudson after spending a tough month crossing 23 miles of wilderness separating the tip of Lake Champlain from the northern tip of the Hudson.
-At the Battle of Bennington, Vermont militiamen, aided by Massachusetts troops and led by Gen. Stark, wipe out an 800-strong detachment of Hessians sent to seize horses by Gen. Burgoyne.
-British Gen. Howe disembarks Chesapeake Bay with his troops.
September
-The British win the Battle of Brandywine, PA, driving back General Washington and his 10,500-man army towards Philadelphia. Congress resettles at Lancaster, PA. Both sides suffer heavy losses.
-British forces under Gen. Howe occupy Philadelphia, and Congress relocates to York, PA.
-Battle of the Clouds is rained out.
-12: Battle of Parrtown : Colonel Eddy and a force of 2000 defeat the British at Parrtown (OTL Saint John), Nova Scotia, while suffering a loss of 340.
-14: Nova Scotian patriots draft a state constitution under the eager assistance of Jonathan Eddy, with aid from Sam Adams, modelling it on the Virginia constitution. Britain saw his constitution with dubious legality, but was nonetheless recognized by the Continental Congress when he showed the signatures and an official copy. Mariot Abuthnot, also claiming authority for the Royal Colony of Nova Scotia, refused to accept the document. Jonathan Eddy garnered support from a number of rural Nova Scotians in OTL New Brunswick, and from OTL Maine. Among the supporters included Zebulan Rowe, and William Howe (no relation to the British general). In the state's constitutional delegation, they elect William Howe as Continental Governor, and supporters from the OTL New Brunswick and Nova Scotia to a colonial legislature to help provision supplies for Nova Scotia. Patriots from Maine, New Hampshire, and Quebec brought what supplies they could to aid their fellow Americans. Sam Adams did manage to send some siege cannons to Eddy, enabling his seizure of Fort Cumberland in December.

-19: Battle of Saratoga: British and American forces fight at Freeman's Farm; the fighting continues on and off through the day, but once night falls, the Americans slip away, leaving the British on the field.
-21: Paoli Massacre in Philadelphia. Patriot propaganda increases the actual report of British actions, spreading to British islands in the Caribbean.
-British occupy Philadelphia
October
-Americans are driven off at the Battle of Germantown
chew-house-l.jpg

-Gen Burgoyne loses the second battle of Freeman's Farm, NY
-Battle of Saratoga: first major American Victory of the Revolutionary War, when Gen. Horatio Gates and Gen. Benedict Arnold defeat British Gen. Burgoyne, inflicting 600 British casualties to the 150 American casualties.

250px-Surrender_of_General_Burgoyne.jpg

Surrender of General Burgoyne at Saratoga

-17: Gen. Burgoyne and his 5700 man army surrender to Americans led by Gen. Gates. The British are placed on ships and sent back to England after swearing not to serve again in the war against America. News of the American victory at Saratoga soon reaches Europe, boosting support of the American cause. Prussian support increases as a result of Nicholas Herkimer's efforts with Frederich II. In Paris, the American victory is treated and celebrated as if it were a French victory. Ben Franklin is received by the French Royal Court. France then recognizes the independence of America.
-Jamaican slaves impressed into Georgia, South, and North Carolina to assist British. Many escape, even though they are promised freedom for service to the crown.
-Hessian attack at Fort Mercer, NJ repulsed
-30: Prussia recognizes the independence of America.
November
-15: Congress adopts the Articles of Confederation as the government of the new United States of America, pending ratification by the sixteen states individually. Under the Articles, the Congress is the sole authority of the new federal (not national) government.
-British capture Fort Mifflin, PA
-17: Battle of Moncton: Colonel Eddy and General du Calvet, along with New York, Connecticut, and Massachusetts militiamen and a detachment of 50 Prussian troops, capture Moncton from the British, with the aid of one of the Deutsch inhabitants of the town. Eddy and du Calvet winter at Moncton.
December
-Americans push back the British at Whitemarsh, PA.
-Continental Army sets up winter quarters at Valley Forge, PA.
-17: Nova Scotia signs the Articles of Confederation, with Moses Delesdernier, Richard John Uniacke, and Thomas Henry Barclay as their Congressional delegation.


