Chapter 705: From Naso (National Socialism) to Namo (National Monarchism)
The most common misconception about National Monarchism/ Fascist Royalism/ and Aristrocratic Syndicalism is the fact that Fascism and Nationalism evolved out of Aristocratic Royalism and Monarchism, not the other way around. Fascism and Nationalism meanwhile similar to Communism were born out of the Syndicalist ideal that arose during the great societal, economic, industrial ethnic and religious changes of the Industrial Revolution. Therefore National Monarchism (Namo) can bee seen as the answer of the Aristocrat ruling class to those changes and revolutions against their rule and established system of state. Beginning with Benito Mussolini the inventor of Fascism and his National Fascist Party in the Kingdom of Italy who outlined the spirit and driving force of fascism, but Mussolini himself had stated that it was more style then substance, that it was unity and action rather then any specific points or party program, clarifying that the only true program the Fascist had was to smash the head of the socialists. Many said this was Mussolini himself was inconsistent, doing whatever fit his goals and hopping to any possible change handed to him, similar to Hitler. Action and outcome to them was more important to them then a certain political dogma that could work today but fail tomorrow. In short it meant that a state and therefore it*'s leadership had to be able to adapt to the situation around it, instead of sticking to a specific political dogma. No specific promises, but a broad vision and what it would take to get there should in their ideals lead a nation forward. The trial and error method where something is done, as long as nothing new could do the job better. Strenght in unity and national symbols was a important core principle to the Fascists, action rather then talking to forge their legal existence, do what had to be done and not limit themselves or their work in any way or form. The state re-envisioned as a machine after the industrial revolution had to run, and the single citizen was just a small gear that could be replaced at any time. Partly these fascists and nationalists used almost religious terms and had a rather spiritual movement as well as a political one to regain the national sense of pride and strength. To preserve their culture and glorify their national unity by including the church in the new state (even if some fascists and nationalists had wished to rather replace it). The fact that the Holy See accepted such treaties was huge news back then and there the main similarities of the fascist nationalist and royal monarchists can be seen, both viewed state and church as tools to further legitimate their own rule and increase their power. Their original opposition of the royal rule soon faded away, not only by Mussolini, who started to back the monarchy as a symbol of national strength and unity. Many fascists and nationalist were supportive to the monarchy in public, but disliked it privately, seeing it as a tool to gain more supporters and own legitimacy only.
Fascist and Nationalist groups and parties therefore had many supporters of aristocratic monarchies and royal ruling classes. These often emphasized more on the unique histories and cultures of the people of their nation, sometimes even their dominant religion, tending to preserve traditional values and often but not always opposing democracy, liberalism and many if not all civil rights that could damage or endanger the national cohesion. Religion often is used as another unifying source and supported as long as it doesn't oppose or contest their own authority and control of power. Unity and the greater good and glory of a nation were their called goals and ideals, meaning that this goals of unity often included control of the economy, the means of production by regulations, restrictions and state guidance, even if said control was not as complete as under the planned economy of the Socialists, Communists and Bolshevist. Their goal was to unify ownership and labor as another means to unite the nation, thereby organizing the economy around industry, forcing both workers and owners to unite behind their industrial codes in the form of corporations, national syndicates, trade unions or others. The economy would remain private, but controlled and guided by the state and therefore national interests and economic independence. It was both a opposition of international finance and borrowing and lending, opposing Capitalism and Communism alike. Outright expansionist wars o imperial aggression were viewed as acceptable by both groups as long as they brought prestige and glory to the state and his rulers and increased their benevolent rule to new territory. However not all National Monarchist or Fascist Royalist states outright attacked their neighbors and expanded into other states and regional territory. Race and racism wasn't a primary concern even if some unwanted ethnic or social groups were sent to penal colonies or fare away from the home, mother and core lands of some of their core territory. Most of them emphases on putting their own people first but made no distinction between race or nationality, rather viewing any loyal subject of their Kings and Emperors as a full citizens. That was mainly because most of these royal monarchies already had a core center of a national ethnic and little to no other races or nationalities inside their governed border regions of their main core empire.
