Chapter 358: Uniforms, Ranks, Tactics and Strategy of the Imperial Chosen Navy
Chapter 358: Uniforms, Ranks, Tactics and Strategy of the Imperial Chosen Navy:
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The Imperial Chosen Navy (ICN) of the Empire of Chosen, a member state of the Co-Prosperity Sphere was mainly crewed with Koreans, often ones who had before been served in the Imperial Japanese Navy. In 1942 the ICN had 2 Battleships planned or under construction, one as the future flagship of their navy. The rest of the ICN was made up by 4 Heavy Cruisers, with 4 more planned or under construction, 20 Light Cruisers, with 10 more planned and under construction, 40 Destroyers, with 60 more planned or under construction, as well as 20 patrol ships, gunboats, armed merchant ships, and submarine chasers, with 10 more planned or under construction. Together with a Regiment of Marines, 80 first line Naval Aircraft with 20 trainers. 200 Fighters, 40 Land-based twin engine bombers, 60 Seaplanes and flying boats, the ICN's main objective was to secure the coast of Chosen from enemy invasions, as well as the trade routes near the coast and to Japan, Manchuria, Yankoku and National Han China from enemy raiding ships and submarines. This included the Imperial Chosen Merchant Fleet made up by 200 ships, with additional 100 more planned or under construction. Most of this ships and airplanes were of original Imperial Japanese origin and often even still used Japanese Officers and Captains during the majority of the Second Great War.

The Uniforms of the ICN were directly modelled after the Imperial Japanese Ones, but the color sheme of their blue elements was more in the dark purple color sheme of the Imperial Chosen Flag (the Ying). In the new Chosen Empire, this Ying part of the flag and the Kam (Water) and Kon (Earth) sign it pointed from represented the new Imperial Chosen Navy and the west, south and east coasts and shores of the new “independent” member State of the Co-Prosperity Sphere, it protected. Because of this more defensive goals of the ICN, many of it's Chosen Captains while being experts in green water (coastal waters, ports and harbors), brown water (navigable rivers and their estuaries), as well as excellent fleet protectors, submarine hunters, cruiser and destroyer commanders, blockade runners, mine sweepers and mine layers, as well as very familiar with the Yellow Sea (additional known as Western Chosen Sea, Yankoku Sea, or Western Manchurian Sea), the East China Sea (or Han China Sea), the Sea of Japan (also called Eastern Chosen Sea) and the Chosen Strait (additional also known as the Tsushima Strait), were quit unfit for operations in blue water (better known as the open ocean). Far fetched campaigns in the South or East Pacific were therefore not often accompanied by Chosen Ships, even if some operated inside the Sea of Okhotsk (later known as the North Japanese Sea, or Eastern Manchurian Sea) during the Second Great War. Most of this operations involved intercepting Allied Convoys heading to the Soviet Union, or guarding Japanese Convoys in the region. However the ICN established a large naval and air base on Jeju with coastal fortifications and gun. Similar to the rivalry between the Imperial Japanese Army and Navy, the Imperial Chosen Army and Navy argued wich one of these armed forces would primarily secure harbors, coastal towns as well as the Yalu River and Tumen River to the north. The two rivers in the north also were the reason why larger ICN forces guarded the northern border with riverboats and fortified harbors and outposts alongside the Imperial Chosen Army.
 
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After the War, Canada had the world's fourth largest air force, and fifth largest navy.

Uh... no? If Canada had the world's fourth largest air force at the end of the war, it would have to be bigger than one of the four major powers- the British, American, Japanese, and German air forces, as well as definitely bigger than the air forces of any of the secondary powers- the Imperial Russians, the French Royalists, and the Italians. The only real way that could happen is if the Italians (and probably the French and Russians too) start drinking lead paint and decide to just stop building aircraft (unlikely), while the Germans also destroy the RAF in a second Battle of Britain (due to the presence of the USAAF and RCAF also improbable).