1778
January
-27: The USS Providence, under John Paul Jones, captures Fort Nassau for the Americans, releases 30 American prisoners, spiked the guns of the fort at Nassau, and took military stores including 1,600 pounds of powder. Five ships and a 16-gun British ship were captured, remanned, and used to further aid the rebel cause. British loyalists were jailed or taken prisoner on the other ships as they sailed to the mainland. Slaves who fought for the Americans were promised their freedom.
300px-Continental_Sloop_Providence_%281775-1779%29.jpg

February-American and French representatives sign two treaties in Paris - a Treaty of Amity and Commerce and a Treaty of Alliance. With these treaties, France recognizes the US officially and will soon become one of two major suppliers of military supplies to Washington's Army. Both countries pledge to continue to fight until American independence is won, with neither country concluding a truce with Britain without the consent of the other, and guarantee each other's possessions in America against all other powers. The US guarantees French language rights of Quebecois in their treaty with the French. These treaties bring the American struggle for independence into a world war, with France declaring war on Britain after British ships fire on them, and Spain entering in 1779 as an ally of France. By 1779, Britain will declare war on the Dutch and Prussians, who have been engaging in profitable trade with the French and Americans. In all, the British will have to fight in the Americas, Mediterranean, Africa, India, and the West Indies, all the while facing dangers on the high sees and possible invasion of England itself by the French.
-21: Baron von Steuben of Prussia arrives at Valley Forge to join the Continentals. He begins much needed training and drilling of Washington's troops, now suffering poor morale due to the cold, hunger, disease, scarce supplies, and desertions over the harsh winter at Valley Forge. He is joined by his Italian greyhound, his young aide de camp Louis de Pontiere, his military secretary Pierre Etienne Duponceau, and four other companions. He instructs de Pontiere to request from the King of Prussia a detachment of troops to aid the colonials, who will arrive later this year.

190px-Major_General_Friedrich_Wilhelm_Augustus_Baron_von_Steuben_by_Ralph_Earl.jpeg

Baron Friedrich Wilhelm August Heinrich Ferdinand von Steuben

Baron von Steuben introduced a system of progressive training to the colonials, which began with the school of the soldier, with and without arms, then going through the school of the regiment. This corrected the previous policy of simply assigning personnel to regiments. Each company commander was made responsible for the training of new men, but actual instruction was done by selected sergeants, the best obtainable.

March
A Peace Commission is created by the British Parliament to negotiate with the Americans. The commission then travels to Philadelphia, where it offers granting all the Americans' demands, except independence. Congress rejects this offer; the Rubicon has been crossed, and there's no turning back.
-Fleury Mesplet's best friend, Joseph Barsalou, have been corresponding for over a year since Mesplet joined Congress, and the two founded the Montreal Gazette, the first French language newspaper in Quebec. It is influential in bringing more sentiment towards the Patriot cause, frustrating British efforts to hold the colony.
-1: Quebec signs the Articles of Confederation, represented by James Livingston and Frederick Haldimand
April
-Schuyler moves east after having settled Upper Canada to hold off British ships landing up the St. Lawrence, attempting to cut part of Quebec.
May
-Gen Howe replaced by British Gen. Henry Clinton.
-17: Jamaica joins the revolution, declaring independence from England. They adopt the Articles of Confederation, becoming a de facto 17th state.
-20: Battle of Barren Hill, PA, with Americans led by Lafayette, and British by Gen. Howe. Lafayette engaged the British, and managed to slip away via a route unknown to the British.
-British incite Indians along the frontier, with 300 Iroquois burning Cobleskill, NY.
June
-British Gen. Clinton withdraws his troops from Philadelphia, fearing a French blockade, and marches across New Jersey to New York City. Americans the re-occupy Philadelphia. Gen. Washington sends troops to intercept Gen. Clinton from Valley Forge.
-28: Americans under Washington fight to a draw at the Battle of Monmouth, NJ. General Lee failed to deliver proper orders to his troops, and after hours of fighting the British ordered a tactical retreat, which soon developed into a rout. Upon hearing that American Gen. Charles Lee had ordered a retreat, Gen. Washington becomes furious, relieves him of command, and rallies Lee's troops against the British. Included amongst the troops here are a force of 500 Prussians who recently arrived to aid the Americans. Gen . Clinton continues towards New York.
300px-BattleofMonmouth.jpg

