The eagle's left head

The forces of the despotate have been much more successful than the ones of Frederick, that should tip the balance of power in favor of Alexandros when peace comes.
That's... debatable. The despotate does have two advantages though in a relatively more centralized administration (keeping always in mind Sicily was among the most centralized administrations in the world in the mid-late 13th century but the Aragonese dynasty was used to different ro;e models) and in Philanthropenos what was arguably one of the best generals of his time.

The departure from OTL is significant: at this point in our history, the Angevins controlled Catania. Now, they have not even recovered Calabria. I guess that as in OTL, the Angevins stand alone: Jaime has departed and very few catalan galleys and Almogovars have been left behind. Paris has lost interest in Regno's affairs and soon they will be pre-occupied with Flanders. Charles is indebted and will soon have to destroy the muslim colony of Lucera in order to pay back a part of his debt to florentine moneylenders.

From Calabria Philanthropenos can raid the lowlands of Basilicata and might attempt to infiltrate with his light-armed troops the highlands of Potenza. @Lascaris have the Angevins recovered the island-fortress of Gallipoli?
I don't think I've mentioned anything about Catania, beyound Jaime leaving Sicily just as he left Sicily in OTL. But in Calabria Philanthropenos is holding out which is a definite difference from OTL.
Considering pilanthropenos could strike into Aquila and it'd be really interesting for lucera to keep a few mosques (or have them be turned into churches) as Charles' control over there is less than otl.
Leaving aside the balance of power, a Greek army with its core being ex Cretan rebels and veterans of the fighting Turkish ghazis in Asia Minor is not what you'd call... best suited to leaving any captured mosques in one piece...

In OTL at 1298 the Sicilians got the service of a genoese fleet under Corrado Doria. After Capo d'Orlando, Frederick tasked Doria with rebuilding the sicilian fleet, add genoese ghibelline galleys and go on the offensive at sea. At June 1300, Doria loaded much of Sicily's aristocracy in his galleys and sailed to the gulf of Naples. Di Lauria lacked the vast majority of his veteran catalan sailors and marines, but still managed to outmaneuver the Sicilians. Doria was a prudent commander and wanted to retreat in time, but some of the sicilian aristocrats did not want to lose face and urged him to attack. Now, having veteran imperial crews may change the internal power balance and end up with Doria having the wiggle room to act according to his judgement. Or no. Perhaps despite the Sicilians being more prudent, di Lauria still inflicts a painful defeat.

As I see it, the naval campaign is a win-win for Alexandros. Either the sicilian fleet is preserved or in a defeat a lot of the local nobility end up dead or captured.
That's in the future so I'll refrain from commenting. After all at the moment Venice and Genoa are at the middle of the war of Curzola.
Tbf best scenario is for Lauria to engage Doria's fleet first and incur significant casualties then Alexandros' fleet surprises Lauria's fleet and win the day.
Lauria is still the best admiral of the era. I would not be making bets on anyone surprising him...
 
Leaving aside the balance of power, a Greek army with its core being ex Cretan rebels and veterans of the fighting Turkish ghazis in Asia Minor is not what you'd call... best suited to leaving any captured mosques in one piece...
tbf true. I was thinking of the mosques being repurposed into churches and not being demolished.
Lauria is still the best admiral of the era. I would not be making bets on anyone surprising him...
I mean he can't account for everything like exactly when a fleet gets to him since he wouldn't know when and where they are exactly. Lauria may be able to change tack or understand that he's at a disadvantages/will lose but he can't know everything.
 
Part 18
Salerno, July 1299

The victorious Catalan-Angevin fleet begun loading the Neapolitan army for one more invasion of Sicily, now that the Sicilians had been defeated at sea. But as soon as the Neapolitan army was transported to Sicily, much to the shock of Robert and Philip of Anjou and Charles II, king Jaime declared that he had fulfilled his obligations by defeating the Sicilian fleet and now he could leave, the two princes with the support of Roger de Lauria could surely subdue Sicily by themselves without further Catalan aid. As soon as the army had been transported to Sicily, Jaime picked up his mother and his wife from Salerno and left for Aragon.

Messina, July 1299

The city had been on the verge of panic at the news of the defeat of Cape Orlando. And then the survivors of the Sicilian fleet, 30 Despotate galleys, a third of them Messinese and 21 from the rest of Sicily reached the port with both the kind and the despot aboard. Desperation turned to joy, despite the defeat not all was lost. And this in turn into grim determination and a desire for revenge when the news that Roger de Lauria had massacred the Messinese and Greek crews of the galleys he had captured in revenge for the execution of John Lauria spread in the city and the crews.