And if Canada had the fifth largest navy at the end of the war, the Canadian navy would have to have more tonnage than each but one of the Han Chinese, Yankoku, Chosen, Taikoku, Thai, Korean, Nuigini, Sumatran, Filipino, Italian, French, and German navies (assuming that the Royal Navy, Imperial Japanese Navy, and United States Navies are larger- which they almost definitely would be). And how likely is that to happen, given that the Thai navy started with six battleships, twenty-six cruisers, and twenty-seven destroyers and the Han Chinese began with ONE HUNDRED cruisers and sixty destroyers, while the Canadian navy would most likely be concentrated into small frigates, corvettes, sloops and submarine chasers given its primary role in anti-submarine warfare.

It would be more realistic if Canada at the end of the war had maybe the sixth or seventh largest air force, given Canada's small population and industrial output compared to the bigger Axis Central Powers, and maybe the tenth or twelfth largest navy given the enormous Co-Prosperity Sphere fleets.
 
Uh... no? If Canada had the world's fourth largest air force at the end of the war, it would have to be bigger than one of the four major powers- the British, American, Japanese, and German air forces, as well as definitely bigger than the air forces of any of the secondary powers- the Imperial Russians, the French Royalists, and the Italians. The only real way that could happen is if the Italians (and probably the French and Russians too) start drinking lead paint and decide to just stop building aircraft (unlikely), while the Germans also destroy the RAF in a second Battle of Britain (due to the presence of the USAAF and RCAF also improbable).

And if Canada had the fifth largest navy at the end of the war, the Canadian navy would have to have more tonnage than each but one of the Han Chinese, Yankoku, Chosen, Taikoku, Thai, Korean, Nuigini, Sumatran, Filipino, Italian, French, and German navies (assuming that the Royal Navy, Imperial Japanese Navy, and United States Navies are larger- which they almost definitely would be). And how likely is that to happen, given that the Thai navy started with six battleships, twenty-six cruisers, and twenty-seven destroyers and the Han Chinese began with ONE HUNDRED cruisers and sixty destroyers, while the Canadian navy would most likely be concentrated into small frigates, corvettes, sloops and submarine chasers given its primary role in anti-submarine warfare.

It would be more realistic if Canada at the end of the war had maybe the sixth or seventh largest air force, given Canada's small population and industrial output compared to the bigger Axis Central Powers, and maybe the tenth or twelfth largest navy given the enormous Co-Prosperity Sphere fleets.

Uh ... yes. ;D Since TTL there are only 2 or rather 2,5 Superpowers left; 1. German ACP, 2. Japanese C-PS and Great Britain and it's Empire (the half superpower, not just continentel hegemonial, but also not the world power it once was).

C-PS Navies counted as one alone (as it is more a empire like Britain or the Union of Soviet States then a alliance, even mroe so after the war, even if it will have internal crisis and competition like Han China - Yankoku - Japan - Taikoko and others in reguards of trade, economy and industry, unlike the British Dominians that partly break free or get totally absorbed into the Empire later on, where Japanese becomes the major trade language, the Yen a global currency and the local form of OTL Euro for East and South Asia), most C-PS ships are by then still manned with mostly Japanese officers and captains, too. The majority of french Naval forces remain split or get destroyed during the war. The US have around 768 ships OTL and even with losses will remain a large fleet (large enoug to counter invasions), but in the end they split up in various American states and every single one get's only a part. Parts of the French Navy go to Germany a as further reparations (and they prefer that instead of industries or ressources getting transported into Germany, as they also then have a much, much smaller Colonial Empire 1/3 less territory and even much fewer colonial population). The Fascist and Free French have around 180-200 ships then combined the rest lost in combat during the war. Same goes for the Russia/ Soviet fleets have had a major fleet before the war (and hat 962 ships OTL), but with the ACP conquest of the Baltic and Black See as well as control of the only ways out of there and the Japanese annihilating the Soviet Far East Fleet, there is not much left of it and what remains (around 358 ships of all sizes, battleships to motor boats). Most Russian harbors and yards are also damaged from the war, so rebuilding own ships will for a while at least heavily depend on other ACP build, Russian ordered ships (and they clearly will focus on themselves, before Russia for obvious reasons- one being that Tsarist Russia is much more a continental then a naval power with it's new borders after the Second Great War. Italy's Navy while large, is also quiet outdated and old, even if they manage to keep around 250-300 ships TTL. The Dutch Navy by then is either at the bottom of the sea, or integrated in other ACP or Allied Forces. Canada TTL, much like OTL will have around 375-400 combat ships at the end of the war and over 600-900+ vessels in total. This btw also includes civil ships. Even the Portugese Navy and other smaller nations during that time is not that big.

