Spain and Dutch Global Power and Austria in New World TL

Hi, welcome to my new thread called "Spain and Dutch Global Power and Austria in New World" is my TL

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A World where United States is different, New Amsterdam isn't exist or become New Vienna, Dutch seizes Brazil except southern part, Confederate States of America existed from 1860 to WWII, no August Coup, no Velvet Divorce, Soviet Union still exists, no Taiwan, Short Bakamatsu Era to 1740, Poland-Lithuania still exists, France retains Algeria, Spain gains whole of Morocco, Spanish Empire still exists, and no Spanish American War

Chapter I: Age of Reformation, Discovery, and Colonization, Part I, 1560-1648.

In the beginning, the Age of Reformation is also started on Denmark, then it spreads to entire Northern Europe, Northern Germany and Low Countries, engulfing Catholic kingdoms and duchies that lead to Wars of Religion, Reformation spreads into France, Towns of Switzerland and Central Europe, but it suddenly spreads into Northern Spain, the first protestant church is Llivia, Protestant Reformation spreads into Northern Catalonia, Protestant teachings were smuggled into Spain by Spaniards such as Julián Hernández, who in 1557 was condemned by the Inquisition and fled into Mountains of Pyrenees where Spaniards are impossible to search for Heretics [1], By 1559-1583, More than Spanish Protestants and Lutherans fled to Mountains of Pyrenees of Andorra and Northern Catalonia and Aragon or in hiding or to who were able to flee the country were to be found in at least a dozen cities in Europe such as Geneva, where some of them embraced Calvinist teachings. Those who fled to England were given support by the Church of England. A Catalan Calvinist Named "Josep Lluis Arment" also translated New Testament into Catalan, meanwhile Henry Hudson was hired by Austrian Archduke and Holy Roman Emperor Matthias II [2], to fund an exploration to passage to Asia in order to desperate survival, Austrians managed to resist the Protestant Reformation, while Spain deports Moriscos to Guale [3], present-day USA and U.S. States of Georgia, South Carolina, King of Spain has planed to deport Spanish Protestants and Lutherans, but it never succeeded when English managed to knock down the Spanish colony in the Eastern Seabord, with the help of Spanish Protestants and Lutherans, Austrians managed to bog down the Ottomans in the Hungary. Thirty Years' War also triggered by a Protestant Revolt in Bohemia,

Back in the Americas, the Dutch had managed to keep Northern Brazil with Peace Treaty with Portugal. On the other hand, Austrians discovered, Fugger Bay [4], Schlinden Island [5], Oberheim Island [6], Austrians established a new colony in Manhattan and named "New Vienna", Hudson named the Upper River called "Neu Rhein"[7].


In Asia, Spaniards also improved friendly relations with Japanese States and established a colony in Edo called "Fort Fernandez"[8], in Edo for Trade and Knowledge, Spain opened new relations with Indian states, in exchange of gaining trading ports. Portugal expanded into whole island of Celebes, the English also gained trading port in India in exchange of importing Indian Goods into England, Ottomans, now got war with Persia for long [9].

Back in Europe, Thirty Years' War also raged Europe, but it spreads into Northern Spain, raging revolts against Spanish Crown, in Catalonia, a mutiny lead by Protestant Spanish Soldiers, named Emmanuel d'Avila [10], He said "Revenge is a must!", as he was a staunch supporter of Protestant managed to encircle Zaragoza, but it ended with a retreat as Catholic Spanish forces managed to chase them. Spain helps the Habsburgs, hoping to crush the Dutch Rebels and Dutch Republic, but it is distracted since Protestant Rebellion against Spain, while in Northern Europe, Protestant Powers such as Denmark and Sweden. Protestants managed to fight back against Catholic Powers, but France entered war on the side of Protestants, in order to counter the Habsburgs and Catholic powers.


Thirty Years' War devastated entire regions, with famine and disease resulting in high mortality in the populations of the German and Italian states, Northern Spain, the Crown of Bohemia, and the Southern Netherlands. Both mercenaries in fighting armies traditionally looted or extorted tribute to get operating funds, which imposed severe hardships on the inhabitants of occupied territories. The war also bankrupted most of the combatant powers.

The Dutch Republic enjoyed contrasting fortune; it ended its revolt against Spain in 1648 and subsequently enjoyed a time of great prosperity and development, known as the Dutch Golden Age, during which it became one of the world's foremost economic and naval powers. The Thirty Years' War ended with the treaties of Osnabrück and Münster, part of the wider Peace of Westphalia. The war altered the previous political order of European powers. The rise of Bourbon France, the curtailing of Habsburg ambition, giving full rights to Protestants, Lutherans, and Calvinists in Spain, and the ascendancy of Sweden as a great power created a new balance of power on the continent, with France emerging from the war strengthened and increasingly dominant in the latter part of the 17th century, weakening Spain as a Catholic Power, leading to war of succession and the subsequent rise of Parliamentary democracy in Spain and it's colonies.

