How can we have the English Commonwealth develop into a true, enduring republic, bypassing military dictatorship and Restoration of the monarchy? In particular, I have it in mind that the tradition would eventually develop of all Englishmen, wherever they may live, being regarded as equals, so that by the 1770s, all the colonies (Virginia, Massachusetts, Nova Scotia, Barbados, and so on) are regarded as merely political subdivisions within the same country as London rather than being regarded as servants to it. How could such a trans-Atlantic English Republic develop, and how would it fare in the centuries to come?