So the Naval Ranking of 1945-50 TTL will be:
1. Japanese C-PS
2. Royal Navy and Commonwealth Forces
3. Imperial German Navy
4. America (as well as later Northern/ Yankee/ Union American Remnant State)
5. Canada as a single nation
6. Russia/ Soviet Remnants
7. Italy
8. - 10. Spain/ Portugal and other "minor" states.

Same goes for Air Force, as Canada trained many Allied Pilots safely away from the war and supplied the Allies with 14,000 aircraft and had a own air force of 260,000 members (that is as a reminder 1/10 of Great Britain/Commonwealth, as Canada produced 1,460 airmen every four weeks). 1 million Canadians served out of a population of 11 and 12 million, making Canada one of the most militarised and war industrial nations after the Second Great War (OTL and even more so TTL). Sure Germany, Great Britain/Commonwealth, Japan and US outproduce Canada by far, but America unlike OTL does not remain highly militarized for a Cold War, but instead abandens most of it's forces during or after the Second Great Depression and Second American Civil War, because the debt skyrocked when the Allies "loose" the war and some nations like Great Britain outright refuse to pay back American interests or to give back land lease when America stepped them in the back and left them in 44/45. Therefore America and other former Allied nations either shrink their forces, or sell them to third parties (smaller new independent states, former allies and enemies) to get more cash for the crippling economy.
 
Well for once there was the plan to Italize Liby, but as many fascist/ nazi plans taking and holding onto these regions was mostly about prestige and becoming a greater power territorial. This game changes once oil is exploided greatly in Libya, but until then both regions also play a major role in the shortest route from Asia/ India to Europe by ship trought Egypt/ Suez, so there can be some economic and trade benefits from it. Also dominating the Med makes Italy a important ACP member state in reguards of overall North Africa (including trade and security in the region).

Thanks for reply. What tangible benefit that Italy would have got other than prestige or regional power. Maintaining regional power needs resources and Italy needed exactly that. Do not get me wrong. Securing Malta and central Med Sea help the flow of trade and lines of communications but could that aim be achieved at a lower cost than war against the GB?
 
Thanks for reply. What tangible benefit that Italy would have got other than prestige or regional power. Maintaining regional power needs resources and Italy needed exactly that. Do not get me wrong. Securing Malta and central Med Sea help the flow of trade and lines of communications but could that aim be achieved at a lower cost than war against the GB?
Most likely, if Italy remained neutral and had pulled a Franco, things could have gone better in the Cold War when USA/GB needed them against the Reds.
 
