The Lion's Roar: An American Political Timeline

Author's Note: This timeline is dedicated to recently deceased Senator Edward Moore "Ted" Kennedy, also known as Uncle Teddy and Ted Kennedy and EMK. R.I.P.

PART ONE:
THE ELECTION OF 1968

"On June 20, 1968, fourteen days after his brother's assassination by Sirhan Sirhan in California, Senator Edward M. Kennedy and Chicago Mayor Richard J. Daley met each other in Daley's office. They talked about the 1968 Democratic National Convention, a little bit about how nice it would have been to have Robert F. Kennedy be nominated and run against the Republican nominee, and then Daley asked him the big question: 'What would you say if I told you that I thought you should run for the Democratic nomination?' Kennedy was silent for a few minutes, and then he officially responded. 'I would on a few certain exceptions,' he said. 'First, would you give me your delegates?'
'Certainly,' Daley responded.
'I will only run if drafted. Would you start a draft movement, to see if the people want me to run?'
'Of course.'
'As long as it is in the memory of my brothers Jack and Bobby, I'll do it, as long as I'm drafted.'
On June 23, 1968, Mayor Daley began the 'Draft Ted Kennedy for President' movement."

- The Dirty Campaign: The Election of 1968 by Jean Edward Smith[1]

"After about a month, we had gotten 5,912,215 signatures in the 'Draft Kennedy' movement, from all over the nation. Our goal was around 4,000,000. That was good enough to convince me. You know, once you get a feeling that people like you, you really want to do something for them. That's the feeling I got, and that's what convinced me to run for president in 1968."

- True Compass by Ted Kennedy, posthumously published 2009[2]


Ted Kennedy Announcing his candidacy, July 26, 1968

"This November, on the 22nd, it will be the fifth anniversary of my brother's, your president's, John F. Kennedy's, assassination. This August, on the sixth, it will be the two month anniversary of my brother Bobby's assassination. I have lost two great brothers, and two great leaders. Bobby was running for my party's nomination this year, and I feel that his campaign should not go to waste. Therefore, I am announcing my candidacy for the Democratic presidential nomination this year, the year we hold the White House, the year we accept change. I will be open for receiving delegates, and I hope for the best this year. America needs change, and I feel that I must carry on my brother's flag to bring that change for the better. God bless the United States!"

- Sen. Edward M. "Ted" Kennedy's Candidacy Announcement, Boston, Massachusetts, July 26, 1968

OTHER CANDIDATES FOR THE 1968 DEMOCRATIC NOMINATION FOR PRESIDENT


Vice President Hubert H. Humphrey, of Minnesota, candidate for the Democratic nomination of 1968


Senator Eugene McCarthy, of Minnesota, candidate for the Democratic nomination of 1968

"After Senator Kennedy declared his candidacy for the Democratic nomination, a lot of the Republican delegates that were about to meet at their national convention in Miami were scared of the idea of the Democrats running Ted Kennedy against whoever they nominated. The thing about Ted Kennedy was that he could really unite a faction, in this case, the liberal faction. Along with the memory of his famous martyred brothers, it wouldn't take too much to get the liberals overwhelming the moderate conservative & conservative faction that Richard Nixon represented. At the Republican National Convention, there were actually two great movements both aimed at stopping Richard Nixon from being nominated; the pure conservative Stop Nixon movement, which was a movement aimed at nominating California Governor Ronald Reagan; and the liberal Republican Stop Nixon movement, which aimed at nominating New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller. And of course, there was the majority of the delegates that still wanted Richard Nixon as the nominee. But even so, there was so many delegates Nixon had, it overpowered both movements, and Richard Nixon was nominated by the Republican Party for president on the first ballot. Then, there was the mess that was the vice presidential nomination ballot."

- The Dirty Campaign: The Election of 1968

"Before the vice presidential ballot, there was lots of delegates that spoke, and all of them stated that they either wanted Nelson Rockefeller or Ronald Reagan to put their name in the ballot to be Nixon's running mate. Due to the massive number of delegates that said this, both of them did declare their candidacy for vice president. On the vice presidential ballot at the Republican National Convention, it was really close, but in the end, Governor Rockefeller was able to convince a few in-the-middle delegates to vote for him, and on the third vice presidential ballot, Nelson Rockefeller was nominated for vice president. Of course, Ronald Reagan and George Romney - who got a few delegates anyhow - were not happy, but what could they do? We were only a little afraid of them declaring an independent campaign, but they didn't. Nowadays, we know they never would have done that."

richard_nixon_1968_1110_file.jpg

Former Vice President Richard Nixon, Republican presidential nominee for 1968


Governor Nelson Rockefeller, the Republican vice presidential nominee, 1968[3]

"I went to lots of Democratic National Conventions in my life, but the most confusing and disastrous one I ever went to was the one in 1968. Only Humphrey, McCarthy, and I were the candidates when we walked in, but the later the convention went on, the more disastrous it got."

