The Final Frontier of Humanity: An Alternate Space Race and Cold War TL

The first human-made Moon[1]

[1]Human-made Moon or Artificial Moon phrase was embraced by majority of the Americans after Nixon's "The Final Frontier" speech while artificial satellite was used by Soviet Union to describe their unmanned vehicles sent into space. During next sixty years only space enthusiasts used Soviet phrase as more correct.
I'd love a source, because this sounds so old sci-fi.
In addition Khrushchev saw the protests not as an ideological struggle but the discontent of working men over unresolved economical and social issues that caused a loss of the people's support for their government.
Ok, you should ask someone to edit for you, or just look this over more carefully. Using this sentence as an example, corrections in bold.
Some of Politburo members feared that United States' President became more confident after orbital flight of the first American artificial satellite and could bomb every city on the planet using new weapon.
Uhhh...
That's a big leap to make, given the known weight of Explorer 1.
Speaker 58760125?
Creation of National Aeronautics and Space Administration under T.Keith Glennan on November of 1956.
Refusal to strenghten NASA budget by House of Representatives the Senate on May of 1957.
How very fitting.
Came into existence last year, and already facing budget freezes.
Kitchen Debate
A lot of stuff is happening on-schedule.
I am suspicious that things will divert drastically soon.
Some 21st century historians argued that 1970s decade was so influenced by the Soviet science fiction novels that it should be named as "Strugatsky Era" in honor of both writers.
Something something SPACE COMMUNISM. Good work.
Means Dyna Soar, SLAM And Orion have realist chance now to be build or tested...
If the world's most terrifying cruise missile and even worse shuttle are the price for Single Stage to Luna, I'll take it.
The First years of the Space Decade was very intense.
Were very intense. And yes, this TL shows it well.
Good TL, will watch.
 
The Eisenhower Doctrine
The Eisenhower Doctrine

The first example of U.S-Soviet cooperation that led to a thaw in relations in the Cold War was the Suez Canal crisis. The Crisis occurred on October 29th of 1956, during the same time as the Hungarian protests, when a coalition of French, British, and Israeli soldiers invaded Egypt. Within a week the Coalition was able to drive Egypt out of the canal and institute an Israeli occupation of the Sinai, driving Egypt into Africa. Such moves were heavily protested by the Arab states with Egypt under President Gamel Nassar preparing for total war. Further escalation was fortunately prevented thanks to the timely intervention of both President Eisenhower and Secretary General Khruschev. While Britain and France had expected the United States to be occupied with Hungary, Khruschev's quick and liberal response with Central Europe would allow both the Soviet Union and the United States to place their full attention in the Middle East, seeing a rare form of American-Soviet cooperation in the United Nations Security Council where UN ambassador Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. and Soviet Ambassador Arkady Sobolev cooperating to pass multiple measures to condemn the invasion and call for a cease fire. The main reason for such large American support for Egypt was due to Eisenhower and Secretary of State Dulles to side with the Arab states in an attempt to form a working defense against the Soviet Union and ensure stability that would see Arab oil ship back to the United States and support a growing American economy. U.S-Soviet efforts were successful and on November 6th British Prime Minister Anthony Eden called for an armistice on November 6th, the advance of the Coalition stopping the next day. With heavy international pressure, Coalition troops would withdraw by the beginning of 1957 and the Suez Canal would come under complete Egyptian control.

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UNSC meeting in regards to the Suez Crisis.

The effects of the Suez crisis had many lasting effects on both sides. For the Americans it was a win-lose situation. Eisenhower's actions could in a sense be considered a foreign policy success in that it strengthened Arab-American relations with many Arabs looking upon Eisenhower fondly for "rising against Zionist aggression" during the crisis. Eisenhower would score a major triumph in the Cold War next year with the United States formally joining the Baghdad Pact, a regional alliance consisting of the United States, United Kingdom, Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Pakistan, and later joined by Jordan in 1959 and Lebanon in 1964, against potential advancements of the Soviet Union. Within future decades the Baghdad Pact would come to form the bulk of American allies in the Middle East, supplying America with cheap oil and strong allies to stem back the spread of Communism in Central Asia. The United States would suffer at the same time however as its relations with both Egypt and Israel would deteriorate in the following years, Israel seeing the United States as lying to them for support and Nasser choosing to go for a more independent path at the same time of strengthening U.S relations with Tehran and Baghdad. The "Special Relationship" between the United States and Britain would come under blows for America's involvement in a conflict which was seen as the end of the British Empire, and while relations would improve in the 60's the two would enter into heavy friction over decolonization in Africa. Most damaging was the relations between Washington and Paris as France in the coming years would be increasingly anti-NATO and vow to take a more independent path that would preserve French hegemony in its sphere of influence. Out of all the participating parties, the Soviet Union undoubtedly came out with no losses as Soviet ties to the Arab world were strengthened and Egypt would slide into becoming a more Soviet ally.