Chapter 359: The Boy's of the Irish Brigade
Chapter 359: The Boy's of the Irish Brigade:
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The Irish Brigade was formed by Eoin O'Duffy (Irish: Eoin Ó Dubhthaigh; born Owen Duffy on 28 January 1890) a Irish nationalist political activist, soldier, police commissioner and later politican. He was the leader of the Monaghan Brigade of the Irish Republican Army (IRA) and a prominent figure in the Ulster IRA during the Irish War of Independence. In this capacity he became Chief of Staff of the IRA in 1922. He was one of the Irish republicans who along with Michael Collins accepted the Anglo-Irish Treaty and fought as a General in the Irish Civil War on the pro-Treaty side. O'Duffy became the second Commissioner of the Garda Síochána, the police force of the new Irish Free State, after the Civic Guard Mutiny and the subsequent resignation of Michael Staines. He had been an early member of Sinn Féin, founded by Arthur Griffith. He was elected as a Teachta Dála (TD) for Monaghan, his home county, during the 1921 election. After a split in 1923 he became associated with Cumann na nGaedheal and led the movement known as the Blueshirts. After the merger of various pro-Treaty factions under the banner of Fine Gael, O'Duffy was the party leader for a short time. As a anti-communist, O'Duffy was attracted to various anti-communist movements on the continent. He raised the Irish Brigade to fight for Francisco Franco's National Monarchists during the Spanish Civil War as an act of Catholic solidarity and was inspired by Benito Mussolini's Italy to found the National Corporate Party. During the Second Great War, he offered to the German Empire the prospect of raising an Irish Brigade to participate in the fight against the Soviet Union, a offer the Imperial German Army greatfully accepted.
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He then formed a unit out of Roman Catholics, many of whom had previously organised the banned quasi-fascist Blueshirts and openly fascist royalis Greenshirts in Ireland. Despite the declaration by the Irish government that participation in the Spanish Civil Ws was unwelcome and ill-advised, 700 of O'Duffy's followers went to Spain. They saw their primary role in Spain as fighting for the Roman Catholic Church, which had come under attack by the Red Terror from Republicans, Socialists and Communists. They also saw many religious and historical parallels in the two nations, and hoped to prevent communism gaining ground in Spain. So the Irish Brigade (Spanish: Brigada Irlandesa, German: Irische Brigade, "Irish Brigade" Irish: Briogáid na hÉireann) was created and fought on the Nationalist Monarchist side of Francisco Franco during the Spanish Civil War.
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With the rise of the German Empire and the Axis Central Powers in Europe, O'Duffy an his fellowers went to Germany and recruited more Irish for their cause among Allid Prisoners of War. This enlarged Irish Brigade would serve alongside other Axis Central Powers during the Eastern Crusade. But while many in the Irih Brigade believed to be on a just, godly Crusade against the Bolshevik Devils. For them the Soviet Union was the big, unholy Satan. Still most of this Irish inside the Irish Brigade had a whole other goal in mind, beside just destroying the Beast of Communism in Europe. Their main goal was to beat the British Empire, to bring the United Kingdom down to it's knees and liberate Northern Ireland to unite it with the rest of the Irish Free State. To the British, the mere Existence of the Irish Brigade fighting alongside the Axis Central Powers, was a problematic situation for the Empire and the English politics. Still this did not mean that all members of the National Monarchist, Fascist Royalist or similar Movements. And even among those Irish Brigade Members that were parts or sympathisers of these movements, only a small minority went all the way and wished for a strong Irish Empire to unite all of their Island under a Irish King, a true King that would oppose the joke of a King in the English throne that opressed them like his ancestors did before him for centuries.
 
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Chapter 360: Lessons learned at Midway: New use for older Ships
Chapter 360: Lessons learned at Midway: New use for older Ships
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After Midway the Imperial Japanese Navy tried not only to upgrade and modernise it's fleet, but also find a new use for it's more older and outdated ships. After all the losses during Midway and the campaigns before it, the IJN believed that older, outdated ships were not benefiting the fleet, not even good for escord service for Japanese and Co-Prosperity Sphere convoys. Most Admirals inside the Imperial Japanese Navy slowly realized that these older, outdated and slower ships were weakening and slowing down the more mobile, offencive fleets and escort fleets in general. Because of that the Katori-class Light Cruisers (each being 5,890 Tons Standard) and Oyodo-class Light Cruiser (8,164 tons), or similar smaller, outdated and older ships that would only end up with poor results in the front line. This meant, that the IJN realized that they were better fit in a new role as training cruisers for future navy servisemen. For example, the Tenryu-class Light Cruisers would were removed from front line service to become training cruisers. They were originally commissioned in 1919 and far too lightly armed and armoured for front line service during the Second Great War, as it was realized until and shortly after Midway. Additionally, the Matsu-class approved in the 1942 Supplemental Program were 1,262 tons and capable of 27.8 knots. They were armed with 3 x Type 89 5-inch/40 (1 Single, 1 Dual - but no High Angle AA Fire Control), 24 x Type 96 25mm AA, 1 Quad 24-inch Torpedo Launcher (no reloads), and 36 Depth Charges. Later versions of the Matsu-class Destroyer were changed partly because of the new realities, fleet programm plans, tactics and strategies. While maintaining the same speed, displacement would increase to 1,290 tons, be armed with 2 x Twin Type 99 12cm/50 (4.7 inch) DP Guns for increased firepower against surface and air threats, 1 Quad 24-inch Torpedo Launcher (no reloads), and 36 Depth Charges. And be initially armed with 4 x Twin and 26 x Double (until the end of 1942, Triple since the beginning of 1943) Type 96 AA.