July
-Congress returns to Philadelphia
-British Loyalists and Indians massacre American settlers in the Wyoming Valley in northern Pennsylvania.
-American Major George Rogers Clark captures Kaskaskia, a French village south of St. Louis
-Washington sets up his headquarters at West Point, NY.
-France declares war on Britain [[?, with Austria agreeing to send token aid to the rebellion through the Austro-French marriage of Louis XVI.?]]


August
-French and American forces besiege Newport, RI. Bad weather and delays of land troops cause the siege to fail. The French fleet sails back to Boston for repairs of the weather damage.
September
-Ben Franklin appointed American diplomatic representative in France.
-Rudolf Schwarz appointed American diplomatic representative in Prussia.
November
-At Cherry Valley, NY, Loyalists and Indians massacre more than 40 American settlers. In Upper Canada, two more massacres occur.
December
-29: British occupy Savannah, GA, and capture Augusta a month later.
 
Last edited:

JJohnson

Banned
*Independence* is anachronistic at this point, especially for a royal official.

Anachronistic, howso? Would you think it better to leave him loyalist, or perhaps have Lt Governor Cramahé take his place? Or just leave them both out of it, and have patriot sentiment rise up amongst the populace?
 
Anachronistic, howso? Would you think it better to leave him loyalist, or perhaps have Lt Governor Cramahé take his place? Or just leave them both out of it, and have patriot sentiment rise up amongst the populace?

Anachronistic meaning that in the lead-up to the Revolution and in the early states, the leading American patriots were not pushing for independence. They were pushing for a better deal from Britain and rectification of abuses. It wasn't until '76 that the Rubicon was crossed.
 
Have the Yucatan become part of the U.S. in this TL. That would be...interesting. I do like, though, that it will be more realistic this time.
 

JJohnson

Banned
1779
February
-In Georgia, the militia, led by James Boyd and others, defeats Tories led by Andrew Pickens and others at Kettle Creek. This virtually ends the Loyalist movement in Georgia.
-George Rogers Clark captures Vincennes in Illinois Country, on the Wabash.
March
-Two Patriot-laden vessels of 200 men land in Bermuda to fortify the island against an expected British naval attack.
April
-Retaliating for Indian raids on colonial settlements, American troops from Virginia and North Carolina attack Chickamauga Indian villages in the future state of Tennessee.
-Gen. Benedict Arnold discovers that du Calvet and Washington have been coordinating troop movements without him, angering him, and drawing him to the British side, along with mounting debts and having been passed on promotion several times. He meets with British Major André to correspond with Gen. Clinton.
May
-British troops burn Portsmouth and Norfolk, VA
-1: du Calvet and Shuyler, American Generals, begin planning the attack on Halifax. They begin burning and routing supply runs into the town to deny the troops food and provisions.