Falconaria, Sicily, December 1st, 1299

The landing of Angevin troops to Sicily had been followed by nearly thirty towns falling to the Angevins nearly all of them to treason. The most important of them had been Catania where Walter di Pantaleone and Virgilio Scordia, perhaps out of greed, perhaps weary of the support of Vatatzes for the lower classes and the Basilian order and his centralization of Eastern Sicily had risen up and delivered the city to the Angevins. But the army of Robert had nevertheless been stalled by Sicilian resistance. And thus reinforcements under his brother Philip of Taranto had been landed near Trapani and advanced to the interior. They had been met by Frederick and his lieutenant Blanco di Alagona at Falconaria and decisively defeated with Philip taken as prisoner while Robert's army trying to march west to join that of his brother had been held back by Vatatzes and on news of the defeat had retreated to Catania.

Gagliano, Sicily, February 1300

Following the defeat of Philip in Falconaria, Roger di Lauria had left for Naples to bring reinforcements while advising Robert of Anjou to remain holed up in Catania and avoid battle with the enemy. Robert had initially followed that advice but had grown inreasingly frustrated by it, particularly at news that Philantropenos army had been brought by Alexandros Vatatzes back to Sicily, where Philantropenos along with Alexandros had begun systematically reducing the towns taken by the Angevins one after the other, often enough with support from within the towns. Thus the offer of the castellan of Gagliano to surrender his force to the Angevins, supposedly because he did not want to continue serving a schismatic had proven very tempting, almost tempting enough to bring Robert out in person to take the castle. At the last moment a French force of 300 knights under Walther of Brienne had been sent instead only to be ambushed and destroyed by Philantropenos in a night attack, with Walther taken prisoner.

Calabria, April 1300

Alexios Philantropenos and his Cretans might had left Calabria but Alexandros Doukas Vatatzes had no intention of losing Calabria. If most of his army was needed in Sicily other means of securing the loyalty of Calabria were needed. And thus Ioannis Doukas Vatatzes fresh from victory in the siege of Syracuse had been sent to command in Calabria. And since his father knew better that let a twenty year old on his own in command of an army he had sent alone a former Templar knight turned mercenary captain to advise him and as second in command. Roger de Flor was of course excommunicated by the pope. But so was Alexandros...
 
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Considering Roger de Flor is there I'd think that Calabria is well fortified against the Naplese, and the there's a large chance Calabria holds by the end of the conflict which would be good for the Sicilians and bad for Charles ii.

After reading who he married and how things went (nine children's insane) unless Frederick marries another woman (or let's just say the wife dies in childbirth/all children are female) the chance that Frederick has no issue is not very plausible. But tbf I could see something like his grandson failing to rule and Alexandros' descendants taking the throne. Also as I've said before I could see Alexandros or his children taking Achaea.
 
Gagliano, Sicily, February 1300

Following the defeat of Philip in Falconaria, Roger di Lauria had left for Naples to bring reinforcements while advising Robert of Anjou to remain holed up in Catania and avoid battle with the enemy. Robert had initially followed that advice but had grown inreasingly frustrated by it, particularly at news that Philantropenos army had been brought by Alexandrow Vatatzes back to Sicily, where Philantropenos along with Alexandros had begun systematically reducing the towns taken by the Angevins one after the other, often enough with support from within the towns. Thus the offer of the castellan of Gagliano to surrender his force to the Angevins, supposedly because he did not want to continue serving a schismatic had proven very tempting, almost tempting enough to bring Robert out in person to take the castle. At the last moment a French force of 300 knights under Walther of Brienne had been sent instead only to be ambushed and destroyed by Philantropenos in a night attack, with Walther taken prisoner.
Walter V, Count of Brienne falling into the same trap ITTL and IOTL... Let's hope he doesn't become Duke of Athens ITTL.
 
At the last moment a French force of 300 knights under Walther of Brienne had been sent instead only to be ambushed and destroyed by Philantropenos in a night attack, with Walther taken prisoner
That's a very interesting detail. In OTL Brienne led 500 knights, 300 mercenary French and 200 Angevin. The lower number of TTL's foray might mean that the most successful sicilian war effort had led to a worse depletion of angevin forces.