This new fleet programms meant, that future Japanese ships of all classes were planned with stronger, more modern and better machinery for higher speed even if they had more weapons and better armor at the same time. In general the Imperial Japanese navy planned to use more and more of it's older ships for training of new crewmen instead on convoy or offensive missions, so that newer ships could replace them. That at least was the plan as lonf as the Second Great War would last. Afterwards, their goal was to sell these older, outdated models to the other Co-Prosperity Sphere member states who wished to expand their own naval fleets. While not the most modern and best ships then, they could be used instantly and also learned from for own future naval building programs of this states and so most member states of the Co-Prosperity Sphere with a own Navy, or the plan to create one were eager to get their hands on these older Japanese models, even before the Second Great War had started, as it was (besides European models) way better then most fleets and designs their neighboring independent states, dominions or colonies could come up with. Many of the older, slower and outdated Ships would therefore be used as training ships for the Imperial Japanese Navy and partly even as training ships for other Co-Prosperity Sphere member states navies. To do so mostly secure, the whide Japanese Sea, by now controlled on each side and in every strait leading into it by Japan, Chosen or Manchukuo was seen as the ideal and secure training ground to do so. The straits into the Japanese Sea were mined and additionally guarded by coastal artillery positions (some even entrenched or in bunkers) as well as guarded by patrols of the Imperial Japanese Navy, Imperial Korean Navy and Imperial Manchurian Navy.
 
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Chapter 361: National Monarchism: Norwegian Haakonism
Chapter 361: National Monarchism: Norwegian Haakonism
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The National Monarchism in the Kingdom of Norway was dominated by King Haakon VII (born Christian Frederik Carl Georg Valdemar Axel). Similar to his brother King Christian X in the Kingdom of Denmark, King Haakon VII had originally no intent or any wish to cooperate with the German Invadors. This however changed, when his 3,083,000 people counting population was treatened after the creation of a new pro-German, pro-Axis Central Powers government. While King Haakon VII did not wish any form of participation in the collaborationist government and promised not to participate in a government under Prime Minister Vidkun Quisling and his Fascist Royalist/National Monarchist party Nasjonal Samling (National Union), the king feared to lose more and more of his power and influence to this Norwegian Fascist Royalist and National Monarchist party and it's paramilitary wing (Hirden) that formed the “hirdarmy” (Hirden Army), a “hirdmarine” (Hirden navy) and a "Hirdens flykorps" (Hirden's air force corps) as the new Royal Norwegian Military Forces. Thanks to German support they got a more military slant and frequently used words and symbols from the old Norse Viking era. Since membership in the government was now directly linked to being part of Vidkun Quisling's Nasjonal Samling, King Haakon VII realized just like his brother King Christian X in the Kingdom of Denmark, that the liberty and democracy inside the Kingdom of Norway could soon be compromised or end totally. In fear of soon loosing all power and liberty to the Prime Minister Vidkun Quisling, King Haakon VII made a deal with the devil, the German Occupation Forces in Norway. With Quisling King Haakon VII had a rival for power, that his brother King Christian X in Denmark lacked, that was why Christian could operate way more democratic, liberal and unopposed.

Just as he had promised, King Haakon VII did not to participate in any government under Quisling, instead he still opposed a future Norwegian Fascist Royalist/National Monarchist State and the best way to do so, was pretend cooperation. He knew that the Nasjonal Samling and the Hirden were greatly divided into Fascist Royalist/National Monarchist between various elements, people, ideals and plans. There were these that favored Viduk Quisling and a Pan-Scandinavian Fascist Monarchist movement under Prime Minister Quisling (Quislingism) that aimed for a new united Scandinavian Kingdom that included Norway, Sweden, Finnland, Denmark and in some plans even the English Isles. Parts however had the same idea but did not picture Viduk Quisling as the leader of such a state, but King Haakon VII or another monarch. Others meanwhile had a more Pan-Germanist view and hoped to integrate the Kingdom of Norway and all of Scandinavia and the German-speaking parts of Europe (as well as the United Baltic Duchy) into a Greater German Empire.