The Netherland Nsb as a example supported the Dutch Empire and were themselves supported by a large number of mixed race people who lived in the Dutch East Indies. For the fascist-nationalists as well as the royal monarchists there was no greater ideological enemy then the internationalists of the communist countries. Because many Jews had been part of the Communist takeover of Russia and others were in the leadership of communist movements like Bela Kun in Hungary, Rosa Luxembourg and the Frankfurt School in Germany, Ludovic-Oscar Frossard in France, Jacques de Kadt in the Netherlands, Ruth Fischer in Austria or Max Goldstein in Romania, other Jews and Jewish groups strongly opposed Communism and Bolshevism, especial after anti-Semitism rose in the Soviet Union too once again under Stalin. Therefore many Jews supported the new National Monarchist and Fascist Royalist movements. This was one of the main reason why most of these regimes still deported their Jewish populations to the Kingdom of Ruthenia or the Jewish Ottoman province of Judea during or after the Second Great War, as they hoped getting rid of such remaining minority groups would further increase their national unity and stability. Some of this opposing ideals and feelings towards each other came from the entrancement of Christianity or Mohammedanism in National Monarchist or Fascist Royalist Ideologies, while at the same time all other religions were opposed as dangerous to the royal nation state and it's unity. Kurt von Schuschnigg helped restore the Habsburg Monarchy with a Catholic State as a more unifying element of their multicultural, multinational royal state. Others like General Ioannis Metaxas were strong royalists already and supported their local Kings and monarchies. Others like the Romanian Iron Guard of Corneliu Zelea Codreanu supported their King Carol II. In Yugoslawia Serbian monarchism and nationalism rose when they were annexed by Austria-Hungary, while the Ustaša of Ante Pavelić supported their own catholic, national monarchist state and kingdom within the Austrian-Hungarian Empire. In Belgium nationalist, coprospist and Catholic renewal groups split between the NSB and the Rexist into a French and Dutch (German) part, but were otherwise not outright racist. The NSB were even split between the followers of Queen Wilhelmina royal government in exile and the new German King.
The British Royal Monarchist Union of Fascist had a similar approach “For King and Country” under Oswald Mosley, wishing to replace the house of lords by a Chamber of Corporations, only later combining both ideas to a new British Empire were the monarchy was restored stronger then ever before. The same was true for France, were the Action supported nationalism, Catholicism, monarchy and integralism, were corporatism was a part of society and were highly suspicious of Jews, Masons, Protestants, Marxists, Socialists, Communists and other leftist elements. They too were split between the Orleonists (the most French faction), the Bourbon (who had claims on the Spanish throne as well but were opposed by the Germans) and the Bonapartists who were later installed as the new ruling monarchy once again. They were opposing of most things post-Revolution and wished the Kingdom and Empire of the French to be restored to absolute power. The Orleonists meanwhile favored capitalism, free markets and other ideas opposed by the French Action, one of the reasons why they were not chosen in the end. It also showed that various royal, monarchic groups were so opposed of one another, that they themselves were another form of separation instead of unity to the nation. At the same time the Catholic Church had a troubling relationship with National Monarchist Movements in Italy, France and Spain, as some of them outright opposed Church authority and influence, while others wished to replace it with their own national churches. In Portugal Antonio de Oliveira Salazar supported a corporatist, nationalist and catholic state, proud of Portugese history and later restored the monarchy by inciting the royal family back to Lisbon. The laws banning the Portuguese Royal Family from the country were ended and Duarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza was crowned King Duarte II of Portugal supported by the National Union Party, creating a parliamentarian monarchy that fought against independent, partly socialist and communist, as well as coprospist rebels in it's African colonies. Some fascist and nationalist groups had been pro-monarchistic, others were at least been open to the idea, on the condition that doing so would not oppose their own political efforts and vice versa. Nationalism was simply out another form of tribalism, were traditionally a chieftain ruled as a hereditary leader of his people and the story of their bloodlines and their people were greatly interlinked together.
In the end national unity, putting the own people and nation first, traditional values, self-interest policy opposed multi-party democracy and corporatism who seamed to be clashing ideas against a traditional authority. To them liberal state was a facade, a mask lacking any face behind and in opposition to that the monarchistic, royal state was not only a face (quit literally), but also a heaven for all citizens and classes, unlike the democracy or Bolshevism, where the simply minority of a certain party or class would rule the rest of the nation. No the goal of National Monarchism and Fascist Royalism was no such totalitarian state dictatorship, but a authoritarian state that would look after all classes and citizens equally, not favoring or oppressing any world view, but supporting the people, the nation of the state as a whole as he and his royal line represented it and gained legitimacy and power from it. A monarch could not dare to oppress or destroy his people, as without them he would be king of nothing, that was the lesson the french revolution and the industrial revolution had thought the National Monarchists and Fascist Royalists, that was what had transformed and shaped them themselves. Therefore monarchism and traditional authority preserved stability and fairness, no matter with or without political parties, as the economical and societal changes since the two major revolutions had ensured that liberalism and at least somewhat private economics were one of the pillars upon which a strong monarchy was established. It could not hope or believe to oppose anything that gave hope and betterment to the masses and the protection of the nation and the people that was coming along with this ,was in the eyes of National Monarchists/ Fascist Royalists a natural mechanism and survival guarantee for the future.