- True Compass

[1] Jean Edward Smith is a real author on politics and is a professor at Marshall University. However, her book ITTL is not real, obviously.
[2] True Compass, coincidentally, got published just today. It's a real book, and it's out now, and it's the posthumous memoirs of Ted Kennedy. I know I'm going to read it. Anyhow, of course, the quote from TTL's True Compass is fictional.
[3] All these pictures are from Google Images. I didn't use any photo editing. I don't know how. I might need to later, though, so any volunteers with photo editing skills would be nice. Also, I've written this timeline all the way up until November 1968, and liking it so far, so no chance of it getting canceled. Thanks for reading! Update soon.
 

"Before the vice presidential ballot, there was lots of delegates that spoke, and all of them stated that they either wanted Nelson Rockefeller or Ronald Reagan to put their name in the ballot to be Nixon's running mate.

?Vice presidential ballot at convention? Independent of the President? ??? Isn't his running mate the Presidential candidate's choice?
 
I thought you could chose a running mate, or allow your party to nominate one for you.
 
An interesting thing will be the debates. Nixon was planning to play the age card against RFK IOTL, and he's old enough to be EMK's father. Keep it coming.
 
?Vice presidential ballot at convention? Independent of the President? ??? Isn't his running mate the Presidential candidate's choice?
I don't think that's the process for this time, no. IIRC, the President was chosen on a ballot and the VP on another ballot (at least for the Dems; I recall little about the GOP here), though I think that could be and was often just rubber stamping.
 
Yes, it was usually rubber-stamping, except for the choreographed drama of DNC '44. There hasn't been a multiballot convention since 1952 IOTL, IIRC.
 
Depends on Hizzonor, as usual. As we know, IOTL he confided to Richard Wade (RFK's liaison with City Hall) that if CA went into his column, he, Daley, would make the *arrangements*. He tried to arrange a "draft-LBJ" and a "draft EMK" movements, but neither panned out.
 
Interesting will be the South. Unless there's a huge Bobby sympathy vote (in the South that meant something else :mad::mad:), the totalitarian arithmetic is hard to crack. You must win California or two to three Southern states for a Dem win. Unless the "Minority Coalition" transfers its allegiance to Ted, CA is out of reach.
 
Before I make the following update, I'd like to thank RogueBeaver, for giving me lots of friendly advice on the Kennedys and an excellent source for pics and history, the Times. I couldn't do it without your help, RogueBeaver. Thank you very much.
 
"The 1968 Democratic National Convention was the most confusing one I ever attended. It was a few months after EMK declared his candidacy, and about three weeks after the Republicans nominated Richard Nixon and Nelson Rockefeller. Now, a lot of people were expecting Kennedy to get the nod on the first ballot, halfway in tribute to John F. Kennedy and Robert F. Kennedy. When we walked into the International Amphitheater in Chicago, we all knew, unlike the public, that no one was going to be decided on the first ballot. A lot of delegates, despite being chosen in favor of McCarthy or Humphrey, switched to Kennedy's side of the table, about 900 of them, including the delegates from the same city that we were holding our convention! Anyhow, we knew this too: All three of the serious candidates had an advantage we would have to choose from. First off, we have Hubert Humphrey. He was the vice president, and his advantage was, of course, incumbency. If we didn't nominate him, it would look like we were disloyal to our party four years before. Then, we have probably the most obvious: Ted Kennedy. He was 35 years old, just barely eligible for president, but his advantage that really shook the ground was his last name. He had two martyred brothers, for crying out loud! Then, there's Eugene McCarthy, the only candidate left that participated in the primaries. His main opponent at first had been President Lyndon Johnson, but he dropped out after New Hampshire; then, it was Robert Kennedy that opposed him, but he was assassinated after he defeated McCarthy in California. So, it wasn't going to be a cakewalk, nominating someone for president."

- Delegate by John Calister[1]


Humphrey supporters at the 1968 DNC, just before the first ballot

FIRST BALLOT AT DNC '68[2]
Senator Edward Kennedy - 900
Vice President Hubert Humphrey - 613
Senator Eugene McCarthy - 220
Senator George McGovern - 2

"1313 was the magic number. No one got the magic number on the first ballot."

- Anonymous Delegate

"We're just going to have to see if any delegates change their minds."

- One of McCarthy's press managers to the press, August 26, 1968

SECOND BALLOT AT DNC '68

Senator Edward Kennedy - 1010
Vice President Hubert Humphrey - 553
Senator Eugene McCarthy - 175
Senator George McGovern - 5

"Third time's the charm."

