From…
Historia General de las Americas
“…the
Desert campaign of 1828 had left Lavalleja a very influential and powerful man in Buenos Aires, now counting with vast support from the hacendados and the Federal caudillos alike…thousands of square kilometers conquered, thousands of hostile Indians killed, hundreds of white hostages rescued and a dozen Indian base camps and towns destroyed…that is without mentioning the wounded and the slaved natives…
“…what Lavalleja could not see was the growing discontent over his increasingly despotic military rule…his rejection of the constitutional project of 1827, his attempts to move the capital to Montevideo while continuing to reside in Buenos Aires had made him many enemies at the Banda Oriental and at the capital, while the Unitarios continued to grow in numbers and power…an important example being the growing army of expatriates in southern Brazil, which unbeknown to the government, was not only opposed to Lavalleja, but had boosted its numbers thanks to local volunteers and German and Irish mercenaries that had fought in the Brazilian wars…
“…as the government of Juan Antonio Lavalleja reached its third year, the situation was spiraling out of his control…”
From…
The United States, a General and Political History 1824-1854
“…Clay’s policies towards the Indians, towards the Spanish and towards the Mexicans had been under constant attack by Jackson and his allies through the entire period of 1825-1829, as were the National Bank and the tariffs…
“…according to Jackson, the tariff had been designed to keep the south weak and the southern economy underdeveloped, while the north continued to expand their own wealth…the Indian policy had also been attacked, as a threat to civilization in general, and as a way of denying thousands of farmers land that was rightfully theirs, both in the south and in the west…
“…by the time of the 1828 Presidential election, Jackson had rallied enough support to make his Democratic Party a powerful, organized and well-oiled political machine, gathering the southern states’ rights supporters, the farmers, army veterans, expansionists and other groups in opposition of the Clay administration and the old Democratic-Republican apparatus to become a serious threat to the President and his faltering political coalition…
“…the continuous personal attacks between Jackson and Clay and the issue of the Tariff dominated the presidential campaign until November, when the Electoral College gave a surprising victory to Andrew Jackson, the “man of the people”, Clay only taking New England, New York, Kentucky and three electors from Ohio, while Jackson carried the south, Pennsylvania and the west, as well as a mandate of the popular vote by nearly 500,000 votes…”
From…
A History of Spain and its people
“…what’s most fascinating about the troubles of 1830 (
La crisis del año 30) is that it was not an isolated phenomenon, but a combination of events and circumstances that spread through the peninsula and the Americas as a wild fire, starting in Madrid and reaching as far as Lima and Mexico city as if the entire Spanish-speaking world was connected…
“…the crisis began on February 6th of 1830, when years of conspiracies and plotting resulted in the “
Pronunciamiento de Zaragoza”, when over 20,000 troops under Colonel Tomas de Zumalacarregui, under the de facto command of Generals Luis Fernandez de Cordoba and Rafael Maroto…
“…the purpose of the Pronunciamiento was to “restore” King Carlos, who had been imprisoned at Aranjuez and deprived of his powers as monarch of Spain since 1815, and while the absolutist party in Madrid was nearly without influence or power, in the north, particularly at Aragon, Navarra and the Basque country, Carlos V counted with the support of several generals that remained loyal to him and not to the Junta Central at Madrid…
“…although the troops at Catalunya and Navarra would not rise against the government until March 4th, the war would nevertheless be declared to have begun on February 8th, when the pro-government officials at Zaragoza and Logroño were executed on the orders of the rebel generals…
From…
Historia General de las Americas
“…unlike the Santiago uprisings of 1818 and 1824, or the Caracas uprising of 1826, the Lima mutiny of 1830 had been caused directly by the conflicts originated in the peninsula, and as the civil war in the motherland between absolutists and liberals began to expand through the country, the effect in the colonies was almost immediate…
“…the viceroyalty of Peru had been one of the most stable and richest in the aftermath of the south American revolutions of 1810-1820, but the government was as the Spanish authorities, divided between absolutists, liberals and even independentists, and as the Viceroy at Lima tried to figure out to which side Peru should be loyal, the people took the matter to the streets in the summer of 1830, occupying several parts of the capital between December of 1830 and January of 1831, interestingly enough, just as the anti-Spanish risings at Quito and La Paz were being quelled by the Peruvian armies…
“…matters in Caracas and Bogota were developing in a different direction, on the other hand, with massive uprisings forcing the Spanish forces to call Peru and Mexico for reinforcements, although the rebellions were surprisingly limited to the capitals, counting with little support from the countryside or any of the other major cities of Venezuela or Nueva Granada…”
......damn you