King Haakon VII managed to split the various parts and groups of the Nasjonal Samling and the Hirden and play them against one another. In his own styled, National Norwegian Royal Monarchist movement, the Norwegian King Haakon VII managed to slowly gain the majority of the support and limit the power of Viduk Quisling and his Quislingist supporters. This allowed the Haakonists Movement to secure Norwegian democracy and independence until the death of King Haakon VII in 1957, despite various Pan-Scandinavian and Pan-Germanist Movements treatening his plans, rule and ideology. He had to face open protests, Hirden riots even and also stand the test of being accused to secretly still support the Allies against the Axis Central Powers and the new Monarchistic Bloc and Alliance system in Europe. Because of this King Haakon VII and Haakonism was viewed as a more liberal, democratic and acceptable form of National Monarchism, even in western, democratic, yes even in former Allied Nations long after the Second Great War had ended. For many Axis Central Power members and the Quislingist Movement however, Haakon VII was a traitor against a true Norwegian Nation State, a Pan-Scandinavian Kingdom or even a Pan-Germanist Norwegian Kingdom as a part of a Greater German Empire.
 
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So even the Scandinavian fascists (who are themselves in an occupied country) have grandiose plans about conquering England of all places WTF. Even better than the French who dream of conquering parts of Germany (at least France and Germany have an actual land border so it makes slightly more sense).
 
So even the Scandinavian fascists (who are themselves in an occupied country) have grandiose plans about conquering England of all places WTF. Even better than the French who dream of conquering parts of Germany (at least France and Germany have an actual land border so it makes slightly more sense).
Their clearly megalomaniacs so not all of their plans and ambitions have to make sense, be rational or even be logical, just look at the Greater Germann Empire plans OTL. ;D
I think Italy recovered fast with the Marshall Plan after ww2, did it?
Yes, but without a war they were unprepared for even in 1942, they would have done way better I assume.
 
Well, could Italian troops that accompanied Germans deal with cleaning up the battlefield in France, the Balkans, Western landmass of Soviet Union and North Africa? For example, knocked out tank in France and Soviet Union would be taken apart; the material would be recycled?
 
No so sure about that Italian industry was not in a good position OTL and isn't that much better TTL, plus italian tanks and forces, even with overwhelmin numbers tend to do really bad on most campaigns unless aided by German or other forces.
 
Chapter 362: Lessons learned at Niugini/Niu Gini (New Guinea): Camouflague and Guerrilla warfare
Chapter 362: Lessons learned at Niugini/Niu Gini (New Guinea): Camouflague and Guerrilla warfare
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The Green Hell Handbook, a Guide to Burma and Niugini/Niu Gini Warfare
- Himura Kano


“In our ongoing fights in Burma and New Ginea, we quickly realized that our previous methods were not enough. Enemy air speriority, constant bomb attacks an artillery shelling forced us further underground. What began as simple small bunkers and ambush emplacements soon turned into whole undrground tunnel complexes and bases.”

“Every of this underground facilities has the need for sleeping places, ammunition and storage rooms for rations, a mini-infimary and a small kitchen, everything needed to supply the soldiers inside outark for as long as possible from this rations, or nearby supply areas.”

“With the help of bicycle, motorcycles, or small and medium generators, these underground facilities can be equipped with light and even heat. Just like with the kitchen it is nessesary to dig seperate exhaust pipe for the smoke to sape out of the underground complex. To not give away the position of this bases and bastions, it is best to avise that these exhaust pipes should lea far away fom the complex, before returning above ground.”

“To secure this complexes, false entrences are good to confuse the enemy, while the real entrences can be hidden under wooden plates that look like tree branches, or normal ground. The real entrences can also be hidden under fake trees, or fake rocks, made out of concrete. Some entrences can even be hidden under water in rivers and lakes, only reached trought the water. There should always be at least one guard at any of this entrences. To better secure this hidden entrences further, they can be booby trapped with mines or granades. Additionally behin fake walls, our soldiers can wate and listen in these entrances to shoot enemy intruders, or to kill them silently with his bajonette or a bambo/ woodern spear.”