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[1] Julián Hernández was survived, and fled to Pyrenees Moutains
[2] Instead of Dutch, the Austrians had gained interest and entered in the Age of Discovery.
[3] Deportation of Morsicos to North Africa has been butterflied, it permanently settled and mingled with Black Slaves, Today, Morsicos are the biggest ethnic group in the United States.
[4] Oyster Bay, New Jersey
[5] Staten Island, New York, NY
[6] Ellis Island, New York, NY
[7] Hudson River
[8] Instead of Portuguese, Dutch and Spaniards had good relations with Japan even in Bakumatsu Era, it has ports until 1867
[9] Analogue to Byzantine-Persian Wars
[10] Fictional Name
 
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Chapter II: Continued Discovery, Colonization, Global Trade, and Prelude to Rise of Constitutional Monarchy in Spain Part II: 1648-1700
With a subsequent Protestant Victory, Spain, now humiliated after Protestants, Calvinists, and Lutherans were granted rights after Treaty of Münster, now suffered internal turmoil, and complete abrupt end of Spanish Inquisition, King Philip IV curiously signing full Protestant, Calvinist, and Lutheran Rights in Spain [1], now Catholic Power is weakened and now it could possibly strip off as a catholic power. But the people also angry, others feeling sad as Spain throws off with Protestant Victory and Rise of France, however Spain facing a continuous exploration and conquest, but many Native Tribes are conquered or brutally slaughtered, like Seminole in Florida. Spain recently gained trading ports in India, now improved relations with Tokugawa Shogunate, Shogun also allowed preaching of Christianity but limited to outskirts of Spanish colonies in Japan [2], while former inhabitants of Spanish Colony of Alto Florida now become Citizens of English Colonies, Austrians discovered Aussicht Bay [3], and record it, however the English managed to Explore the Unknown Southern Continents but they record from the Tribes were they called "Aussicht Bay" named after Austrian Explorer Johan Aussicht [4].

Meanwhile in the Americas, Dutch Colony of Brazil also has a big diversity due to Dutch Colonies, they were Chinese, Ceylonese, Javan, Portuguese, Mestizo or Mixed, and Ethnic Dutch, while on the Southern Part of Brazil, it still under Portuguese Rule, but they increased population due to Slavery and Immigration, in disputed territory, Portuguese sent Jesuits in response to Spanish Jesuit Missions, leading to drawing up disputed border. in North America, English, French, and Austrians expanded into inland, increasing settlement, conquests, conversions, and trade. New Vienna Viceroyalty was surrounded by English Colonies in the entire Eastern Seaboard [5]. French traded with the Native Americans, while English also receives mass immigration from Europe and increased Slavery, the Natives converted to Southern Baptists, while the Austrians traded with Iroquois, rages conquests, settlements, and conversions. the exploration continues.

In Europe, the Sweden expanded into what now it's St. Petersburg, leading to disputes between Russia and Sweden, while on the other hand, the Bulgarians instigated a revolt, Ottomans launch exodus of Turkish population from newly-independent Bulgaria [6], while in the Netherlands, Dutch enjoyed the Golden years and improved relations with other countries, the Rise of France and the Bourbon Dynasty and Reformer trying to gain into Spanish Throne had caused Spain plunges into Succession Crisis with the Death of Charles II, in the British Isles, the Ulster Plantation continued, Irish Rebellion against the English Crown is now minimized as the weakening of Spain as a Catholic Power, England and Scotland enjoyed personal union until 1707 when Union Act is implemented, paving the rise of Great Britain as global superpower, in Central Europe, Holy Roman Empire is now completely decentralized and now turned into smaller and medium states, since Teutonic Order became Prussia and Prussia expanded into Brandenburg paved way to rise of Prussia and German Unification, while Poland-Lithuania raged war against Russians in the Twenty Years' War, Russia is also expanded rapidly into Siberia and into the Pacific, paving way to Rise of Russia and the subsequent Colonization of Northwest America, in Italy, Papal States faced a crisis where Spain might possibly lose it's Catholic power status.

In Asia, Spain also gains trading port recently, Dutch expanded into Coasts of Ceylon, while Dutch and Spaniards had also control in Formosa [7], had also lots of Japanese, but it could possibly create a first Japanese Shogunate outside island of Japan, it named Formosa Christian Shogunate, while in the Middle East, Ottomans and Persians sign peace treaty ending long war, with status quo, while in Northern Asia, Russia also expanded into Eastward and reaches Pacific, Ming Dynasty fell into hands of Qing, Admiral Koxinga was killed [8]. Qing granted Portuguese sovereignity over Macau than in previous years. In India, Mughals were declined, while French and English ready to vie for expansion into India.

In Africa, Spain established new colony in Gold Coast, while the Dutch explorer Jan van Riebeeck had reached table bay and established new settlements in the southern tip of Cape, to this, many African nations has never contact with the Europeans or fallen into wars, internal conflicts.