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Inaugural meeting of the Baghdad Pact in 1957

In domestic politics the handling of the Suez Canal crisis would have ramifications for years to come as Eisenhower's siding with Egypt lead to a vast majority of American Jews voting Democratic in future elections, John F. Kennedy winning the Jewish vote in a landslide in the 1960 election against Nixon. In turn Arab-Americans and American Muslims would begin to vote Republican with a majority of Muslim politicians in the modern United States running with the GOP. In the 1960 election Nixon and Kennedy would come to debate extensively on the Middle East over which path to take. Nixon supported Arab Nationalism and a stable working relationship between the United States and the great powers of the region such as Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Turkey, and Iran, providing a buffer against the Soviet Union in Central Asia. Kennedy wanted the opposite with the formation of a strong special relationship with Israel and a heavy defense against Arab aggression. Such debates would be the formation of the modern foreign policies of the two parties towards the Middle East today.

Eisenhower's praise for the Soviet Union in the 1956 protests along with close cooperation in the Suez Crisis, started to form a rift within the Eisenhower Administration. Eisenhower's calls for detente were met with staunch criticism within both the State Department and the Republican Party, the former being led by Secretary of State John Foster Dulles who is credited with founding the "Domino Effect" theory. In Eisenhower's first term the President took the tone of a defender of the free world against Communism, the U.S forming a heavily passive aggressive foreign policy with the CIA taking heavy action in the 1954 coups of Iran and Guatemala. Dulles, who was hospitalized during the Suez Crisis, found himself increasingly alone in a more pro-Detente administration, Vice President Nixon leading the charge against Dulles' continued advance of the Domino Effect. Frustrated with the President's seemingly Pro-Soviet attitude, Dulles would resign in March of 1957, saying that he was "no longer welcome" at the White House. After Dulles' resignation, Eisenhower chose to nominate UN ambassador Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. as his replacement. With Lodge came a new change in attitude of the Eisenhower administration towards the Cold War. This showed in Eisenhower's State of the Union Address in 1957 which called for the formation of what would later be credited as the Eisenhower doctrine. Said doctrine detailed that the United States must pursue continued detente with the Soviet Union and peacefully compete in all fields from economics, diplomacy, athletics, and the space race in order to steer the world away from World War III. At the same time Eisenhower stated that the United States must remain vigilant and provide extensive aid to its allies in Europe and the third world so that no cracks would appear upon which the Soviets would take advantage of and lead to further conflict. The endgoal of Eisenhower's plan was in many ways similar to Khrushchev's new direction for the Cold War, let peace reign so that in the end the United States' superior culture and economics would be able to overcome Communism and convert the Soviet Union to becoming a democratic and capitalist society.

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Secretary of State Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. Lodge would come to play a crucial part in early Cold War foreign policy with his position as Secretary of State in the Eisenhower and Nixon administrations.

Continuing upon the goals of the new Eisenhower Doctrine, President Eisenhower with consultation from Vice President Nixon and Secretary Lodge decided to push for a new step in detente in order to both reward the Soviets for their support of reform in Hungary and lead the world further away from nuclear hellfire, a ban on nuclear testing. Such action ironically had been called for before in the United States by Eisenhower's election opponent, Democratic Governor Adlai Stevenson. Stevenson was one of a growing number of people in America who pushed for a complete ban on nuclear testing due to the worries of how it pushed towards an extended nuclear arms race, along with fears of the radiation fallout from such open testing. The worst such case which brought public attention to the issue was the Castle Bravo test in 1954 during Eisenhower's first term which saw the devastation of the Bikini Atoll and a forced relocation of its residents, tens of thousands of whom suffered from radiation sickness. During both elections Eisenhower was a staunch proponent of nuclear testing, viewing it as a necessary evil to combat the Communist menace. However now with the Soviet Union showing honest signs of peaceful reform and U.S-Soviet cooperation strong during the Suez Crisis, Eisenhower viewed the test usage of such testing as no longer necessary.

