Birmingham Sparkbrook
1984 By-Election Result
Rt. Hon. Roy Hattersley (Social Democratic) - 22,317 votes 42%
Phillip Douglas-Osborne (Labour)- 16. 379 votes 31%
Reginald D. Godsiff (Conservative) - 14,916 votes 28%
TOTAL VOTES: 53,612
Monklands East
1984 By-Election Result
Rt. Hon. John Smith (Social Democratic) - 14.708 votes 38%
Alfred Edwards (Labour) - 11,497 votes 30%
Rodney Clifford - (Scottish National) - 7,254 votes 19%
John Love (Conservative) - 5,168 votes 13%
TOTAL VOTES: 38, 627
The victories of both Smith and Hattersley in their subsequent by-elections bore out a great deal. First, it took Labour's seatage down to 116 and left them without two of their more respected members. Labour did take solace in their solid Scottish performance of second place, especially given how personally popular Smith was and how commanding his 1983 victory had been under their banner. They did feel encouraged. The Conservatives regarded the by-elections privately as a disaster. Coming in behind the SNP in Monklands and a distant third in Sparkbrook (Which they had no illusions of winning either race). The results smacked them hard and Thatcher regarded both of the losses with agitation at the poor performances.
The Alliance was strengthened by the victories. The SDP, now only 15 members short of the Liberals were jubilant. Foreign Secretary Owen especially now as his former Labour foreign policy allies were rejoining him. All three were among the most pro-European in Westminster. Although they were senior MPs, the Prime Minister consigned the two new members to the backbench, at least for now, even though they could've been well used in the cabinet. Reason being, he'd established a balanced cabinet with 10 Liberals and 9 SDP members and he thought it unwise to change for the moment. Steel would make them pay a penance of sorts for being "Johnny-come-lately", something which both good-natured men took in stride, but it greatly agitated some Cabinet and Backbench MPs. Owen, Mike Thomas, James Dunn and James Wellbeloved among them.
Prime Minister Steel sought to take a greater hand in European affairs now that his American counterpart, President Ronald Reagan had backed off a bit on the previously warm relationship. Reagan had been extremely close with Thatcher and he wasn't especially happy at the British rejection of Maggie. He put the blame on Steel and the "special relationship" chilled a bit.
President Reagan toasting the Queen during an official visit (1984)
In October of 1984, economic indicators in Britain finally ticked upward. It had been a very long recession, but finally, jobs created outweighed jobs lost and before Christmas, the British economy was in growth. The Prime Minister and Chancellor Jenkins were hailed for the economic recovery plan that had brought Britain back. New trade deals as well as benefitting from a global economic boom, the pressure on Steel was finally off on the homefront although the deficit still was a regular Tory denouncement and Tony Benn continued his crusade for more government action.
In early 1985, Steel would be confronted by "The Troubles" of Northern Ireland which had lay dormant for sometime. A noted Irish Republican and former MP, Owen Carron was assasinated on his way to a market in Roscommon. The IRA brutally retaliated killing a British policeman and bombing an Ulster Unionist meeting with three reported casualties. The violence hit Britain hard and Irish Taoiseach Garret FitzGerald begged Steel and Foreign Secretary Owen to meet with him. They did two days after the public funeral of policeman George Coltrane, which they had both attended and Private Eye savagely mocked.
Prime Minister Steel on the far right, Secretary Owen on the far left
Prime Minister Steel announced with FitzGerald the Anglo-Irish Agreement which would devolve powers of Britain in Northern Ireland to allow further self-government, but would continue to keep it under the British crown. Unionist MPs each resigned in disgust before a vote was taken which easily passed 384-127 (With Labour officially opposed, although there were some who defied the whip to vote with the plan).
The James Molyneux lead UUP and Ian Paisley's more right-wing DUP each chose to contest in by-elections at the earliest possible date. Although both conservative party's together resigned, they found it difficult to work with each other. Enoch Powell wrote in his journal his disgust with Paisley in particular, "He is coarse and vulgar. He is only a unionist so long as the union is an anti-Catholic, anti-liquor one. He is obnoxious and irritable. I could find it much easier to work with John Hume than Ian Paisley".
SPITTING IMAGE
Production Notes Script for Scene 5
PAISLEY: WE MUST DESTROY THIS EVIL AGREEMENT! NO DEVOLUTION! MORE INTEGRATION!
STEEL (tiny as ever): Urrm... Pardon me, Reverend, but the government belives that this agreement shall actually serve to reduce the violence....
PAISLEY: I SAY PRIME MINISTER HAVE YOU BEEN TIPPLING?!
(Paisley's booming voice sends Steel flying offscreen and into David Owen's arms)
STEEL: Oh, thank you, David!
OWEN: No problem, David... Now, about cabinet representation....