In different parts of the world, Global Trade is bolstering as European Empires were expanded and now are globally dominated, paved to rise of technological advancement and paving way to Industrial and Modern Age.
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[1] Slow full transition of Civil Liberties on Protestants, Lutherans, Calvinists or Calvinistas, and Huguenodos but it not full until 1721
[2] Persecution of Christians in Japan in Bakamatsu Era, but if Spain has controlled ports with territory, then there will be exceptions due to proximity near Spanish Colonial Borders
[3] Rockingham Bay
[4] Fictional Name but Austrian Explorer
[5] New Vienna is controlled by Austria until 19th Century, New Vienna gained statehood and became part of United States
[6] Bugas Revolt caused revolt spreads among ethnic Bulgarians, establishment of Kingdom and complete Expulsion of Ethnic Turks in 1679
[7] Well Formosa still European but it has only Japanese Christians
[8] Koxinga Invasion of Formosa is butterflied when Koxinga was drowned in a big storm
 
Chapter III: Exploded War, with combination of great regional wars, Twenty Years' War, the Rise of Civil Freedom in Spain or "Libertades Civiles": 1700-1723
The explosion came when the international outbreak of Great Northern War as it spreads into entire European continent and overseas, last Habsburg and chidless King of Spain, Charles II had died, without a question about who will succeed him had long troubled the governments of Europe. Attempts to solve the problem by peacefully partitioning the empire among the eligible candidates from the royal houses of Bourbon, Habsburg, and a Reformer Wittelsbach [1], despite succession, rumbling chaos were the Swedes, Poles, Russians, Prussians, and Saxons are vying for power in Europe has run out, King Charles XII supported new Spanish King Philip V, while Tsar Peter and Dutch Statesman Anthonie Heinsius pledges loyalty to new Spanish King Jose for reform, but time has run out.
The war began when an alliance of Denmark–Norway, Saxony, Poland and Russia sensing an opportunity as Sweden was ruled by the young Charles XII, declared war on the Swedish Empire, and launched a threefold attack on Swedish Holstein-Gottorp, Swedish Livonia, and Swedish Ingria. Sweden parried the Danish and Russian attacks at Travendal (August 1700) and Narva (November 1700) respectively, and in a counter-offensive pushed Augustus II's forces through the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth to Saxony, dethroning Augustus on the way (September 1706) and forcing him to acknowledge defeat in the Treaty of Altranstädt (October 1706).


As the Great Northern War spreads [2], the English, the Dutch, the Swedes, and the Austrians and the Austrians formally declared war in May 1702. By 1708, the Duke of Marlborough and Prince Eugene of Savoy had secured victory in the Spanish Netherlands and in Italy, and had defeated Louis XIV's ally Bavaria. But Allied unity broke and the Grand Alliance was defeated in Spain. With casualties mounting and aims of the Alliance diverging, while the Pro-Reformer and Pro-Wittlesbachs had also instigates Protestants, Calvinists, Huguenodos, and Lutherans to revolt against Bourbon acceded into Spanish Throne, while the Spaniards rebelled and pledged loyalty to new king Maximilian II Emanuel to enact reforms and granting civil liberties, while the Papal States fought for another pope to have a debate on stripping off Spain as a catholic power.

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King Maximilian II cheered by crowds to enact reforms.
Meanwhile, Charles XII then turned south to meet his last undefeated opponent: Augustus II, Elector of Saxony, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania. The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was formally neutral at this point, as Augustus started the war as an Elector of Saxony. Disregarding Polish negotiation proposals supported by the Swedish parliament, Charles crossed into the Commonwealth and decisively defeated the Saxe-Polish-Austrian forces in the Battle of Klissow in 1702 and in the Battle of Pultusk in 1703. This successful invasion enabled Charles XII to dethrone Augustus II and coerce the Polish sejm to replace him with Stanisław I Leszczyński in 1704.

August II resisted, still possessing control of his native Saxony, but was decisively defeated at the Battle of Fraustadt in 1706, a battle sometimes compared to the Ancient Battle of Cannae due to the Swedish forces' use of double envelopment, with a deadly result for the Saxon army. August II was forced to sign the Treaty of Altranstädt in 1706 in which he made peace with the Swedish Empire, renounced his claims to the Polish crown, accepted Stanisław Leszczyński as king, and ended his alliance with Russia and Austria. Patkul was also extradited and executed by breaking on the wheel in 1707, an incident which given his diplomatic immunity, infuriated opinion against the Swedish king, who then was expected to win the war against the only hostile power remaining, Tsar Peter's Russia.

