Okay, I've done my best to compile all the advice I've been given into this revised version of the timeline. Hopefully, it's better than the first. The earliest complaint I got was with Deseret in 1880-82, so I started there. The Hispano-Confederate War and the Anglo-American War have been dropped. Hawaii goes to Britain. Better stance with the Mormons. I swapped Missouri and Allegheny. France gives over French Guiana after the Anglo-French War. Korea ends up breaking the Anglo-Japanese Alliance (I did find something to do with it!). Cuba breaks away from Spain in 1912 and the C.S.A. goes after it then. America does get Western Canada in negotiations, but much, much less.
Better?
1880-1882- This marks the Race for Deseret. The Mormon Church eventually develops into two factions after the war-one pro-union and the other pro-Confederate, led by a man named Thomas Green. Green’s faction, while smaller, gained a great amount of attention on the continent, and Green eventually set out a series of demands for the new state of Deseret, known as Deseret’s Terms for Annexation. These Terms consisted of greater autonomy, along with a state constitution reflecting Mormon ideals, including polygamy. Whatever nation would accept their demands would have the right to annex the state. President Cleveland was unwilling to give the state any special privileges, under the Constitution religion was never supposed to mix with government. Confederate President Howard decided not to risk war unless Deseret openly declared its desire to join the Confederacy. When Deseret leans toward joining the Confederacy, U.S. President Cleveland authorizes the annexation of Deseret by the U.S. military (ignoring Deseret’s Terms for Annexation). Green then declares Deseret a Confederate state. The result sparks the Mormon War. Both France and Britain, though allied with the C.S.A., do not enter the war, wary of the other extending its influence. Britain also fears the liberation of Quebec. The U.S. navy destroys the C.S. navy, but the land battles drag on. Eventually, Green is killed in the fighting and his faction is broken. While the Mormons drop out of the war, the Confederacy hoped that Deseret would still side with them if they were victorious, and the war developed into a US-CS conflict alone. However, the Mormon War ends in a U.S. victory. The treaty results in:
1. The recognition of Deseret and Pacifica (Baja California) as U.S. states. The U.S. also retains the Colorado territory.
2. The C.S.A. cedes Missouri.
3. The freedom (nominal manumission) of all slaves. However, the C.S. follows the British example of pass laws in South Africa, limiting freedom.
While sporadically pro-Confederate Mormon movements did occur later, the Mormon population ended up with nearly all secessionists killed in the war (and most Mormons were already pro-Union). No serious secession movement gained real momentum again. The U.S. military, however, continued to have a strong presence in the region regardless.
1881-Alexander II of Russia is not assassinated, as he is not in the same location. After his public release of the Duma, Russia begins a long progression towards a constitutional monarchy.
The capital of the C.S.A. is also moved to more easily defended Montgomery, Alabama.
1883-Britain annexes the Kingdom of Hawai’i.
1885-French Indochina is established. The Empire of Mexico collapses, and Maximilian I is executed. Porfirio Díaz is elected President of the new Republic of Mexico. Alfonso XII of Spain dies. He is succeeded by Alfonso XIII.
1886-1895-The dominant Republican Party in the U.S. is split-resulting in Progressive Republicans (more liberal) and Traditionalist Republicans (more conservative). The idea of state’s rights leads to more regionalized parties in the C.S. Texas and the other western Confederate states are now slowly starting to become more irritated with the government’s continual focus on the Eastern states.
1888- Thailand is split between British Burma and French Indochina, rather than remaining an independent buffer state.
1890- Portugal ends the Anglo-Portuguese alliance with the Treaty of Windsor and refuses to leave its Pink Map. The Pink Map Standoff begins. Alexander II of Russia dies and is succeeded by Alexander III.
1893-The Japanese defeat the Spanish in the Hispano-Japanese War and gain the Philippines. Franco-Russian alliance is signed.
1894-Alexander III of Russia dies. He is succeeded by Nicholas II. Nicholas’s reign continues his grandfather’s legacy of a constitutional monarchy. This is reinforced after a visit to the House of Commons in Britain.