On May 3rd 1957, Eisenhower gave a presidential address calling for a shift in his administration towards support of the nuclear test ban, calling for support from Khrushchev in order to come together and form a bilateral agreement. Eisenhower stressed the need to continue on the path towards peace and detente saying, "In the past decade our world has gone to the blink of oblivion all for the sake of ideology. Before we travel to other worlds it is best that we leave behind not a world of death, but a thriving and beautiful garden." Such calls were welcomed within Moscow as Khrushchev had two years before called for the very same action to be taken, many members of the Politburo sighed in relief that millions of rubles would no longer be wasted on needless tests and that the threat of nuclear war with America would be decreased. After months of negotiations in the United Nations, the Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (PNTB) was signed on September 5th in Geneva, being ratified by both the United States Senate and Soviet Politburo within the following month. The treaty called for a complete ban on surface-level testing, though allowed for the testing of nuclear weapons in underground facilities. Support was overwhelming in both of the Superpowers, though certain war hawks on both the Republicans and Democrats decried the treaty as "Cowering before the Red Menace". Most worrying was that while a majority of nations would sign the paper within the next year, two great powers would refrain from even touching it; France and China. France chose not to participate in defiance to U.S foreign policy in the aftermath of the Suez Crisis, the failure of the event caused a tense break in Franco-American relations, something that was encouraged further by recently instated French President Charles De Gaulle who sought to make French an independent third superpower. China would also refuse to sign the treaty due to Chinese General Secretary Mao Zedong viewed the treaty as a sign of weakness that would harm China in its pursuit of nuclear weapons. Mao also saw the PNTB as an act of subservience to Khruschev and Moscow, starting off the long series of events that would see the Sino-Soviet split and Mao's China becoming a pariah state in the world.

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Eisenhower greets Khrushchev in Washington upon his arrival in 1958. The Secretary General made an historic visit to the United States after an invitation by Eisenhower in order to congratulate him upon Khrushchev's reforming the Warsaw Pact and the signing of the PTNB. The two men would use the trip to discuss a variety of topics including detente, China, Vietnam, trade, and the Space Race.

Lastly in regards to the Cold War came the ongoing situation in Vietnam. In 1954 the country had been divided along the 17th parallel with Northern Vietnam emerging as a Communist state while Southern Vietnam sided with the United States. The situation soon became muddy as while the United States was vocal in defending South Vietnamese sovereignty against the North, both the CIA and State department were unable to understand the intricate politics of the region and failed to form a strong plan to counter Ho Chi Minh's growing rise in popularity among the Vietnamese. What made the situation even worse was South Vietnamese Prime Minister Ngo Diem whose actions ostracized the Buddhist and peasant class with his biased support of Catholics and landowners in Southern Vietnam. In the later 1950's a guerrilla movement began to grow in Southern Vietnam called the National Liberation Front or Viet Cong, the Viet Cong was an organization that sought to end the Diem regime and reunify Vietnam under Hanoi. U.S support arrived in the form of millions of dollars of weapons and equipment sales along with Eisenhower sending Army advisors that would train and equip the South Vietnamese military. By 1960 there were over 3,000 of these advisers in Vietnam, with a few hundred participating in authorized "combat advisory missions" that would see them deployed into combat with their South Vietnamese counterparts. Privately Eisenhower was wary of the situation in Indochina, admitting to Nixon in a private conversation that Vietnam was "low-tier" in U.S interests and that in the worst case scenario they could allow a Northern victory. Such a dedication would be tested in the early years of the Nixon administration following North Vietnam in 1959 announcing their support for the Viet Cong.