Even though Lauria is winning at sea, the Sicilians have more galleys and veteran crews compareted to OTL summer 1299. Their situation in Sicily is more precarious to OTL. They hold Catania, but without Calabria, supplying is a major issue. If the angevin ships hug the coast of Calabria they will be subject in raids. If - in typical mediterranean naval fashion- stop to rest and make camp at a calabrian cove, they will be open to attacks by Ioannis and de Flor. By the time they brave the calabrian coast and are close to arrive to Catania, they will be exhausted since they will have to not only face corsairs, but to sail against the sirocco - the prevailing southern / south-eastern wind. I assume that there will be shipping in winter - they are reasonable men after all. At the same time, the crew at Syracuse and Augusta will be rested and will have the wind on their backs. Overall, a major effort will be needed to keep the Angevins supplied in Catania and possibly large squadrons will be needed.

If as in OTL Frederick rebuilds his fleet for an offensive against the Gulf of Naples, Lauria will have to choose: abandon Catania's garrison to its fate or protect the strategic islands of Naples and the valuable trade of the angevin seat of power. After all, he had used the same islands for commerce raiding very very successfully. Even if he defeats the frederickian or the despotic (hehe) fleet, it will be just a tactical victory and a strategic defeat.
 
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Really loving the story! You are amazing with the narration, both here and with "Lost Monkeys".
Thanks a lot for the good words. I hope I at least have here a prototype idea, as far as I can tell nothing similar has been tried in the past.

Walter V, Count of Brienne falling into the same trap ITTL and IOTL... Let's hope he doesn't become Duke of Athens ITTL.
Well he did fall for it did he not? :angel: Although from the reading the whole episode in Amari the French leaders at Catania were all practically chaffing at the bit to go and fall to the trap, it could just as easily have been Robert of Anjou falling into it. But that would be too convenient for Alexander.
That's a very interesting detail. In OTL Brienne led 500 knights, 300 mercenary French and 200 Angevin. The lower number of TTL's foray might mean that the most successful sicilian war effort had led to a worse depletion of angevin forces.
Or it might mean I misread Amari, either way that will remain vague. :angel:
Even though Lauria is winning at sea, the Sicilians have more galleys and veteran crews compareted to OTL summer 1299. Their situation in Sicily is more precarious to OTL. They hold Catania, but without Calabria, supplying is a major issue. If the angevin ships hug the coast of Calabria they will be subject in raids. If - in typical mediterranean naval fashion- stop to rest and make camp at a calabrian cove, they will be open to attacks by Ioannis and de Flor. By the time they brave the calabrian coast and are close to arrive to Catania, they will be exhausted since they will have to not only face corsairs, but to sail against the sirocco - the prevailing southern / south-eastern wind. I assume that there will be shipping in winter - they are reasonable men after all. At the same time, the crew at Syracuse and Augusta will be rested and will have the wind on their backs. Overall, a major effort will be needed to keep the Angevins supplied in Catania and possibly large squadrons will be needed.

If as in OTL Frederick rebuilds his fleet for an offensive against the Gulf of Naples, Lauria will have to choose: abandon Catania's garrison to its fate or protect the strategic islands of Naples and the valuable trade of the angevin seat of power. After all, he had used the same islands for commerce raiding very very successfully. Even if he defeats the frederickian or the despotic (hehe) fleet, it will be just a tactical victory and a strategic defeat.
Lauria has arguably taken more attrition than in OTL, 4 more galleys at Messina and a similar number at Cape Orlando, for what's worth not counting the Genoese he was down was down 4 galleys at Ponza compared to Cape Orlando, although the composition of his fleet was different given Aragonese involvement in the first battle, casualties were heavier TTL. On the other hand the Sicilians are markedly stronger, with 72 galleys at Cape Orlando thanks to the influx of Byzantine exiles....

Considering Roger de Flor is there I'd think that Calabria is well fortified against the Naplese,
Roger De Flor was certainly a colorful character. Now how good an idea is having him in close company with the younger Vatatzes...
and the there's a large chance Calabria holds by the end of the conflict which would be good for the Sicilians and bad for Charles ii.
The Angevin kingdom will not be unduly weakened even if it loses Calabria, to go by Sakellariou's "Southern Italy in the Late Middle Ages" its population in 1320 was ~131,000 people out of a total population of ~1,989,000. This is also another way of saying that Naples outweights all of Sicily by about two to one at the moment.
After reading who he married and how things went (nine children's insane) unless Frederick marries another woman (or let's just say the wife dies in childbirth/all children are female) the chance that Frederick has no issue is not very plausible. But tbf I could see something like his grandson failing to rule and Alexandros' descendants taking the throne. Also as I've said before I could see Alexandros or his children taking Achaea.
Technically Vatatzes has as good a claim as any to the purple but that's a discussion for another day...
 