In Russia, The Battle of Narva dealt a severe setback to Peter the Great, but the shift of Charles XII's army to the Polish-Saxon threat soon afterwards, provided him with an opportunity to regroup and regain territory in the Baltic provinces. Russian victories at Erastfer and Nöteborg (Shlisselburg) provided access to Ingria in 1703, where Peter captured the Swedish fortress of Nyen, guarding the mouth of the River Neva. Thanks to General Adam Ludwig Lewenhaupt, whose outnumbered forces fended the Russians off in the battles of Gemäuerthof and Jakobstadt, Sweden was able to maintain control of most of her Baltic provinces. Before going to war, Peter had made preparations for a navy and a modern-style army, based primarily on infantry drilled in the use of firearms.

The Nyen fortress was soon abandoned and demolished by Peter, who constructed nearby a superior fortress as a beginning to the city of Saint Petersburg. By 1704, other fortresses were situated on the island of Kotlin and the sand flats to its south. These became known as Kronstadt and Kronslot, while French forces were stationed at Viipuri, when Spanish Loyal to Philip V also trained Cossacks and Swedish forces to batter Pro-Wittlesbach Russians, to prevent or kick Russians out from supporting to the next throne of Spain, the Maximilian retaliates by inventing new Repeated-Muskets to damage their enemy forces and Bombardos to cripple Bourbon support for Sweden. The Swedes attempted a raid on the Neva fort on 13 July 1704 with ships and landing forces, trained Cossacks, but the Russian fortifications held with new weapons invented by Spaniards. In 1705, repeated Swedish attacks were made against Russian fortifications in the area, to little effect. A major assault on 15 July 1705 resulted in the deaths of more than a third of a 1,500-strong Swedish and Cossack landing force.

In view of continued failure to check Russian consolidation, and with declining manpower, Sweden and France opted to blockade Saint Petersburg in 1705. In the summer of 1706, Swedish General Georg Johan Maidel and French General Philippe de Laupney [3] crossed the Neva with 5,200 troops and defeated an opposing Russian force, but made no move on Saint Petersburg. Later in the autumn Peter I led an army of 20,000 men in an attempt to take the Swedish town and fortress of Viborg. However, bad roads proved impassable to his heavy siege guns. The troops, who arrived on 12 October, therefore had to abandon the siege after only a few days. On 12 May 1708, a Russian galley fleet made a lightning raid on Borgå and managed to return to Kronslot just one day before the Swedish battlefleet returned to the blockade, after being delayed by unfavourable winds.

In August 1708, a Swedish army of 12,000 men under General Georg Henrik Lybecker attacked Ingria, crossing the Neva from the north. They met stubborn resistance, ran out of supplies and, after reaching the Gulf of Finland west of Kronstadt, had to be evacuated by sea between 10–17 October. Over 11,000 men were evacuated but more than 5000 horses were slaughtered, which crippled the mobility and offensive capability of the Swedish army in Finland for several years. Peter I took advantage of this, and was able to redeploy a large number of men from Ingria to Ukraine.

Charles spent the years 1702–06 in a protracted struggle with August the Strong; he had already inflicted defeat on him at Riga in June 1701 and took Warsaw the following year, but trying to force a decisive defeat proved elusive. Russia withdraws from Poland in the Spring of 1706, abandoning their artillery but escape from the pursuing Swedes and French who stop at Pinsk. Charles and Louis XIV wanted not just to defeat the Commonwealth and Austrian army but to depose August, whom he regarded as especially treasonous, and have him replaced with someone who would be a Swedish ally, and this goal proved hard to achieve. After years of marches and fighting around Poland he finally had to invade August's hereditary Saxony to bring him out of the war. In the treaty of Altranstädt (1706), August was indeed forced to step down from the Polish throne, but Charles had lost a valuable time advantage over his main enemy in the east, Peter I, who had had the time to recover and build up a new and better army with acquired technologies from Spain.

While Bulgaria, entered war to fight against Ottomans, while Spanish General José Eduardo de Garcia are recruiting Ukrainian forces under the orders of King Jose to cripple the Swedes to allow open way to Russians, and facing a big might with a huge Swedish forces to outnumber Spanish forces, thanks to new Technology invented, the Spaniards managed to wiped out their many Swedish soldiers or capture. On the other hand, the Bulgarians are capturing Bucharest, Tsar Mikhail I [3], plan to ally with ethnic Romanians to throw a tantrum against the powerful Ottomans and forced to negotations, On July 28, 1710, the Swedes managed to escaped into Ottoman territory, When his army surrendered, Charles XII of Sweden and a few soldiers escaped to Ottoman territory, founding a colony in front of Bender, Moldova. Peter I demanded Charles's eviction, and when the sultan refused, Peter decided to force it by invading the Ottoman Empire. But Peter forms an alliance with Bulgaria and Romania to Capture Charles XII, Romanians viewed Tsar Mikhail I and Tsar Peter as Liberators, establishing newly-independent Kingdom of Romania. On the other hand it failed when Charles XII retreats and allow Ottomans to sign peace treaty, Ottomans will recognize newly-independent Romania, but in exchange of deportation of all Turks back to Ottoman Empire.

