Chapter 780: The Manchu Restoration
Pujie (Chinese: 溥傑; 16 April 1907 – 14 June 1994) was a Qing dynasty imperial prince of Manchu descent. He was born in the Aisin Gioro clan, the imperial clan of the Qing dynasty. Pujie was the younger brother of Puyi, the last Emperor of China. After the fall of the Qing dynasty, Pujie went to Japan, where he was educated and married to Saga Hiro, a Japanese noblewoman. In 1937, he moved to Manchukuo, where his brother ruled as Emperor under varying degrees of Japanese control during the Chinese Civil War). Pujie's Manchu name was ᡦᡠ ᡤᡳᠶᡝ; Pu-giye, his courtesy name Junzhi, and his art name Bingfan. Zeng Guofan was a source of inspiration for Pujie's art name, Bingfan. Bingfan means "live up to (the legacy of Zeng Guo)fan". Pujie was the second son of Zaifeng (Prince Chun) and his primary consort, Youlan. As a child, he was brought to the Forbidden City in Beijing to be a playmate and classmate to his brother, Puyi. A well-known incident recounted how Puyi threw a tantrum when he saw that the inner lining of one of Pujie's coats was yellow, because yellow was traditionally a color reserved only for the emperor. In 1929, Pujie travelled to Japan and was educated in the Gakushuin Peers' School. He became fluent in Japanese. Later, he enrolled at the Imperial Japanese Army Academy and graduated in July 1935. Pujie was first married in 1924 to a Manchu noblewoman, Tang Shixia, but they had no children. He left his wife behind when he went to Japan, and the marriage was dissolved some years later. After graduating from the Imperial Japanese Army Academy, Pujie agreed to an arranged marriage with a Japanese noblewoman. He selected Saga Hiro, who was a relative of the Japanese imperial family, from a photograph from a number of possible candidates vetted by the Kwantung Army. As Puyi did not have an heir, the wedding had strong political implications, and was aimed at both fortifying relations between the two countries and introducing Japanese blood into the Manchu imperial family. The engagement ceremony took place at the Manchukuo embassy in Tokyo on 2 February 1937 with the official wedding held in the Imperial Army Hall at Kudanzaka, Tokyo, on 3 April. In October, the couple moved to Manchukuo, where Puyi was then the Emperor. As Puyi had no children, Pujie was regarded as first in line to succeed his brother as the emperor of Manchukuo; the Japanese officially proclaimed him the heir presumptive.
However, Pujie was not appointed by his brother as the heir to the throne of the Qing dynasty, as imperial tradition stated that a childless emperor should choose his heir from a subsequent generation instead of from his own generation. While in Manchukuo, Pujie served as honorary head of the Manchukuo Imperial Guards, a position that would later help him during the so called Manchu Restauration, or Manchu Coup. After his brother Puyi's failed 100 Banner Offensive, Pujie sought out alliances to the Kwantung Army, the Manchu People's Political Consulate Conference, the Privy Council, the General Affairs Council and the local Tenkō, former leftists and liberals brainwashed to become Coprospists. As his wife Hiro Saga (嵯峨 浩 Saga Hiro, 16 April 1914 – 20 June 1987) was a Japanese noblewoman and memoir writer, the daughter of Marquis Saneto Saga and a distant relative of Emperor Shōwa. After her marriage to Pujie, she was known as, and identified herself as, Aishin Kakura Hiro (愛新覺羅•浩) or Aixin-Jueluo Hao in Chinese. With his Japanese-Manchu daughters Huisheng (born in 1938) and Husgeng/ Kosei (born in 1940) Pujie was soon the Japanese favored designated next regent for the Empire of Manchuria, especially as his brother Puyi once again refused a Japanese wife and had no kids of his own. Much more pro Japanese then his brother Puyi who was officially killed during a Communist uprising, but secretly imprisoned for life. In what the new Emperor Pujie called the Qing Restoration he promoted Manchu and Japanese language, architecture, culture, tradition and art as well as Shenism, the Manchurian version of Shinto he had helped promote massively even before, while suppressing Han Chinese movements and Pan-Chinese ideas to legitimate his own state and rule. His programs of modernization would earn him the title of Manzhou Emperor (modern Emperor), Xiandai Emperor (modernization Emperor), Kokyo-ka Emperor (industrialization Emperor in Japanese) Gongyehua (industrialization Emperor in Chinese), as he would modernize the Empire of Manchukuo on pair with Chosen and Japan itself, who in return would become as modern as American and European Nations, eventually surpassing them. The modern Manchu Emperor would also make his Empire of Manchuria one of the biggest producers of oil, gas and petroleum inside the Co-Prosperity Sphere (the biggest one in former China even before Yankoku and National Han China) and the rest of the world (within the top 20 oil producing nations).