Roger De Flor was certainly a colorful character. Now how good an idea is having him in close company with the younger Vatatzes...
hmm let's hope he doesn't go off and fight the ottomans.
The Angevin kingdom will not be unduly weakened even if it loses Calabria, to go by Sakellariou's "Southern Italy in the Late Middle Ages" its population in 1320 was ~131,000 people out of a total population of ~1,989,000. This is also another way of saying that Naples outweights all of Sicily by about two to one at the moment.
I mean it's always good for Sicily to hold more land?
Technically Vatatzes has as good a claim as any to the purple but that's a discussion for another day...
I mean yeah he can always pull on that to reconquer the Greek mainland, and having calabria and hopefully aquila puts him closer to Hellas.
 
I'm curious to see how Roger de Flor relationship with the Vatatzes despotate in Sicily will play out for the later events involving the Catalan company in Greece. Will he get some advice from Alexandros like how to avoid being assassinated by his dear cousin? Who knows...

Eastern Sicily, Calabria... Epirus maybe too ? Would Alexandros not happen to have a daughter for Despot Thomas to marry?
 
Also, being unfamiliar with Calabria particular geography, I'd like to know for reference what's the northernmost town the Despotate of Syracuse controls in Calabria.
 
Ι would also like to ask about the demographics in Apulia. Are there Greeks still there or not? I mean Bari was the last city to fall to the Normans. Although I don't see it falling due to being less geographically protected against mainland attacks.
 
So, about Epirus, being across the Ionian sea from the Despotate of Syracuse, and having its own 'complicated' relationship (or so I read) between the Angevins of Naples and Constantinople, I find a marital alliance with Vatatzes Sicily would be a possible if desirable marital alliance (and if Alexandros has a daughter, she would have about the same age as Thomas of Epirus I guess).
Not only it would dominate the lanes of the Ionian sea (what this entails for Venice I wonder though), but get Alexandros and his family a foot back in Greece, influence wise. It might be interesting to see how that would develop down the line when the Serbs then the Ottomans sweep across the region.
 
So, about Epirus, being across the Ionian sea from the Despotate of Syracuse, and having its own 'complicated' relationship (or so I read) between the Angevins of Naples and Constantinople, I find a marital alliance with Vatatzes Sicily would be a possible if desirable marital alliance (and if Alexandros has a daughter, she would have about the same age as Thomas of Epirus I guess).
Not only it would dominate the lanes of the Ionian sea (what this entails for Venice I wonder though), but get Alexandros and his family a foot back in Greece, influence wise. It might be interesting to see how that would develop down the line when the Serbs then the Ottomans sweep across the region.
If the vatatzes manages to take Achaea, Athens and Epirus as their holdings and stave off the Serbians and the ottomans they basically are a Syracuse based Greek state.

Or just at least take Achaea and slowly take the rest after everyone rampages through Greece.

I think the Greeks and Venetians could be allied if the Venetians respect the Greeks and not immediately try to crush them as soon as possible.
 
I think the Greeks and Venetians could be allied if the Venetians respect the Greeks and not immediately try to crush them as soon as possible.
Here if the Vatazes are smart they can play Genoa against Venice and keep a nice balance between them but of course this would be hard and it requires a lot of diplomatic skill. The fact that they also have to balance their power compared to the Kings of Sicily makes this even harder though.
 
Here if the Vatazes are smart they can play Genoa against Venice and keep a nice balance between them but of course this would be hard and it requires a lot of diplomatic skill. The fact that they also have to balance their power compared to the Kings of Sicily makes this even harder though.
Yeah I think they'd be the muscle behind the Sicilian throne and maybe take the throne themselves in the future a la unfortunate male deaths after Frederick's child takes the throne.
 
Yeah I think they'd be the muscle behind the Sicilian throne and maybe take the throne themselves in the future a la unfortunate male deaths after Frederick's child takes the throne.
Ι don't know if that would be so easy. Maybe the Aragonese will come back if the line of the king ends, or even the Angevins make a comeback with the help of the western Sicilian barons. If Vatazes wants the throne of Sicily he will have to fight both his title claimants and the barons that don't want him. I would argue that it would be better to take control of Achaea or Epirus or even both due to the orthodox populace rather than go for the throne of Sicily.
Going east has the implication that he could go under the Roman throne and create something really weird. Being both under Sicily and Constantinople for different territories just like the English kings under France but for two kingdoms. Maybe like Brandenburg really being under Poland in Prussia and under the HRE emperor on their main territories.
 