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ARVN combat troops engage in battle with the Viet Cong

A/N: Hey everyone, Tal Shiar gave me permission to write this special update showing how foreign affairs changed thanks to Hungary and the Space Race. By the way as a sidenote, there are two important developments that occur here that I didn't write, the 1958 Lebanon Crisis and the July 14th Iraqi Revolution no longer existing. Basically the Lebanon Crisis was caused by Muslim backlash due to the President siding with the West after the Suez crisis. Here, Lebanese President Camille Chamoun breaks off relations with Britain and France, but keeps them with the U.S. Since the U.S is regarded so highly here, things are temporarily calmed down since American influence is not perceived as Western influence. Without Lebanon the Iraqi plotters do not have an opportunity. Since 1956, the CIA is sent into the Middle East to secure the region for the U.S, and CIA agents find out about the potential coup in Iraq, informing the King and having the plotters executed. While domestic trouble still brews for Iraq and Lebanon, both are now on the side of the U.S and Iraq and Jordan maintain the Arab Federation. I'll fully show this and ongoing developments in the Middle East in a near future update that shows the shift in policy thanks to the Baghdad Pact and both Israel and Egypt shifting their foreign policies.
 
Hey everyone, Tal Shiar gave me permission to write this special update showing how foreign affairs changed thanks to Hungary and the Space Race. By the way as a sidenote, there are two important developments that occur here that I didn't write, the 1958 Lebanon Crisis and the July 14th Iraqi Revolution no longer existing. Basically the Lebanon Crisis was caused by Muslim backlash due to the President siding with the West after the Suez crisis. Here, Lebanese President Camille Chamoun breaks off relations with Britain and France, but keeps them with the U.S. Since the U.S is regarded so highly here, things are temporarily calmed down since American influence is not perceived as Western influence. Without Lebanon the Iraqi plotters do not have an opportunity. Since 1956, the CIA is sent into the Middle East to secure the region for the U.S, and CIA agents find out about the potential coup in Iraq, informing the King and having the plotters executed. While domestic trouble still brews for Iraq and Lebanon, both are now on the side of the U.S and Iraq and Jordan maintain the Arab Federation. I'll fully show this and ongoing developments in the Middle East in a near future update that shows the shift in policy thanks to the Baghdad Pact and both Israel and Egypt shifting their foreign policies.

Although I am curious to what this would mean for possible arab unification in the future
 
@MagicalPhantom345 Short version - Rise of Augments in the Middle East. Fall of Arab Federation into Augments hands on 1992 and beginning of Eugenic Wars between Khan Noonien Singh and humanity. After years of economic crisis World War III will destroy main governments of Earth leading to post-atomic horror that wil end when Zefram Cochrane will make his historic flight on Phoenix starship leading to the First Contact with Vulcan survey ship T'Plana-Hath. :)
 
Rise of Augments in the Middle East. Fall of Arab Federation into Augments hands on 1992 and beginning of Eugenic Wars between Khan Noonien Singh and humanity. After years of economic crisis World War III will destroy main governments of Earth leading to post-atomic horror that wil end when Zefram Cochrane will make his historic flight on Phoenix starship leading to the First Contact with Vulcan survey ship T'Plana-Hath.

...I believe I have enough common sense to know the difference between ruffly accurate Speculative Fiction and something that came out of Bad Fanfiction Theatre:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLNSgpJTAeqwkII7neFuJJ8JWAbYSeP6Eb
 
@MagicalPhantom345

We have:

- Earlier Space Race.
- The Soviet Union committed to lunar landing since 1961/1962.
- Increased fundings on a Soviet space agencies.
- No Hungarian Revolution, no Cuban Missile Crisis, No Berlin Wall Crisis (I forgot about that chapter but Ulbricht will fear Nixon and instead of Wall, we will have "temporary closed borders due to spread of disease" and East German offer to "send medical aid to West Berlin and West Germany") -> Arms reduction on both sides of Iron Curtain -> more money that was placed into expansion of consumer goods industry -> strenghtened supporters of the reforms _> healthier economy -> more money into space exploration seen as part of the struggle against capitalism.
- N-1 rocket ordered on 1959, not 1964/65 as OTL.
- More money into technological progress on both sides of Iron Curtain.

Genetically Modified Organisms and cloning is possible in Our Timeline. What if in the alternate Soviet Union c.1990/2000s someone in the government will allow experiments on human cloning or gene modifications on volunteers?

I know that Eugenic Wars of 1990s are not possible even in the most utopian/dystopian timeline but 2040s seems to be more convincing.

Alternate Star Trek 20th century history will be certainly more convincing than OTL.
 
