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The Investiture Controversy was a controversy between the pope and monarchs in various European countries about who should appoint church officials, the monarch or the pope. In this thread I am interested in the effects this controversy had in the Holy Roman Empire. Although no one of the sides had a clear cut victory in the controversy, the outcome, the Concordat of Worms seems to have weakened the emperor and to have been at least part of the reason why the empire became increasingly fragmented. The Emperor had an interest in appointing the upper clergy, because many bishops were given fiefs by the emperor.

What POD would be needed for the emperor to keep control over the appointment of the church officials?
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