Ι don't know if that would be so easy. Maybe the Aragonese will come back if the line of the king ends, or even the Angevins make a comeback with the help of the western Sicilian barons. If Vatazes wants the throne of Sicily he will have to fight both his title claimants and the barons that don't want him. I would argue that it would be better to take control of Achaea or Epirus or even both due to the orthodox populace rather than go for the throne of Sicily.
Tbf I don't think whomever controls Sicily would have an easy time considering how important the area is. I could see the Vatatzes having to fight for their lands a lot of the time, and if Calabria doesn't fall I see it being given to the Vatatzes since they control the land.
Going east has the implication that he could go under the Roman throne and create something really weird. Being both under Sicily and Constantinople for different territories just like the English kings under France but for two kingdoms. Maybe like Brandenburg really being under Poland in Prussia and under the HRE emperor on their main territories.
I mean yeah that's how it'd work, but I think the Vatatzes would claim it as their birthright since their ancestors were the Emperors of the ERE.
 
Part 19
Catane, April 1300

Roger Lauria transported Angevin reinforcements to the army of Roberd of Anjou. Charles II had gone to extraordinary efforts to reinforce his son, recruiting Italian, French and with the help of Roger who had guaranteed their pay, Spanish mercenaries. It was a sign of his priorities that these professional troops had been brought to Sicily while only local feudal levies were used for the reconquest of Sicily. Then Rogers fleet left again for Naples.

Outside Catane, May 1300


A dozen Apulian galleys had tried to move supplies to Catane only to be overtaken by Vatatzes fleet of thirty galleys. Not a single Angevin ship would survive. Alexandros proceeded to blockade Catane from the sea while the army under Philanthropenos blockaded the city from the land. Unless the blockade was lifted soon, Robert would have to act or face starvation.

Ponza, Gulf of Gaeta, June 14th 1300

Twenty-six Sicilian galleys, had ventured north under his Genoese admiral Conrad Doria, despite Vatatzes calls to instead concentrate the entire Sicilian fleet in the blockade of Catane. Frederick had refused to take Alexandros advice. The despot had in turn ignored the king and continued the blockade instead of venturing with the rest of the Sicilian fleet north, ignoring insults by many Sicilian nobles that he was afraid to do so. The Sicilian operation appeared to go well when the Sicilian fleet managed to blockade Roger De Lauria who initially refused to give battle. Why he was doing so was made clear when the reinforcement's Lauria was waiting for, seven Guelph Genoese galleys, joined his fleet and Lauria now in command of forty galleys attacked. The ensuing battle would be a disaster for Sicilian arms, with only a single ship managing to escape.

Off Catane, July 1300


Alexandros Vatatzes mouthed a curse at the sight of Lauria's fleet. He, unlike the noble idiots at Ponza had no intention of taking on a superior force. The Despotate fleet would retire to Syracuse. Lauria was welcome to try his luck against what the best Byzantine engineers the silver of Val d'Argento could buy had spent the last two decades preparing. Lauria would indeed refrain from attacking, raiding around the Sicilian coast with limited effect instead.

Scoglitti, Camerina, July 1301


The past twelve months had not brought much change to fortunes of the war. The sea remained in Angevin hands, with Vatatzes keeping his fleet at Syracuse, but Lauria's raids while damaging had failed to bring any permanent gains. On land Robert's army had made no headway beyond Catania under the constant harassment of Philanthropenos soldiers. In Calabria the feudal levies sent by Charles II had proven no match against Ioannis Vatatzes and Roger de Flor's Calabrian troops and neither had bribes and treason. Calabria had itself been a source of professional troops and these were by now serving for nearly two decades house Vatatzes. The local Greek population had every reason to prefer Vatatzes and by now the sentiment was shared by the majority of their Lombard neighbors. The old nobles might have different opinions but after two decades of war most were either dead or in exile in Naples. Thus Robert and Roger had decided on one more naval demonstration with the fleet sailing south from Catania. They had launched an abortive attack at Syracuse before proceeding further south. And there disaster had struck when a gale, unexpected in the middle of summer had caught the Angevin fleet destroying 22 galleys. Survivors making it ashore would for the most part either perish or get captured as they tried to reach Catane.

Ortygia, Syracuse, July 1301


Alexandros Doukas Vatatzes raised the flag with the golden two headed eagle in his flagship as he led his fleet out of Syracuse. If providence had destroyed the best part of Lauria's fleet he was not going the let the other half get away. He had set sail with every single ship that could be manned, additionally boarding part of his army as marines...
 
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