Some interrogations and thinking, tied to both alternate history of our world and my fantasy world, as I have a continent inspired by Africa and the (excellent) Nyambe setting...
Who lived in South Africa (and surrounding states) before the arrival of whites (and maybe Zulus, as I heard they just started settling the north, invaders...)? Koisans(?), so-called 'pygmies'? Was there 'empty' regions, like the Cape?
If the 'whiteys' didn't come, like if Europe never 'took' off by example, what would happens? Zulu Grand Empire, settling all? Would there be settlers from Malagasy culture(s) maybe, stuff like the trading counters in ancient Mediteranea? Could muslim powers go this far?
And would alternate crops be brought? Anything native or imported can grow well? Related question that I wonder about...