@MagicalPhantom345

We have:

- Earlier Space Race.
- The Soviet Union committed to lunar landing since 1961/1962.
- Increased fundings on a Soviet space agencies.
- No Hungarian Revolution, no Cuban Missile Crisis, No Berlin Wall Crisis (I forgot about that chapter but Ulbricht will fear Nixon and instead of Wall, we will have "temporary closed borders due to spread of disease" and East German offer to "send medical aid to West Berlin and West Germany") -> Arms reduction on both sides of Iron Curtain -> more money that was placed into expansion of consumer goods industry -> strenghtened supporters of the reforms _> healthier economy -> more money into space exploration seen as part of the struggle against capitalism.
- N-1 rocket ordered on 1959, not 1964/65 as OTL.
- More money into technological progress on both sides of Iron Curtain.

Genetically Modified Organisms and cloning is possible in Our Timeline. What if in the alternate Soviet Union c.1990/2000s someone in the government will allow experiments on human cloning or gene modifications on volunteers?

I know that Eugenic Wars of 1990s are not possible even in the most utopian/dystopian timeline but 2040s seems to be more convincing.

Alternate Star Trek 20th century history will be certainly more convincing than OTL.

Well in my defense I was never that involved in the Star Trek franchise and it's lore, when compared to other franchises like Dragon Ball or Star Wars.
 
Chinese way to socialism
"We can not follow the Soviet steps. We have to overtake them, not to become their puppets!" - Mao Zedong
Mao_proclaiming_the_establishment_of_the_PRC_in_1949.jpg

{Warning. Expect some hardliner description of the Western/Soviet policies of 1956-1957. I do not agree with them - I'm just trying to show hardline Maoist reactions to them.}

Partial Nuclear Ban Test Treaty of September 5, 1957 convinced the Chairman of the Peple's Republic of China Mao Zedong that both the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Nikita Sergeievich Khrushchev and the President of the United States Dwight David Eisenhower plan to alienate Chinese communists and force them into becoming pariah state which would be invaded without major international obstacles. Banning of the nuclear weapon testing on the surface level was the first step to renew Western intervention on the Chinese soil - just like during two Opium Wars when capitalist states fought for free trade against mighty Chinese state or Boxer Rebellion when Chinese tried to liberate their lands from Western influences. Russians and the United States were always Chinese enemies - seizure of Outer Manchuria which was belonging to China for centuries and support for Japanese during early XX century clearly showed true motivations of these countries - destruction of the Chinese nations.

{It should end there}

To contradict Western influences Mao Zedong decided to implement radical reforms into Chinese society. He knew that Nikita S. Khrushchev did not crushed Polish and Hungarian demonstrators due to fear of nuclear war with the United States who at that time possesed Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles and were probably able to attack the Soviet Union. As part of strenghtening the national defense of the Chinese Prople's Republic Mao decided to develop ICBM as a weapon of fear to show both Soviets and Americans that they are endangered by nuclear attack from a third side of the Cold War. Three major points of the Second Five-years' Plan was to strenghten heavy industry, develop nuclear weapon as soon as possible and create modern rocketry in China. To fund these achievements Mao decided to consolidate all agricultural cooperatives which would not fulfill stated by government quotas of production. It became clear that China must have modern army supported by solid base of rockets threatening to attack both superpowers in the world. Costs of these expedintures could be high but had to be paid if Maoist regime was meant to survive 1960s.

Weather in 1958 was very favorable for Chinese agriculture and saved thousands of agricultural cooperatives from cforced collectivization under Mao's heavy hand as they were able to produce enough output to fund expensive projects of the central government. Chairman insisted that cooperatives must produce more grain for the cities and earn foreign exchange from exports. System of compulsory state purchases of grain at fixed prices was established to meet the terms of Chinese trade agreements with the Soviet Union. Compulsory purchases together with heavy taxation accounted for 30 percent of the harvest of 1958, leaving smaller surplus for the Chinese society. In the cities rationing was established as means of reduction of the consumption of agricultural products which small amounts were attributes to the smaller productivity of the Chinese farmers. The ban on private ownership of land which was established in villages which did not meet state quotas ruined lives of thousands of people as they were unable to secure enough food to go on living leading to the outbreaks of famines in various parts of China which costed lives of 5 millions of people. Modern estimates for victims of famines were placed higher - Black Book of Communism places them on 10 millions while more mainstreams historians are arguing about 5-7 millions of people.