June
-Gen. Clinton (British) takes 6000 men up the Hudson river toward West Point
-Spain declares war on England, but does not make any alliance with American revolutionary forces.
-24: Spain begins its siege of Gibraltar in an attempt to retake it from the British.
July
-Fairfield and Norwalk are burned by the British and Loyalists. Victoriaville is burned on July 10 in Quebec by the British. Naval ships from Massachusetts are destroyed by the British while attempting to take the Loyalist stronghold of Castine, Maine, and Halifax.
-Mad Anthony Wayne captures Stony Point NY with 1350 men against a British garrison of only 544 men.
-14: Pierre Gibault, a Jesuit priest, along with Dr. Jean-Baptiste Laffont, convert the population of Vincennes to the Patriot cause without General George Clark having to use his troops.
-18: Battle of Halifax: du Calvet, Eddy, Shuyler, and Montgomery lead a siege against the British stronghold of Halifax with 8,000 troops. the effort does not lead to victory but begins to change the minds of some of the population on the countryside, especially when the British, in attempting to chase the Patriots, begin stealing food and provisions from the farmers and townsfolk, changing a number of Loyalists to Patriots.
August
-Harry "Light Horse" Lee attack Paulus Hook, NJ, defeating the British, led by William Sutherland.
-Congress approves a peace plan stipulating independence, complete British evacuation of America, and free navigation on the Mississippi river.
-American forces defeat combined British-Indian and Loyalist forces at Elmira, NY. After their victory, American troops head northwest and destroy nearly 40 Cayuga and Seneca Indian villages in retaliation for the campaign of terror against American settlers. A militia led by Jacques Langlois participates with his fellow Americans in this action.
September - October
-Americans suffer major defeat in attacking the British at Savannah, GA. Around 800 American and Allied casualties are noted, including Count Casimir Pulaski from Poland, and Franz Josef, a Duke from Prussia. The British lose only 140.
September
-John Paul Jones, engages in a desperate battle with the British frigate Serapis. When the British demanded his surrender, he responded, "I have not yet begun to fight!" On board the Bonhomme Richard, he captures the British Serapis near the English coast after battling them for two hours. He takes the ship to the United Provinces for repair. The outcome of the battle convinced the French crown of the wisdom of backing the colonies in their fight to separate from British authority.
-Tappan Massacre: 'No Flint' Grey kills 30 Americans with a bayonet.
-John Adams is appointed by Congress to negotiate peace with England.
October
-American attempts to retake Savannah from the British fail.
-Washington sets up winter quarters at Morristown, NJ, which will turn out to be another harsh winter without desperately needed supplies, resulting in low morale, desertions, and attempts at mutiny.
December
-British Gen. Clinton sails from NY with 8000 men and heads for Charleston, SC, arriving Feb 1.

The winter of 1779 is the coldest for General Washington and his troops at Morristown.

1780
April
-British attack against Charleston begins as warships sail past the cannons of Fort Moultrie and enter the Charleston harbor. General Washington sends reinforcements.
May
-British capture Fort Moultrie on the 6th
-British capture Charleston, SC on the 12th and its 5400-man garrison (the entire Southern American army), along with four ships and a military arsenal, while only losing 225 men.
-British crush Americans at Waxhaw Creek, SC