In the Mediterranean, a war in sea face-off by Spanish ships, the Ottomans managed to outnumber their Spanish naval vessels by Ottoman Pirates, but the Spaniards has carried a new "Bombardo" ship to hit hard and pound hard to make rapid sinking of Ottoman Ships. On May 4, 1710, the Battle of Balearic Islands ended with more Ottoman ships sunk, leaving the act of humiliation to Ottoman Empire and totally Spanish Victory over the Mediterranean, with most Pirates sunk, thousands of captives were rescued. this battle saw the Rise of Spain as a world superpower again.

In 1710, the Swedish army in Poland retreated to Swedish Pomerania, pursued by the coalition. In 1711, siege was laid to Stralsund. Yet the town could not be taken due to the arrival of a Swedish relief army, which secured the Pomeranian pocket before turning west to defeat an allied army in the Battle of Gadebusch. Pursued by coalition forces, the Swedish army was trapped and surrendered in the Siege of Tönning.

In 1714, Charles XII returned from the Ottoman Empire, arriving in Stralsund in November. In nearby Greifswald, already lost to Sweden, Russian tsar Peter the Great and British king George I, in his position as Elector of Hanover, had just signed an alliance on 17 (OS)/28 (NS) October. Previously a formally neutral party in the Pomeranian campaigns, Brandenburg-Prussia openly joined the coalition by declaring war on Sweden in the summer of 1715. Charles was then at war with much of Northern Europe, and Stralsund was doomed. Charles remained there until December 1715, escaping only days before Stralsund fell. When Wismar surrendered in 1716, all of Sweden's Baltic and German possessions were lost.

Meanwhile in Western Europe, the Tories came to power in Great Britain in 1710 and resolved to end the war, ceasing combat operations in 1712. The Dutch, Austrians, and German states fought on to strengthen their own negotiating position, but defeated by Marshal Villars, they had to accept Anglo-French mediation. The Treaty of Utrecht (1713) and the Treaty of Rastatt (1714) ended the conflict by partitioning the Spanish empire. The Austrians and French received most of Spain's former European realms, while the House of Wittelsbach retained peninsular Spain and Spanish America, where, after renouncing his claim to the Bavarian succession.

After Charles XII had returned from the Ottoman Empire and resumed personal control of the war effort, he initiated two Norwegian Campaigns, starting in February 1716, to force Denmark–Norway into a separate peace treaty. Furthermore, he attempted to bar Great Britain access to the Baltic Sea. In search for allies, Charles XII also negotiated with the British Jacobite party. This resulted in Great Britain declaring war on Sweden in 1717. The Norwegian campaigns were halted and the army withdrawn when Charles XII was shot dead by Danish soldier while besieging Norwegian Fredriksten on 30 November 1718 (OS). He was succeeded by his sister, Ulrika Eleonora.

War between Russia and Sweden continued to rage. After the disaster of Poltava in 1709, the shattered Swedish continental army and abrupt continuation of rise of Spain as a global power could provide very little help. Russia captured Viborg (ru. Vyborg) in 1710 and successfully held it against Swedish attempts to retake the town in 1711. In 1712 the first Russian campaign to capture Finland began under the command of General Admiral Fyodor Apraksin. Apraksin gathered an army of 15,000 men to Vyborg and started the operation in late August. Swedish General Georg Henrik Lybecker chose not to face the Russians with his 7,500 men in the prepared positions close to Vyborg and instead withdrew west of Kymijoki river using scorched earth tactics. Apraksin's forces chases the Swedish forces and reached the river but chose not to cross it and instead withdrew back to Vyborg, likely due to problems in supply. Swedish efforts to maintain their defences were greatly hampered by the drain of manpower by the continental army and various garrisons around the Baltic Sea as well as by the plague outbreak which struck Finland and Sweden between 1710–1713 which devastated the land killing, amongst others, over half of the population of Helsingfors (Helsinki).
After the failure of 1712, Peter the Great ordered that further campaigns in war-ravaged regions of Finland with poor transportation networks were to be performed along the coastline and the seaways near the coast. Alarmed by the Russian preparations Lybecker requested naval units to be brought in as soon as possible in the spring of 1713. However, like so often, Swedish naval units arrived only after the initial Russian spring campaign had ended. ominally under the command of Fyodor Apraksin, but accompanied by Peter the Great, a fleet of coastal ships together with 12,000 men - infantry and artillery - began the campaign by sailing from Kronstadt on 2 May 1713; a further 4,000 cavalry were later sent overland to join with the army. The fleet had already arrived at Helsinki on 8 May and were met by 1,800 Swedish infantry under General Carl Gustaf Armfeldt. Together with rowers from the ships the Russians had 20,000 men at their disposal even without the cavalry. The defenders, however, managed to fend off landing attempts by the attackers until the Russians landed at their flank at Sandviken, which forced Armfelt to retire towards Porvoo (Borgå) after setting afire both the town and all the supplies stored there as well as bridges leading north from the town. It was only on 12 May that Swedish squadron under Admiral Erik Johan Lillie made it to Helsinki but there was nothing it could do.

