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There was a discussion of CF.net about ducal Burgundy surviving, which got me thinking about other countries that ceased to exist, either through wars inheritance, or revolution, just after the point when they reached the peak of their peacetime geopolitical power.

For example, the Soviet Union would not count because it would not have been at the peak of its power, Nazi Germany would not count because it peaked in power during a war, and Imperial Japan and the Byzantine Empire of Heraclius would both not count because there was state continuity.

Those which I can think of:

Ducal Burgundy

Wilhelmine Germany

Carolingian Empire

Republic of China (may not count because state continuity in Taiwan)

Despotate of Morea (if thought of as separate state from Byzantine Empire).

Kingdom of Naples

Grand Duchy of Lithuania (if uninterupted personal union eventually resulting in political union counts as ceasing to exist)

Kingdom of Aragon

Republic of Texas (if that counts)

Pahlavi Iran

and probably others. It seems that this was more a thing that happened in the past, due to monarchial inheritance.
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