The most common misconception about National Monarchism/ Fascist Royalism/ and Aristrocratic Syndicalism is the fact that Fascism and Nationalism evolved out of Aristocratic Royalism and Monarchism, not the other way around. Fascism and Nationalism meanwhile similar to Communism were born out of the Syndicalist ideal that arose during the great societal, economic, industrial ethnic and religious changes of the Industrial Revolution. Therefore National Monarchism (Namo) can bee seen as the answer of the Aristocrat ruling class to those changes and revolutions against their rule and established system of state. Beginning with Benito Mussolini the inventor of Fascism and his National Fascist Party in the Kingdom of Italy who outlined the spirit and driving force of fascism, but Mussolini himself had stated that it was more style then substance, that it was unity and action rather then any specific points or party program, clarifying that the only true program the Fascist had was to smash the head of the socialists. Many said this was Mussolini himself was inconsistent, doing whatever fit his goals and hopping to any possible change handed to him, similar to Hitler. Action and outcome to them was more important to them then a certain political dogma that could work today but fail tomorrow. In short it meant that a state and therefore it*'s leadership had to be able to adapt to the situation around it, instead of sticking to a specific political dogma. No specific promises, but a broad vision and what it would take to get there should in their ideals lead a nation forward. The trial and error method where something is done, as long as nothing new could do the job better. Strenght in unity and national symbols was a important core principle to the Fascists, action rather then talking to forge their legal existence, do what had to be done and not limit themselves or their work in any way or form. The state re-envisioned as a machine after the industrial revolution had to run, and the single citizen was just a small gear that could be replaced at any time. Partly these fascists and nationalists used almost religious terms and had a rather spiritual movement as well as a political one to regain the national sense of pride and strength. To preserve their culture and glorify their national unity by including the church in the new state (even if some fascists and nationalists had wished to rather replace it). The fact that the Holy See accepted such treaties was huge news back then and there the main similarities of the fascist nationalist and royal monarchists can be seen, both viewed state and church as tools to further legitimate their own rule and increase their power. Their original opposition of the royal rule soon faded away, not only by Mussolini, who started to back the monarchy as a symbol of national strength and unity. Many fascists and nationalist were supportive to the monarchy in public, but disliked it privately, seeing it as a tool to gain more supporters and own legitimacy only.
Fascist and Nationalist groups and parties therefore had many supporters of aristocratic monarchies and royal ruling classes. These often emphasized more on the unique histories and cultures of the people of their nation, sometimes even their dominant religion, tending to preserve traditional values and often but not always opposing democracy, liberalism and many if not all civil rights that could damage or endanger the national cohesion. Religion often is used as another unifying source and supported as long as it doesn't oppose or contest their own authority and control of power. Unity and the greater good and glory of a nation were their called goals and ideals, meaning that this goals of unity often included control of the economy, the means of production by regulations, restrictions and state guidance, even if said control was not as complete as under the planned economy of the Socialists, Communists and Bolshevist. Their goal was to unify ownership and labor as another means to unite the nation, thereby organizing the economy around industry, forcing both workers and owners to unite behind their industrial codes in the form of corporations, national syndicates, trade unions or others. The economy would remain private, but controlled and guided by the state and therefore national interests and economic independence. It was both a opposition of international finance and borrowing and lending, opposing Capitalism and Communism alike. Outright expansionist wars o imperial aggression were viewed as acceptable by both groups as long as they brought prestige and glory to the state and his rulers and increased their benevolent rule to new territory. However not all National Monarchist or Fascist Royalist states outright attacked their neighbors and expanded into other states and regional territory. Race and racism wasn't a primary concern even if some unwanted ethnic or social groups were sent to penal colonies or fare away from the home, mother and core lands of some of their core territory. Most of them emphases on putting their own people first but made no distinction between race or nationality, rather viewing any loyal subject of their Kings and Emperors as a full citizens. That was mainly because most of these royal monarchies already had a core center of a national ethnic and little to no other races or nationalities inside their governed border regions of their main core empire.