While the Russians pushed into Central Finland in 1714, the Swedes tried to resist it. however due to Treaty of Utrecht, the Russians have limited their battles only to Central Finland, Peter demanded peace terms, Unfortunately, the Sweden refused to do so Despite a continued Swedish naval presence and strong patrols to protect the coast since 1715 small Russian raids took place in 1716 at Öregrund while in July 1717 Russian squadron landed troops to Gotland who raided for supplies. To place pressure on Sweden, Russia sent a large fleet in July 1719 to the Swedish east coast. There under protection of the Russian battlefleet the Russian galley fleet was split into three groups. One group headed for coast of Uppland, second to the vicinity of Stockholm and last to coast of Södermanland. Together they carried a landing force of nearly 30,000 men. Raiding continued for a month and devastated amongst others the towns of Norrtälje, Södertälje, Nyköping and Norrköping and almost all buildings in the archipelago of Stockholm were burned. A smaller Russian force advanced on the Swedish capital, but was stopped at the battle of Stäket on 13 August. Swedish and British fleets, now allied with Sweden, sailing from the west coast of Sweden failed to catch the raiders.

In the Caribbean, the French forces launch on an assault into western Hispaniola, the French forces and captured western portions of Hispaniola. while the British and French are fighting each other for disputed territories in North America. many French, Austrians and Spanish loyal to Philip V aligned native tribes and British and Spain loyal to Maximilian II aligned native tribes are fighting each other. One Austrians throw a final tantrum against Iroquois, General Reinhard Fugger [3] plan to final conquest to cripple the colonial enemy. On October 4, 1716, the Austrians had brutally slaughtered Iroquois and Native Tribes enemies, leaving remnants to be surrendered to Austrian troops. while the English launch battle against France and Spain loyal to Philip V, leaves massive economic devastation in Florida, In Acadia and Newfoundland.

In the final years of Twenty Years' War. Tokugawa Shogunate lead an expedition with 500 Spanish troops and 20 Dutch and French mercenaries against Nagano Shogunate, leaving 500 dead. Nagano surrendered.

In 1720, the Peace of Utrecht will result end of Twenty' Years War.


End of Twenty Years' War Treaties

End of Twenty Years' War, may redrawn up on the borders and territorial claims, the treaty recognizes Maximilian II as King of Spain (King Jose), thus confirming the succession stipulated in the will of the Charles II of Spain who died in 1700. However, Maximilian was compelled to renounce for himself and his descendants any right to the Bavarian throne, Peace of Utrecht provisions: Spain will cede Southern Spanish Netherlands (Wallonia), Bulk of Duchy of Milan, and Sardinia to Austria, Spain will cede the Kingdom of Naples and Northern Spanish Netherlands (Flanders) to France, Savoy will receive Sicily and parts of Duchy of Milan, Sweden ceased to support for Bourbon to Spanish throne. In addition, under Article X of the treaty Spain ceded Gibraltar and Minorca to Great Britain and agreed to give to the British the Asiento, a monopoly on the oceanic slave trade to the Spanish colonies in America. In North America, France ceded to Great Britain its claims to Newfoundland and to the Hudson's Bay Company territories in Rupert's Land. They also ceded the Acadian colony of Nova Scotia. The formerly partitioned island of Saint Kitts was also ceded in its entirety to Britain. France was required to recognise Austrian annexation over the Iroquois and commerce with the Far Indians was to be open to traders of all nations. France retained its other pre-war North American possessions, including Île-Saint-Jean (now Prince Edward Island), Saint Pierre and Miquelon, as well as Île Royale (now Cape Breton Island), on which it erected the Fortress of Louisbourg. Sweden ceded Swedish Pomerania, south of the river Peene and east of the river Peenestrom to Prussia, including the islands of Usedom and Wollin, and the towns of Stettin, Damm and Gollnow. Sweden will cede Russian occupied territories in Sweden to Russia. This paved way for Rise of Great Britain and Russia. In Spain, the Spanish Inquisition continued until 1750.

