I've asked this question before, I think, or at least something similar to it, but not for a couple of years. What a forum elder I am.
Anyway. With a PoD of your choosing from 1900 onwards that causes the Ottoman Empire to survive with territories including at least what it held IOTL in 1914, how does the Ottoman state look in, say, 1930, 1950, and 1970?
Will the state be a pluralistic democracy, constitutional monarchy, republic, flawed democracy, military dictatorship, or a combination of the above? Is it even likely to survive much beyond the 1920s, or will its different ethnicities and religions pull it apart before then? How do these various ethnicities get treated by the central state?
I'd be interested to hear the board's thoughts!