-After another severe winter, General Washington faces the serious threat of a mutiny at Morristown. Two Continental regiments conduct an armed march through the camp demanding immediate payment of their 5-month-overdue salary, and full rations. Pennsylvanian troops put down the rebellion, however, and two leaders of the protest are then hanged.
-18: Battle of Halifax: French and American troops seige Halifax under du Calvet, Eddy, Schuyler, and du Calvet's French-provided 1,000 troops. After months of leading the British around the Nova Scotian peninsula, the British forces dwindle to around 3000, while the Patriots swell to 5000 in number. A series of skirmishes in and around Halifax form the Battle of Halifax, which results in a Patriot victory.
-25: Battle of St. Louis: Spanish and British forces fight off St. Louis, where the British are defeated.
June
-A new Massachusetts constitution is endorsed asserting 'all men are born free and equal,' including black slaves.
-Gen Horatio Gates is commissioned by Congress to command the Southern Army.
-Patriots rout Tories at Ramseur's Mill, NC
-Patriots defeat British off the Nova Scotian coast with the aid of a surprise sea storm that wrecks the British ships attempting to return to Halifax.
-Americans defeat the British at the Battle of Springfield, NJ
July
-Six thousand French troops arrive at Newport, RI, to aid the American cause on the 11th, led by Count de Rochambeau. They remain for nearly a year, however, being blockaded by the British fleet.
-Prussian troops arrive off Boston to aid the American cause. General Washington sends orders to take Halifax.
August
-Benedict Arnold is appointed commander of West Point. Unknown to the Americans, he has been secretly collaborating with Gen. Clinton since May 1779, supplying information on General Washington's tactics. Asked why he betrayed the General, he cited the discovery in April of 1997
-Patriots defeat Tories at Hanging Rock, SC
-British under Gen. Cornwallis rout Americans led by Gates at Camden, SC. Nine hundred Americans are killed, 1000 captured.
-American defeat at Fishing Creek, SC, opens a route for Gen. Cornwallis to invade NC.
September
-25: Benedict Arnold's plans to cede West Point to the British are discovered when Major André is captured with a letter from Arnold indicating he intends to turn traitor and surrender West Point. Two days later, Arnold hears of the spy's capture and flees from West Point to the British ship Vulture on the Hudson. Later, he is named brigadier general in the British Army and will fight against the Americans.
-29: Prussian/American forces siege Halifax. Col. Eddy and Baron von Preußen, the head of the Prussian troops, lead the forces.
October
-Combined American/Prussian forces take Halifax, using the Prussian artillery to siege the fort, and burn the ships in the harbor after a two-week-long siege. Some British ships managed to sail out, with very few men aboard.
-Gen. Cornwallis abandons his invasion of NC after Americans, with a detachment of Prussian infantry, capture his reinforcements, a Loyalist force of 1000 men.
-Battle of King's Mountain, SC - lasts 65 minutes. American troops, led by Isaac Shelby and John Sevier defeated Maj. Patrick Ferguson and 1/3 of Gen. Cornwallis' army on the 7th.
-Washington names Nathanael Green commander of the Southern Army, replacing Gates. Greene then begins a strategy of rallying popular support for the Patriot cause, and wearing down the British by leading Gen. Cornwallis on a six-month chase through South Carolina's backwoods, into North Carolina, then Virginia, then back into North Carolina. The British, low on supplies, are then forced to steal from any Americans they encounter, thus enraging them against the British, destroying any Loyalist sentiment possible.
 