War of Austrian Succession
By 1740, succession crisis struck Europe again, this time in the Central Europe. Upon the death of the last Archduke of Austria, his daughter, Maria Theresa tried to succeed him as Queen of Hungary, Bohemia, and Croatia, Archduchess of Austria and Duchess of Parma. Her plan was to succeed to the hereditary Habsburg domains, while her husband, Duke Francis I of Lorraine, would be elected Emperor, due to Sallic Law, prohibits woman from taking the throne.
When the situation spirals out of control, when Prussian King Frederick II launched invasion of Silesia, using a variety of minor unsettled dynastic claims as a pretext. Frederick II wanted to unify the disparate and scattered holdings of his crown by gathering intervening lands into a unified, contiguous state. Prince Frederick had been only 28 years of age on 31 May 1740 when his father, Frederick William I died and Prince Frederick ascended to the throne. Emperor Charles VI had made provision for the succession of his daughter, Maria Theresa to the throne as Empress of the Holy Roman Empire. Although the Salic law prevented succession through the female line, during his lifetime Emperor Charles VI obtained consent from several of the individual German states that were a part of the Holy Roman Empire for his Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 which circumvented the Salic Law to allow his daughter to succeed to the throne. The war between Austria and Prussia, resulted European powers to dragged into Austrian or Prussian side. France an ally of Prussia honors their alliance and declares war on January 5, 1741, followed by Great Britain on January 6, 1741 as it honors their alliance with Austria.
Due to Spain's neutrality, King Jose refused to do so, because he feared there will be chaos, he said "I don't want to avoid mistakes to my people.", instead, he focused on Americas and Overseas.
Dutch takes advantage of war by honor to both British and Austrians to support, while Staaten-General drag their fleet in declaring war, not on the defense. It allowed William IV to deploy militia and send standing army into Southern Provinces, He was also allowed to deploy the Royal Dutch Navy. As soon as the Navy went to sea, the navies of the sea most notably, the VOC, followed. Declared war or not, they would defend the company assets from any aggressor. Once France joined Bavaria against Austria, the United Kingdom declared war on France. Again, the Staaten-General did not get half way through it's deliberation when word of a French declaration of war reached Hague. France didn't attacked Southern Provinces. instead it linked up with it's Bavarian allies and attacked Austria. this give United Provinces to pressure Spain entry of war against France, but Spain refused.

Following the invasion and Prussia's defeat of the Austrians at Mollwitz in April 1741, Maria Theresa's stubborn refusal to negotiate with Frederick almost cost her the rest of her lands: between May and September 1741 a coalition was assembled consisting of France, Prussia, Bavaria, and Saxony that intended to seize large parts of the Habsburg Monarchy. Maria Theresa's truce with Frederick II, the Convention of Klein-Schnellendorf in October 1741, came too late to prevent a Franco-Bavarian occupation of Bohemia the following month; and this was followed in January 1742 by the election of Karl Albert (elector of Bavaria since 1726) as the new Holy Roman emperor. However, at the same time that Karl Albert was acclaimed as Charles VII, Maria Theresa's army, consisting in large part of loyal Hungarians, turned the tide, capturing Munich, the new emperor's ducal capital, after liberating Upper Austria from Bavarian control. This was followed in June by the provisional peace of Breslau between Prussia and Maria Theresa, and the final expulsion of the French from Bohemia in December that year.

Rise of Civil Freedom or "Libertades Civiles in Spain"
Spain's new King Jose, adopted 1722 Constitution. 1722 Spanish Constitution has divided into different articles and sections, King Maximilian II Emanuel holds it's first elections on November 2, 1723, with a turnout of 78.4% in favor of Juan Guillermo Ripperdá, with Elections ended, Juan Ripperdá sworn as Prime Minister, new political parties, Royalistas and Progressives. King Jose recognized Catalan, Basque, and Galician as new language of Spain. he granted freedoms and created Spanish East India Company or COIE, to compete rival with Dutch VOC, and British East India Company.

Spain's Cortes Generales divided into 2, half of new parliamentarians are Royalistas, while majority of half of parliamentarians are Progressives. According to the Constitution of 1722, Article III, Section XXVI, Only the member of Cortes Generales are composing or creating and/or making the bill, which will have a debate and vote. If the bill has less than to pass or due to Opposition votes, then the bill will consequently fail to pass to Monarch and Prime Minister. If the bill has more than to pass with strong chance of votes, then the bill will pass to Prime Minister, effectively, Only Prime Minister will sign the Bill, then it become law and it will be implemented to public. Cortes Generales created bill which become law to grant Civil Liberties and full exercise of democratic rights.

According to the Constitution of 1722, Article I, Section VI, Only 25 years old and it has average or more income to have right to vote in the next election. In Article I, Section III, this state has no official religion with complete rights and freedom of religion is expressed, practiced and no limitations to only state-religion and no discrimination against any other religions. In Article I, Section IX, any other ethnic and language groups than Spanish is also accepted and no discrimination against any other languages other than Spanish and other language than Spanish is subjected to Second-Class Citizens.

The Enlightenment
It is often said that the Enlightenment is very and rapidly easy for Spaniards, due to establishment of Constitutional Monarchy. limitations to publish of press is lifted, with Freedom of Press and increasing scientific knowledge, Spain allows scientists to work inside our country. the famous Spanish scientists are Emmanuel Perez [3], Pablo Garcia [3], Beltran Acosta [3], and Miguel de Leon [3]. Technological advancement leads to increasing more knowledge and life quality to increase. Astronomer Julio Diaz [3] noticed a "green-blue object" like, while the Spanish crown and Prime Minister funded scientific expeditions and advancement to gather information about the potential botanical wealth of the empire and upgrade the outdated weapons.
Land reform and agricultural reform alienated both clergymen and landed elites in Spain. Charles chose to ally with the merchantmen of his country and a growing middle class that came with a new prosperity during his rule. An advocate of free trade, Charles reduced the tariff barriers that had been the core of Spanish trade policy for centuries.
Spain has a diplomatic agreement with Portugal to reduce Jesuits and replace with Bishops, the King Jose I, sends Prime Minister to improve relations with France and Portugal.

