Surviving Habsburg Dynasty

Initially Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian of Austria (Habsburg) had a succession treaty with king Vladislaus II of Bohemia & Hungary (Jagiellon). When his third wife finally gave birth to a daughter (Anna) and a son (Louis), this was revised into a double marriage treaty.
These pacts between the houses of Habsburg and Jagiellon, referred to Hungary (& Croatia) and Bohemia, which only recently had a member of the Jagiellon dynasty on their thrones and previously had Habsburg rulers too. It did not affect Jagiellon Poland-Lithuania.

The marriage treaty was quite clear that Louis (Lajos/Ludvík) would marry Mary, however Anna would be married to a Habsburg archduke (Charles or Ferdinand). Maximilian deliberately wanted to keep some options open, since he preferred a French or English match for Charles V.

According to various inheritance laws Ferdinand was entitled to a part of the inheritance. Charles insisted that the only part of the inheritance, which would have to be divided amongst them were the Austrian Hereditary Lands. Ferdinand initially had wanted to divide a larger part of the inheritance, so include the Spanish and Burgundian inheritance.
After their first inheritance treaty Charles still kept Tirol and Further Austria, however after resistance of the Estates of various parts of the Austrian Hereditary Lands, Charles finally agreed to give Ferdinand the entire Austrian Hereditary Lands.

Once Ferdinand inherited the Austrian Hereditary Lands (1521), it was clear that he was the one, who would marry Anna.

No Charles wanted his son Philip as the successor of his brother Ferdinand as Holy Roman Emperor, since Ferdinand was the elected king of the Romans and thus the successor of the Holy Roman Emperor. However at this point Ferdinand, who had been very loyal to Charles, choose his own family and ambitions over that of his brother Charles. Also the German prince-electors preferred the native Austrian Habsburgs over the 'foreign' Spanish Habsburgs, not to mention that they didn't like the prospect of another absentee monarch.

Charles couldn't make Philip the sole heir of all Habsburg dominions, since the Austrian branch had inherited Hungary and Bohemia and were recognized in their possession of the Austrian Hereditary Lands. However if Philip would have been elected as king of the Romans/Holy Roman Emperor, the branches might have stayed closer together.
Also Charles was not obsessed by Power, he was concerned about the Reformation and the unity within his dynasty and of Western Christianity, as a devout Catholic (as was Ferdinand, their only difference is that Ferdinand was a bit pragmatic politically) he wanted the (Catholic) Church to stay united.
 
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Let Philip II have issue by Mary Tudor and then by Mary of Scots, thus infusing precious new outcrosses into the palette. If their descendants could then marry in Portugal, Parma, Modena, Scandinavia and avoid the Valois with all of their issues, you'd go a long way to preserving their physical health and integrity, although you still have the schizophrenia and melancholia etc present in the Iberian royal lineages.
 
@Janprimus: Hmm nice explanation, thanks. Anyway, you may be right about the Anna x Charles match, but you must admit that this would have been pretty much plausible if Ferdinand, for instance, was as ill-fated as his brother-in-law Lajos of Hungary, and died young.

The prospects of a french or an english match are interesting, however I'd particularly avoid them for two reasons:
1 - Philip would reasonably marry a french princess in the next generation, no need for two Habsburg-Valois marriages in a row. Besides, the only ones who would potentially be interesting at the time would be Marguerite of Angouleme, already married and some 9 years older than him, and Claude of Brittany, who was heiress to a much coveted portion of France.
2 - Mary Tudor (lady Brandon IOTL) could be an interesting wife for him, however I'd like to avoid it, considering my suggestion where, generations later, Charles's "great-great-grandson" Philip IV* would marry an english princess. I'd particularly want to make the Spanish Habsburgs as less inbred as possible.

Isabella of Portugal would be very much butterflied away in such a scenario, first because she was his first cousin and also was very inbred herself (her father was her maternal grandmother's first cousin, besides, her paternal grandparents were first cousins themselves, with the paternal grandmother being the aunt to the aforementioned maternal grandmother), second because the marriage led to the much hated Iberian Union which weakened the Portuguese Empire, and third, she was not the first and sole heiress to any interesting land as other possible brides as Claude of Brittany and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary were.

I can only think of Maria of Jülich-Berg as another possible bride/heiress. Any other options?
 
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