- Humphrey Campaign Manager to Hubert Humphrey, after the second ballot

THIRD BALLOT AT DNC '68

Senator Edward Kennedy - 1064
Vice President Hubert Humphrey - 499
Senator Eugene McCarthy - 179
Senator George McGovern - 1


The Protesters outside the International Amphitheater

"After the third ballot, we realized that, on either the fourth ballot or the fifth, Edward Kennedy would get the nomination. It was time, Humphrey said, to speak out against the young senator. So we asked permission from the chairman of the convention, Mr. Bailey, and he allowed us to speak to the delegates, as long as we told Kennedy and McCarthy they could, too. We did just that."

- Hubert Humphrey Campaign Manager, interviewed for EMK: The Kennedy Story

"Fellow delegates, I am happy that I have almost won. It is time for change in the White House, change for America. Just push for change, my fellow Democrats, and change you shall receive!"

- Senator Kennedy's address to the delegates, Evening August 26, 1968

"Just before me, Senator Kennedy just told you all that we need change. But this change is coming from a 35-year-old. Do you really want someone that young to be your president? Someone so inexperienced?"

- Hubert Humphrey's Infamous Address to the DNC, Evening August 25, 1968

FOURTH BALLOT AT DNC '68

Senator Edward Kennedy - 813
Vice President Hubert Humphrey - 700
Senator Eugene McCarthy - 239

"The first day ended on the fourth ballot, with ourselves more deadlocked than we were on the first ballot. We were not looking forward to the next day, because we all knew that we would have to choose someone, have to hope that a movement would make one of the candidates get 1313."

- Delegate by John Calister
TO BE CONTINUED

[1] I don't know any of the names of delegates that went to DNC '68, so I figured I'd make a fictional account. The entire book is fictional. I hope that's OK with everyone. Just remember that this - and probably none of my current and future timelines - are not aimed for total realism, but just enough that you get realism and entertainment.
[2] Now, I only researched national conventions a little bit ago, and I'm kind of new to this. If I'm getting something wrong, then please let me know.
 
Well, as I said, the most important ones are the Troika: Daley, Hughes, and Unruh. Between them they directly control 25-30% of the delegates. Daley was an undeclared RFK supporter IOTL, the pro-Humphrey Hughes had a pro-Bobby delegation which can be broken open with some jiggery-pokery, and Unruh is RFK's OTL California chairman. OH and PA were undecided. The only winner-take-all primary was CA, with 175 delegates. IOTL they voted for George McGovern, where they and some other RFK delegates parked their votes in protest.

Edit: Lyndon Johnson discussed taking the nomination back after June 6, but because of the likely violent reaction to such a crass move and crappy Southern polling numbers, he decided not to.
 
DNC '68 Continued

"One of Ted Kennedy's most famous speeches was at the [Democratic National] Convention [of 1968]. Just after the fourth ballot failed to nominate a person, the first night was about to end, when Chairman Bailey declared that Senator Kennedy was going to speak. He made a really grand speech about how the current direction we were going was nowhere, and that we needed real change in Washington. Nothing really knew before, but slowly, he started to speak louder, with more drama, and finally, the whole crowd was cheering, "Kennedy! Kennedy! Kennedy!" Then, the first night ended, with a lot of people hoping that the Democrats would nominate Senator Edward Moore Kennedy."

- EMK: A Biography of Edward Moore Kennedy by Robert Caro


Another Picture of the Protests

"On the second day, you could hardly hear yourself think. The protesters were shouting at the top of their lungs, 'Get us out of Vietnam!' It was really sad; as Senator Kennedy was walking into the convention, he actually stopped and asked for a microphone. He addressed these protesters and asked why they were protesting. Of course, they shouted the same thing they had been saying. So, Kennedy told them: 'I am a peace candidate. If I am nominated, I am running on a peace ticket. I will bring your sons and relatives home from Vietnam, and I will ensure that it happens in a safe manner. There is no need to protest when peace is possible.' The crowd cheered, actually. For a little while - just long enough for us to count the fifth ballot - they were actually quite quiet, just carrying around their signs, but no violent activity or screaming."

- Delegate

FIFTH BALLOT AT DNC '68

Senator Edward Kennedy - 1243
Vice President Hubert Humphrey - 400
Senator Eugene McCarthy - 30

"Despite my low count of delegates, I am going to keep up this race, until I or another candidate are nominated."

- Senator Eugene McCarthy after the Fifth Ballot

"Just before the sixth ballot, I got news that President Johnson was flying and should be in Chicago by noon, and that he had an important announcement to make. He came right after the sixth ballot."