The Netherland Nsb as a example supported the Dutch Empire and were themselves supported by a large number of mixed race people who lived in the Dutch East Indies. For the fascist-nationalists as well as the royal monarchists there was no greater ideological enemy then the internationalists of the communist countries. Because many Jews had been part of the Communist takeover of Russia and others were in the leadership of communist movements like Bela Kun in Hungary, Rosa Luxembourg and the Frankfurt School in Germany, Ludovic-Oscar Frossard in France, Jacques de Kadt in the Netherlands, Ruth Fischer in Austria or Max Goldstein in Romania, other Jews and Jewish groups strongly opposed Communism and Bolshevism, especial after anti-Semitism rose in the Soviet Union too once again under Stalin. Therefore many Jews supported the new National Monarchist and Fascist Royalist movements. This was one of the main reason why most of these regimes still deported their Jewish populations to the Kingdom of Ruthenia or the Jewish Ottoman province of Judea during or after the Second Great War, as they hoped getting rid of such remaining minority groups would further increase their national unity and stability. Some of this opposing ideals and feelings towards each other came from the entrancement of Christianity or Mohammedanism in National Monarchist or Fascist Royalist Ideologies, while at the same time all other religions were opposed as dangerous to the royal nation state and it's unity. Kurt von Schuschnigg helped restore the Habsburg Monarchy with a Catholic State as a more unifying element of their multicultural, multinational royal state. Others like General Ioannis Metaxas were strong royalists already and supported their local Kings and monarchies. Others like the Romanian Iron Guard of Corneliu Zelea Codreanu supported their King Carol II. In Yugoslawia Serbian monarchism and nationalism rose when they were annexed by Austria-Hungary, while the Ustaša of Ante Pavelić supported their own catholic, national monarchist state and kingdom within the Austrian-Hungarian Empire. In Belgium nationalist, coprospist and Catholic renewal groups split between the NSB and the Rexist into a French and Dutch (German) part, but were otherwise not outright racist. The NSB were even split between the followers of Queen Wilhelmina royal government in exile and the new German King.
The British Royal Monarchist Union of Fascist had a similar approach “For King and Country” under Oswald Mosley, wishing to replace the house of lords by a Chamber of Corporations, only later combining both ideas to a new British Empire were the monarchy was restored stronger then ever before. The same was true for France, were the Action supported nationalism, Catholicism, monarchy and integralism, were corporatism was a part of society and were highly suspicious of Jews, Masons, Protestants, Marxists, Socialists, Communists and other leftist elements. They too were split between the Orleonists (the most French faction), the Bourbon (who had claims on the Spanish throne as well but were opposed by the Germans) and the Bonapartists who were later installed as the new ruling monarchy once again. They were opposing of most things post-Revolution and wished the Kingdom and Empire of the French to be restored to absolute power. The Orleonists meanwhile favored capitalism, free markets and other ideas opposed by the French Action, one of the reasons why they were not chosen in the end. It also showed that various royal, monarchic groups were so opposed of one another, that they themselves were another form of separation instead of unity to the nation. At the same time the Catholic Church had a troubling relationship with National Monarchist Movements in Italy, France and Spain, as some of them outright opposed Church authority and influence, while others wished to replace it with their own national churches. In Portugal Antonio de Oliveira Salazar supported a corporatist, nationalist and catholic state, proud of Portugese history and later restored the monarchy by inciting the royal family back to Lisbon. The laws banning the Portuguese Royal Family from the country were ended and Duarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza was crowned King Duarte II of Portugal supported by the National Union Party, creating a parliamentarian monarchy that fought against independent, partly socialist and communist, as well as coprospist rebels in it's African colonies. Some fascist and nationalist groups had been pro-monarchistic, others were at least been open to the idea, on the condition that doing so would not oppose their own political efforts and vice versa. Nationalism was simply out another form of tribalism, were traditionally a chieftain ruled as a hereditary leader of his people and the story of their bloodlines and their people were greatly interlinked together.
In the end national unity, putting the own people and nation first, traditional values, self-interest policy opposed multi-party democracy and corporatism who seamed to be clashing ideas against a traditional authority. To them liberal state was a facade, a mask lacking any face behind and in opposition to that the monarchistic, royal state was not only a face (quit literally), but also a heaven for all citizens and classes, unlike the democracy or Bolshevism, where the simply minority of a certain party or class would rule the rest of the nation. No the goal of National Monarchism and Fascist Royalism was no such totalitarian state dictatorship, but a authoritarian state that would look after all classes and citizens equally, not favoring or oppressing any world view, but supporting the people, the nation of the state as a whole as he and his royal line represented it and gained legitimacy and power from it. A monarch could not dare to oppress or destroy his people, as without them he would be king of nothing, that was the lesson the french revolution and the industrial revolution had thought the National Monarchists and Fascist Royalists, that was what had transformed and shaped them themselves. Therefore monarchism and traditional authority preserved stability and fairness, no matter with or without political parties, as the economical and societal changes since the two major revolutions had ensured that liberalism and at least somewhat private economics were one of the pillars upon which a strong monarchy was established. It could not hope or believe to oppose anything that gave hope and betterment to the masses and the protection of the nation and the people that was coming along with this ,was in the eyes of National Monarchists/ Fascist Royalists a natural mechanism and survival guarantee for the future.