Last edited:

JJohnson

Banned
1781

January
-Unpaid Pennsylvania soldiers mutiny in New Jersey, near Princeton. They choose their own representatives to negotiate with state officials back in Pennsylvania. The crisis is eventually resolved through negotiations, but not before more than half the volunteers abandon the army.
-Americans wintering in Halifax re-fortify in preparation for an expected Royal Navy return
-American victory at Cowpens, SC, as Gen. Daniel Morgan defeats British Gen. Tarleton.
-Patriot victory on St. John's Island, when hundreds of settlers owing Quit-Rent oust the small British garrison there. Walter Patterson, the British Governor on the land, who had expressed Patriot sympathies early in the war, helped lead and supply the Patriots.
-Mutiny among American troops at Pompton, NJ. This mutiny is put down seven days later by a 600-man force sent by Gen. Washington. Two of its leaders are promptly hanged.
February
-Battle of Cowan's Ford, Huntersville, NC. Gen. William Lee Davidson is ordered to Cowan's Ford by Gen. Morgan with 500 militia to delay Cornwallis' crossing the Catawba. Davidson's forces began picking off the British as they crossed the wagon ford. The return fire, however, came back heavy, and one shot his Davidson through the heart. Later, his naked body would be found that evening, robbed by British soldiers.
March
-Articles of Confederation adopted on March 2.
-British win a costly victory at Guilford Courthouse, NC. Cornwallis defeats Nathanael Greene, then retreats to Wilmington, and chooses to invade Virginia with his 7500 man army, abandoning his plans to conquer the Carolinas. At this point, it looks like Britain has control of GA and SC, though the decision to go north allows Greene the time to unravel British control of the Carolinas and Georgia, while leading Cornwallis to Yorktown.
-British send four ships to Quebec City, attempting to take the city. Patriots successfully defend the city against the bombardment.
-Four additional ships sail from the Great Lakes, attempting to meet up with the ships that attacked Quebec City, hoping to take Montreal.
April
-Patriot Greene defeated at Hobkirk's Hill, SC by Lord Francis Rawdon
-Americans expelled from Halifax by British Navy; Col Eddy and Baron von Preußen vow to return.
-Patriots led by Pierre du Calvet successfully defend Montreal from the British, and manage to expel the British from the Great Lakes. General du Calvet declares Rupert's Land United States Territory. (however, he does not have the manpower to cover the large territory)
May
-British Gen. Cornwallis skirmishes at Guilford Courthouse
-21: Gen. Washington and French Gen. Rochambeau meet in Connecticut for a war council. Gen Rochambeau reluctantly agrees to Washingtons plan for a joint French naval and American ground attack on New York.
-Baron von Preußen agrees to a joint Prussian-French attack on Halifax.
June
-Thomas Jefferson narrowly escapes capture by the British at Charlottesville, VA.
-Americans retake Augusta, GA
-Americans under Marquis de Lafayette, Gen. Anthony Wayne, and Baron von Steuben begin to form a combined fighting force in VA to oppose British forces under Benedict Arnold and Gen. Cornwallis.
-Congress appoints a Peace Commission comprised of Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, John Jay, Jacques Martin, and Henry Laurens. The commission supplements John Adams as the sole negotiator with the British.
-British hold off Americans at Ninety Six, SC; Nathanael Greene led a siege of the town, held off by the defending Loyalists.
July
-Patriot Mad Anthony Wayne repulsed at Battle of Green Spring, VA. Cornwallis' 5000-man army defeats his 500-man force.
-slave revolt in Williamsburg VA, who burn several buildings.
-Battle of Halifax: Colonel Eddy and Baron von Preußen lead a 1500 man army to retake Halifax; 10 French ships bombard the city from the sea, while they bombard from the land.
August
-After several months of chasing Patriot Greene's army through the south with little success, Gen. Cornwallis and his 10,000 tired soldiers arrive to seek rest and shelter at Yorktown VA on the Chesapeake Bay. He then establishes a base to communicate by sea with Gen. Clinton's forces in New York.
-Gen. Washington abruptly changes plans, and abandons the New York attack in favor of Yorktown, after he receives a letter from French Admiral Count de Grasse, indicating his entire 29-ship French fleet with 3000 soldiers is now heading for the Chesapeake Bay near Cornwallis. Gen. Washington then coordinates with Gen. Rochambeau to rush their best troops south to Virginia to destroy the British position at Yorktown.
-French Fleet under Count Le Fleur drives British naval forces from Halifax, pinning them between the Prussians, Americans, and themselves.
-Count de Grasse's French fleet arrives off Yorktown, VA. He immediately lands troops near Yorktown, linking Lafayette's American troops to cut Cornwallis off from any land retreat.
September
-Washington's and Rochambeau's troops arrive at Philadelphia.
-Patriot Greene defeated at Eutaw Springs, SC by Alexander Stuart. Though defeated, Greene's actions force the British to abandon much of their southern conquests, outside of Charleston and Savannah.
-French fleet drives the British Naval Force from Chesapeake Bay.
-Offshore, a major naval battle between Count de Grasse's French fleet and British Admiral Thomas Graves results in a victory for de Grasse. The British fleet then retreats to New York for reinforcements, leaving the French fleet in control of the Chesapeake Bay; they establish a blockade, cutting Cornwallis off from any chance of retreat by sea. French naval reinforcements then arrive from Newport, and some from Halifax.
-Benedict Arnold's troops loot and burn the port of New London, CT.
-de Grasse sends his ships up the Chesapeake to transport Washington and Rochambeau's troops to Yorktown.
-17: Gen. Washington, with a combined allied army of 17,000 men, begins the siege of Yorktown. French cannons bombard Cornwallis and his 9000 men day and night while the allied lines slowly advance to encircle him. Their supplies run dangerously low...
October
-Cornwallis, surrounded on land and sea by Americans and French, and surrenders at Yorktown, VA on the 19th, sending out a flag of truce, working out terms of surrender. The British army marches out in formation, playing "The world turned upside down," and surrenders. With the defeat at Yorktown, hope for a British victory in America is finished. In the English Parliament, there will soon be calls to end the costly war.
-24: 7000 British reinforcements under Gen. Clinton arrive at the Chesapeake Bay, but turn back at hearing of the Yorktown surrender.
November
-Governor William Patterson declares an end to Quit-Rent on St. John's Island.


