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The sacred rock holds religious significance not only for Muslims, but for other religions as well. For instance, Christians and Jews during the Middle Ages believed that this was the site of the Temple of Solomon . Thus, during the Crusades, the Knights Templars had their headquarters at the Dome of the Rock, and their churches in Europe imitated its design. As for the Jews, this was believed to be the first part of the earth to come into existence, and it was from this sacred rock that the world was created. As this was regarded to be the center of the world, it became the spot where the Holy of Holies stood.

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Source: https://www.ancient-origins.net/history-ancient-traditions/dome-rock-0010986
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