“With he help of bait soldiers, who disappear into foxholes, prepared camoflague cover or the entrences to this underground complexes, the enemy can be lured into our ambushes and fireing positions.”

“Parts of our tunnel system can even be underwater, tricking the enemy into thinking he's at a dead end. Fake walls, floors and roofs could have the same pupose inside these underground complexes, to trick the enemy and to even hide our own forces, even when the tunnels themselves have been taken by the enemy already.”

“Sometimes, the outer defences of this complexes evn had concrete and steel pilboxes as better fortified bunkers and fireing position.”
...
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“Many of our grenades, mortar ammunition and even other, regular ammunition can be used for booby traps. Grenade model 23, captured allied grenades (like the British No. 36 and United States MK 2) canbe used similar. They can be attached to entrances, doors window frames, and general items of abandoned equipment and as tip grenades.”

“Other uses include the so colled stick grenade, the bangalore torpedo, or the explosive cannister from the barrage mortar shell as booby traps, since they that all have pull igniters and accidents have occurred to troops handling them, prove that they are most suitable for such traps. The 3 types of fragmentation grenade models 91, 97, and 99 ("Kiska") grenade were all equipped with percussion ignited fuses. They can be used with a suspension wire device which can be tripped. The grenade is then placed bottom-up inside an improvised tube thus ensuring that the grenade will fall head first so as to detonate the fuse, when a wire is tripped. A piece of bamboo or empty cartridge case is sometimes used in lieu of a tube. This version can be used from a tree branch, or bamboo/ wooden constuction. Sometimes it is ideal to place this sort o traps not in height of enemy soldiers, but above them. That way enemy forces on trucks and tanks kan be hit by the explosion from above.”

“Another method was to place this grenade under a foot board. If the delay powder train was removed first, the weight of the foot fires the detonator instantaneously. Many of our land mines can been used as this booby traps too and work on the same principle. For example, model 93 being equipped so that it can be activated by pressures from 7 to 200 pounds. Electrically operated booby traps can also be used, but it's bet to keep our traps simple, so that every solder might build them quickly without to many problems and risks. They would operate on a low voltage and were generally attached to equipment such as radios and vehicle ignition switches, mostly of leftover equipment. Booby trap fuzes of more advanced design, will probably appear in the near future nd included in future versions of this handbook.”

“The grenade models 91 (1931), 97 (1937) and 99 (1939) are good for such purposes. Hovever, the Model 23 Grenade has been designed for use either as a hand grenade or a booby trap. It has a pull type friction igniter fuze with a time delay reported as approximately 5 seconds. Because a pull (from 2 1/2 pounds to 5 pounds) on the fuze cord ignites the time fuze, it could easily be adapted for use as a booby trap by tying the cord to a trip wire. The lugs and rings on the side are convenient for anchoring the grenade in place when so used. It can even be used as a combined booby trap with a high explosive artillery shell tied to it for augmenting the power of the explosion. Sometimes metal plates at one side of these traps can help focus more of the explosion in a certain direction.”

“Grenade Model 89 filled with white phosphorus is best used in tight spaces, or when the enemy ha to climb up or down inside our tunnel system, to target more enemy soldiers at once.”

“A grenade, filled with impregnated rubber pellets in a phosphorus carbon disulphide solution, with up to 40 pelets in each grenade can also be used as a triping device, or on top of a bamboo or wood stick with camoflague. This stick grenades can also come in larger and bigger versions. Sometimes it is good to cover them inside of coconutts.”

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“A explosive cocktail can be used with the help of a standart bottle, filled with a mixture of oil and gasoline. The fuze is will ignite when the grenade is thrown no matter in what position the bottle lands, for the impact drives the firing pin down into the detonator which ignites the contents of the bottle.”

“A botle or flask can also be used as smoke grenade, when filled with a yellowish liquid varying from 100 percent titanium tetrachloride to a mixture of approximately 60 percent titanium tetrachloride and 40 percent silicon tetrachloride. The grenade is then packed in sawdust in a cylindrical sheet metal container.”

