People always tend to say that the butterfly effect of the Byzantine Empire would cause major butterflies over the course of several centuries. What I'd like to know is-what would these butterflies effect? The questions I present to you are below.
Suppose the Byzantine Empire has survived much longer than IOTL. It is now the 19th century. What is different? What different nations exist? How are the peoples of Europe and the world distributed? What are the major powers of the day? Have the Renaissance, Protestant Reformation, Enlightenment, or Industrial Revolution (or some kind of analogue to each) occurred yet? What technological advances have been made? How does the world economy work? How do people interact with one another? Anything else?