1782
January
-Loyalists begin leaving America, heading towards Newfoundland, British Honduras, and Rio de la Plata. Some Nova Scotians opt to resettle in Newfoundland, recalling the failed Company of Scotland. In all, around 15-20% of Americans resettle. Some settle along British forts in Africa, some in India, and some in Asia. Black Loyalists, numbering from between 75,000 to 100,000 leave the Patriot lands behind, settling in London, Mosquito Coast, British Honduras, Patagonia, and British Guyana. This marks the beginning of what later historians call the 'second' British Empire.
-British withdraw from North Carolina
February
-The House of Commons votes against further war in America.
-British fur trappers begin evacuating Rupert's Land.
March
-British Parliament empowers the king to negotiate peace with the United States.
-American militiamen massacre 96 Delaware Indians in the Ohio country in retaliation for Indian raids conducted by other tribes.
-Lord North resigns as British Prime Minister on 20th March. He is succeeded by Lord Rockingham who seeks immediate negotiation with the American peace commissioners.
April
-Gen. Clinton overseas the British policy of ending hostilities and withdrawing British troops from America.
-Peace talks begin in Paris between Ben Franklin and Richard Oswald of Britain
-Gen. Washington establishes American army headquarters at Newburgh, NY
-The Dutch recognize the United States of America as a result of negotiations conducted in the Netherlands by John Adams.
-Holy Roman Empire recognizes the United States as a result of Rudolf Schwarz' efforts.
June
-British evacuate Savannah
-Congress adopts the Great Seal of the United States of America with 16 arrows, leaves, and stars in formation about an eagle.
-Off the Great Lakes, one of the last battles of the Revolution occurs when Patriots take a fur trading post from the British near OTL Minnesota's northern Border.
August
-Loyalist and Indian forces attack and defeat American settlers near Lexington, KY
-Mohawk Indian Chief Joseph Brant conducts raids on settlements in Pennsylvania and Kentucky
-Last fighting of the Revolutionary War between Americans and British occurs with a skirmish in SC along the Combahee River.
November
-The final battle of the Revolutionary War occurs as Americans retaliate and Loyalist-Indian forces by attacking a Shawnee Indian village in Ohio country
-British sign preliminary Articles of Peace in Paris.
December
-British leave Charleston, SC
-In France, strong objections to the peace treaty signing without consulting them first nearly cause falling out with France, though Ben Franklin soothes their anger with a diplomatic response.

1783
January
-England signs preliminary peace treaty with France and Spain. Spain agrees to allow England to resettle in Patagonia, Mosquito Coast, and British Honduras any expelled subjects from North America in exchange for East and West Florida and Minorca from the British, with some territory to allow the expansion of Honduras and guarantees of protection in Rio de la Plata.
February
-Spain recognizes the United States of America, followed soon after by Denmark, Sweden, and Russia.
-England officially declares an end to hostilities in America.
March
-An anonymous letter circulates among Washington's senior officers at Newburg, NY calling for an unauthorized meeting, urging officers to defy the authority of the new US Congress for its failure to honor past promises to the Continental Army. The next day, General Washington forbids the unauthorized meeting, and instead suggests a regular meeting March 15. A second anonymous letter then appears claiming falsely that Washington himself sympathizes with the rebellious officers.
-15: General Washington gathers his officers and talks them out of a rebellion against the authority of Congress, in effect preserving the American democracy
April
-Congress officially declares an end to the Revolutionary War.
-26: 7,000 Loyalists set sail from NY to Patagonia, bringing the total to 123,000 Loyalists who have left America.
June
-The main portion of the Continental Army disbands
-Congress leaves Philadelphia and relocates to Princeton NJ to avoid protests from angry and unpaid war veterans.
July
The Supreme Court of Massachusetts abolishes slavery in that state
September
-Treaty of Paris formally ratified on the 3rd by the USA and Britain. Congress will ratify Jan 14, 1784.
October
In Virginia, the House of Burgesses grants freedom to slaves who served in the Continental Army
November
-George Washington delivers his farewell address to his army. The next day, his remaining troops are discharged.
-Colonel Eddy makes known his intent to retire to Halifax, the new capital of Nova Scotia.
-Washington enters Manhattan as the last British troops leave
-Congress meets in Annapolis, MD
December
-23: Washington makes an historic, triumphant journey from New York to Annapolis, and resigns as Commander-in-Chief of the American Revolutionary Army, then appears before Congress and voluntarily resigns his commission, an event unprecedented in history. Pierre du Calvet and Jonathan Eddy also resign their commissions to return home following Washington's example.

The War is ended. Long live the United States of America.

Map and Articles of Peace to follow.
 
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