King Jose I, passed the "Equality in Vote and Rights" to reduce limitations and increasing printing rights. King showed to adopt a British-style government, Astronomy is more common and Prime Minister implemented literacy policy to increasing funds for education and creation of public schools. Astronomy is more common in Europe, from the invention of Telescope up to Space Exploration and Colonization.

Jose II
With the final years of reign of Jose I in 1754. Unfortunately, Jose I died, leaving oldest son to ascend into Spanish throne, Prime Minister Eduardo Delgado and all members of Parliament (Cortes Generales) mourned King Jose I, Prime Minister also attended the coronation of King Jose II, marriage occur when marriage of King Jose II and Sophie, resulted in formal alliance with the French to take back Gibraltar and Minorca, King Jose called "rightful Spaniards" to avenge for lost of Minorca to Great Britain.

The Prime-Minister sends ultimatum to Great Britain in order to give back Minorca to it's our people. France, former enemy of Spain now new ally, to get back those lost lands. However the British refused to comply. On March 4, 1755, incident breaks out when 3 Spanish soldiers shot by 7 British soldiers. the Incident turns so hot when Britain demanded apology to Spain. But Spain refused to act, luck are gone out. leading to big war.

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World Map as of 1750 AD
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[1] Jose I, provided reforms to civil freedom, holds first elections.
[2] Great Northern War expanded as European powers dragged into sides, similar to Thirty Years' War
[3] Fictional Names
 
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Chapter IV: Seven Years War, Rise of Japan, American Revolutionary War, Age of Revolutions and Democracy, 1750-1792:
With the luck runs out, the British and Spaniards are engaged in battles, Spanish King and Prime Minister honored support for France. At June 29, 1755, 4,000 Spaniards and 3,932 British Soldiers were killed at first battle of St. Augustine, leaving St. Augustine at hands of Britain. Thousands of Spanish Soldiers are retreated to San Felipe [1]. Arming civilians in every Spanish-controlled Florida to fend off British forces. With Ochoa Plan, General Antonio Ochoa [2] to have curious plans to arm civilians and to expel British forces and to start scorch-earth to raze every towns and cities. Unfortunately, the spy from 17 Colonies named Samuel McDonaugh, who is getting their plan while the General is going out to eat with his family, when he grabbed the plan, he ran away faster while he rides his horse and informs the commander of plot. General George Washington informed of plot by Spaniards, causing British to recruit Native American allies and Mercenaries. By Morning in St. Augustine, armed civilians amassed into British controlled, however, the Mercenaries from Europe and Japan defended to prevent Spaniards from retaking the St. Augustine.
With a momentum, the British launched a big raid into Spanish colonies in Asia, at Battle of Kannur and Kozhikode, Spain and Indian allies are defending their Forts and Princely-States from British and defectors. With Strength are 12,000 Mughal forces, 9,000 Spanish forces, 2,000 Indianos, 300 French troops, while the British had limited with 4,500 forces and Sepoys are 6,000 forces, however the Defectors on the British side are 16,000. Battle lasts with 4 weeks. Unfortunately, 3,000 Spaniards and 6,000 Indian allies are killed while 900 British and Sepoys even with 1,000 defectors are killed. Marking British victory and forced Spaniards out of war.
Meanwhile in Europe, Prussians make a steer against Austrians. while British forces help Basques to revolt, however the Spaniards put down the revolt and forced British to retreat. Spain is now dragged out of war.
Seven Years' War is a disastrous for Spain. Spain signed peace treaty with Britain in 1759. French troops in Quebec now retreated to Louisiana. Seven Years' War makes Britain as a world's predominant powers.
Bakamatsu Era has been ended in 1742. While Spain retained Japan as allies, while the Emperor of Unified Japan had plans to colonize the Pacific Northwest, first they discovered Sagakoku [3], then they established Sasukushima [4], they explored Tadeki River [5], the explorer sent by Empress Go-Sakuramachi, with the help of Spaniards, the Japanese Technological Advancement is up-to-date and resembles with similar to European ones. On June 8, 1758, Tadeki had explored southwards, then he explored into river of Tadeki, he met with Native tribes and start first mass with conversions to Oriental Christianity.

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Haidashima coast, where explorer Tadeki had arrived
[1] OTL Miami, Florida
[2] Fictional Names
[3] OTL Vancouver Island
[4] OTL Victoria, British Columbia
[5] OTL Columbia River
 
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