Despite devastating famines and poverty in collectivized villages Second Five-Years' Plan was claimed as great success for the Chinese Revolution. Industrial production increased at an average annual rate of 15% between 1957 and 1962 while national income grew at a rate of 4% a year.

In the means of the development of rocketry, Chinese People's Republic tested its first Medium Range Ballistic Missile DF-2 on April 4th, 1961 and began development of the DF-3 IRBM based on Mikhail Yangel's Soviet R-14 Chusovaya missile. Plans were drawn about DF-4 ICBM rocket based on the Soviet expertise just before they left China after Sino-Soviet Split. The first nuclear tests by Chinese People's Republic took place on 1964 marking the beginning of the "Nuclear Dragon Era".

[*]Mao Zedong avoided Lysenko policies due to its Soviet origin. Actually, Great Leap Forward was smaller than OTL due to more rational policy by Chinese Communist Party caused by fear that if more radical reforms took place, West and East would attack China with nuclear weapons on ICBMs. In terms of collectivization Mao doesn't want to repeat Stalinist mistakes and want to collectivize gradually beginning with the the least profitable cooperatives/estates. Besides - who said that only 5/10 millions died during famines? ATL Chinese governments could be less keen to show their weaknesses thus not revealing true numbers to the world.
 
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I remember a quote attribute to Mao Zedong. (source german book about China under Mao)

Attack us [Nuclear] even is half of Chinese population died, there still 440 million survivors to strike back the Attacker...

Interesting that China focus direct on ICBM DF-2/3/4, OTL Mao Zedong favor the Feng Bao (Great Storm) ICBM program, but that had massive R&D problems and was canceled after Mao dead.
What about rest: Submarines and Bomber, would China copy soviets or other designs ?
 
Weather in 1958 was very favorable for Chinese agriculture and saved thousands of agricultural cooperatives from cforced collectivization under Mao's heavy hand as they were able to produce enough output to fund expensive projects of the central government. Chairman insisted that cooperatives must produce more grain for the cities and earn foreign exchange from exports. System of compulsory state purchases of grain at fixed prices was established to meet the terms of Chinese trade agreements with the Soviet Union. Compulsory purchases together with heavy taxation accounted for 30 percent of the harvest of 1958, leaving smaller surplus for the Chinese society. In the cities rationing was established as means of reduction of the consumption of agricultural products which small amounts were attributes to the smaller productivity of the Chinese farmers. The ban on private ownership of land which was established in villages which did not meet state quotas ruined lives of thousands of people as they were unable to secure enough food to go on living leading to the outbreaks of famines in various parts of China which costed lives of 5 millions of people. Modern estimates for victims of famines were placed higher - Black Book of Communism places them on 10 millions while more mainstreams historians are arguing about 5-7 millions of people.
There were thoughts about the USSR, the European left and Maoist China.
Despite the fact that the Hungarian slaughter did not happen, the history with China can come out sideways. During the "Red May" in Paris, some radical students shouted about solidarity with Budapest. But it is worth considering the popularity of Maoism (or rather proto-Maoism, since the term itself appeared only in 1992) among the left-wing students. The fact is that even as a result of the softening of the regime in Eastern Europe, detente with the US can be perceived as a betrayal of the interests of the working class. And in the end, they will again be guided by China as a bulwark of a true revolution.
 
Introduction of mixed economy in Hungary (strenghtened Kadarism with more market-oriented reforms) can be viewed by some as betrayal of the socialist model of economy. These people may argue that Chinese model is still successful (informations about deaths in China will be censored more than OTL while some of them may be depicted as fight against Western spies or counterrevolutionaries).
 
Even if the stalinists/hoxaist/maoist are more critical of the SU, they already are/were anyways.

The leftcoms will be a bit more sympathetic i think, or at least have less to complain about. Particularly if the SU gets behind projects like OGAS and CyberSyn, as those are the only ways i can see the SU breaking out of its state capitalist rut into a genuine socialism.
 
Introduction of mixed economy in Hungary (strenghtened Kadarism with more market-oriented reforms) can be viewed by some as betrayal of the socialist model of economy. These people may argue that Chinese model is still successful (informations about deaths in China will be censored more than OTL while some of them may be depicted as fight against Western spies or counterrevolutionaries).
As far as I remember, the Hungarian working councils aspired to working self-government, and didn't demand privatization.
 
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