“Hydrocyanic Acid Grenades exist in two types. One is stabilized with copper powder and is packed in a sheet metal outer container, the other is stabilized with arsenic trichloride and packed in a cardboard container. The grenade itself consists of a spherical glass flask about 3 1/2 inches in diameter containing approximately 1 pint of hydrocyanic acid. The flask is packed in a mixture of sawdust and a neutralizing agent. The outer container is approximately 5 1/4 inches high and 5 1/2 inches in diameter, it is painted khaki and banded in brown. Both an be used a booby taps, best in tight tunnels.”

“The bamboo bangalore torpedo has a pull type delay fuze and is threaded at each end to permit an indefinite number of tubes to be attached end to end. Because of the type of fuze, it an be used in a booby trap, with the igniter string tied to a trip wire easily. Different types can be used dependin on the situation and even be hidden inside other bamboo or wood.

“Mine Model 93 (1939) is used for anti-personnel or antitank purposes. Fuzes are provided with shear wires of various strengths, so the fuzes may function under pressures of from 20 pounds* to as much as 250 pounds depending on the fuze selected. Additional explosive may be placed beneath the mine to give it greater force against larger enemy numbers orvehicles.”

“Grenade/ Mine Model 99 (1939) has magnets and can be best use as magnetic antitank bomb or armor piercing grenade. The magnets serve to hold the mine against a metal surface such as a tank (or iron pill box door) until it explodes.”

“Mine Model 96 (1936) comes in different size and can be adapted for use either on land or under water. It can help our forces secure smaller river crossings or swamp terrain.”

“Prepared ammunition, gnades and mortar bombs hanging fom trees or rigged aongside roads or pathways can help slow the enemy down, or force them into a certain direction for further traps and ambushes.”

“It is best to place explosive traps wherever possible, in rice bags, at doors or other entrences, like windows and even on roofs to kill the enemy when he tries to take our facilities.”
...
“Trip explosives can also be placed uner trees, branches of trees or alongside roads to kill enemy forces bypassing. This is especially effetive when used behind enemy lines.”

“One of the most simple and efficient devices is the so called mud grenade trap. It is prepared by burrying a unlocked grenade in a pile of mud. Once a enemy steps upon it, the grenade will explode. This divice is pefect to camoflague in the surrounding terrain and easy to set up.”

“Tree brenches and trip wire, made out of barb wire snares can help slow down the enemy and secure the own positions easily. Sometimes it can help to set them up in minefields.”
...
“Mines and mortar bombs can not only be used to fall on the enemy, on bamboo and wooden sticks, but even as step on bombs. Similary some our own ammunition can be used the same way, when there are to few regular mines.”

“Wired rifles, enemy or own can be used as trip traps to shoot enemy soldiers out of nowhere. This can even make them falsely believe one of our hidden bunker positions is nearby, luring him in a further trap.”

“In a similar way the drip rifle can be used with a little water and a few preparations to fake a sniper or bunker position, while our own forces flank the enemy once he concentrates in the wrong direction.”
...


“As we face a enemy with overwhelming industrial capabilities and way shorter supply lines coming directly from India (Burma Front) or Australia (Niugini/Niu Gini Front) we have to be smarter and ticky.”

“Instead of regular traps we can use bamboo or wooden sticks as traps to step or even fall inside. They can either give in when stepped on, or to fall inside. Side closing variations can be used and even ones that rotate the camoflague when fallin inside to cover them backup immediately. The wood or bamboo sticks can be small to only injure foot or leg, or large enough to impale a whole person.”

“Spiked wooden balls or spiked tree trunks coming swinging from above once a trap is stepped on can additional be used. Few rolling tree trunks, or larger swinging ones can be effective too.”

"Some of this traps can used spiked tree branches, that snap back and impale a enemy soldier unprepared."
...
“Even if not deadly themselves, their efficiency can be boosted, when local poisen, or feces are rubbed onto the top of the spikes, so that even small wounds quickly get infected. For the same reason small animals like fleas or rats infected with one of our biological weapons can be placed in the bottom of such digged traps too.”
 
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Well, because of this timeline we won’t see Vietcong again, and the idea is similar to Cu Chi tunnel in Vietnam war, here is some pictures that I have (definitely not self promoting my country as all).

cuchi06_onxe.jpg


cuchi10_zpbs.jpg


c1.jpg


cu-chi-a.png
 
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