- John Bailey, interviewed for The Kennedy Story: A Documentary

SIXTH BALLOT AT DNC '68

Senator Edward Kennedy - 1203
Vice President Hubert Humphrey - 430
Senator Eugene McCarthy - 30

"As I watched in Washington, I realized that this convention has no candidate that we can agree on. Six ballots already, and not one has nominated a person for president. Therefore, I declare my candidacy for the seventh ballot. A continued and honorable war in Vietnam is what I propose, and we can do it."

- Lyndon Johnson's candidacy announcement, August 27, 1968
 
DNC '68 Concluded!

"Late on the second day, the chairman arranged two more days for the national convention with the amphitheater's owner. So now, the convention was going to last until August 31. Hopefully, with a compromise candidate in place, we would nominate someone. In his address before the seventh ballot, President Johnson agreed that the Democratic Party did not really have a platform, so if nominated, he would fight for "peace" in Vietnam, until victory over communism was achieved. Now, a lot of the delegates at the convention really thought that the Democratic Party couldn't win this election, with the president's unpopularity, so naturally, they thought all these ballots were for nothing. They even thought it would be best to just nominate someone. I wasn't one of them; I still wanted Ted Kennedy to be our nominee. Then, he dropped out."

- Delegate

"My fellow Democrats, I am dropping out of this great race, because we must all stand behind the president of the United States. However, I do not endorse any candidate, and will accept any delegates."

- Senator Kennedy's concession speech, morning August 28, 1968

SEVENTH BALLOT AT DNC '68

President Lyndon Johnson - 2780
Senator Eugene McCarthy - 445
Senator Edward Kennedy - 8

"We just couldn't believe it. That was not something we'd expected. Our unpopular president had just beaten everyone for the nomination. We should have known better, really. That amidst a deadlocked convention, the exhausted delegates would just nominate President Johnson."

- Eugene McCarthy Campaign Manager, interviewed for The Kennedy Story

"After he was nominated, and shortly before he was expected to make a suggestion for the vice presidential nominee, Lyndon Johnson talked with me privately. 'Mr. Kennedy,' he said, 'You did a great job trying to get the nomination, and I thank you for the courtesy of dropping out, and that remark you made about supporting the president. Do you want the vice presidency? I can suggest you, and like usual, you'll probably get nominated.'
I told him no. The reason I said no was because I still wanted to be president. I wanted to run in another election. There wasn't any way that anyone back then thought that Johnson could be re-elected. He was a highly unpopular president, mostly for the Vietnam War. And with George Wallace[1] and his American Independent Party trying to win as well, there was no way, we thought."

- True Compass

"I endorse my vice president, Hubert Humphrey, for our Democratic vice presidential nomination ballot."

- President Johnson

VICE PRESIDENTIAL BALLOT AT DNC '68

Vice President Hubert Humphrey - 2556
Senator Edward Kennedy - 9
Senator Eugene McCarthy - 7


Incumbent President Lyndon B. Johnson, Democratic nominee for President, 1968


Incumbent Vice President Hubert H. Humphrey, Democratic nominee for Vice President, 1968

PRES. JOHNSON NOMINATED BY DEM PARTY; VP HUMPHREY VICE PRESIDENTIAL NOMINEE

- The New York Times

[1] As per OTL, Wallace did not announce his running mate until October 1968. That will not change. However, the running mate might/might not...
 
No more than 160 ECV for Lyndon Johnson. Unless a major scandal unfolds from the GOP camp, and even the OTL Chennault affair wouldn't change the outcome with LBJ as the nominee.
 
Very Interesting timeline you gout yourself here DA847, I really have a problem however with Dick picking Rocky as the Vice Presidential Nominee. You would know that Strom Thurmond was really the architect behind securing Nixon's nomination and he was the one who essentialy chose Agnew as the VP nominee IOTL. Any Moderate to liberal choices like Rockefeller, or Hatfield or Mathias would have been shot down by the Southern Delegation and they would have moved back to Reagan's Camp(Essentially the POD of my Reagan in '68 TL)

For another suitable Vice Presidential pick...Im not sure why Nixon did not go with former Rocky Supporter...Governor Claude R. Kirk of Florida. The First Republican elected since the end of Reconstruction. Kirk was tough on Crime, Anti-Busing and pretty confrontational which would make him a great Hatchet Guy for Vice President. I also really dig, LBJ throwing his hat back into the ring and getting the nomination....Keep it comming.
 
Apparently, Bush Sr. was also briefly considered, and Thurmond considered him "acceptable". What Bush didn't realize was that Nixon thought he was "loyal as a dog" so to speak. If he asked him to jump off the Sears Tower, "what floor" sort of loyalty.
 
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