1896-The War of the Five Powers occurs, Prussia and Italy vs. France/Russia/Austria. France, Austria-Hungary and Russia win. France, in exchange for some land in northeastern Italy (Piedmont), does agree to leave Rome, resulting in near-complete Italian Unification. Russia and Austria take large portions of territory from Prussia. Prussia then forms the North German Confederation (including Liechtenstein).
1896-1906-This marks the beginning of the Confederate attempts to control the Caribbean to counter American influence on the continent. Most notably are the filibustering efforts in the Republic of Yucatan, Panama, Raizal, and the Greater Republic of Central America. The Greater Republic of Central America was invaded this year, and put under Confederate control. Among those killed in the fighting was Tomás Regalado.
1897-Seeing that a war with Russia is likely, Japan and Britain sign the Anglo-Japanese alliance to counter the Franco-Russian alliance. The Confederate Intervention in Yucatan also creates the Republic of Yucatan, and the Confederates begin a campaign of genocide against the rebelling Maya.
*Alaska will join the Union as Aleutia
1899-1908-The Fashoda Incident erupts, in combination with border disputes with the French over Indochina and Burma, subtle indications of attempting to make Korea a French Protectorate, and the Pink Map Standoff with Portugal, due to France supporting Portugal. The result is the Anglo-French War. Like the Napoleonic Wars of a century ago, this war spans multiple continents and has a great effect on the world.
The Anglo-French War was fought between:
France/Orange Free State/Austria-Hungary/Russia
and Britain/North German Confederation/Japan
The Japanese defeat the Russians in Asia and gain Korea, Karafuto (Sakhalin) and much of Manchuria. Japan ignores French interests in Korea, damaging relations. While the loss greatly damages Russian prestige, the blow is softened by blaming both the Duma and Nicholas II. Nothing occurs to lead to the 1905 Russian Revolution.
Japan quickly captures the Siberian coast, and harasses French Indochina. It sues for peace, being unable to progress further into Russia. Russia also exhausted from a two front war, are eager to end the conflict. American Theodore Roosevelt presides over the peace talks. After the war is over, both Russia and Japan claim victory. Britain finds that fighting the Boers and French in Africa proves to be too much, unable to make any progress. The North German Confederation on the other hand defeats Austria-Hungary swiftly (Hungary, already desiring independence and angered by quick Prussian victories make Austria-Hungary collapse both internally and externally) and captures Alsace-Lorraine from France. However, the war quickly drags out. Britain sells the Bahamas to the C.S.A. for money, where they become part of Florida. Nicholas II dies in 1902 in a train crash; he is succeeded by Mikhail II. In 1906, the U.S., led by now-President Theodore Roosevelt is about to declare war on Britain over the borders of Alaska. The British quickly head to the bargaining table “to prevent Sam from joining Marianne”. The U.S. is given Western Canada (which eventually becomes the states of Jefferson, Roosevelt, and Yukon) and returned the Upper Half of Maine. Eventually, the European Powers agree to a Convention. The results are incredibly mixed:
Britain recognizes the Orange Free State as an independent nation and the French claim to Fashoda, as well as Portugal’s Pink Map.
French Guiana is ceded to Britain.
France cedes Alsace-Lorraine to the North German Confederation. Russia cedes a great deal of Eastern Europe to the Confederation as well. Austria-Hungary gives up many of its possessions, including Silesia. France also must cede its Italian gains (Piedmont) from the War of the Five Powers to Italy, resulting in complete Italian Unification.
Other Results: Japan gains much of the Siberian coast. Japan’s control over much of Manchuria is also recognized.
After the war, France ceded Korea to Britain-however, Korea was already under Japanese control. The resulting conflict breaks the Anglo-Japanese Alliance. Korea remains with Japan.
The North German Confederation becomes the nation of Germany. Alsace-Lorraine greatly protests its German owner.
On the other hand, the defeat of Austria-Hungary leads to Hungary becoming independent after the war and the end of the union.
Russia also creates various buffer states (most notably Poland-Lithuania) after the war to shield itself from Prussian/German attacks. The reaction from the Russian populace is somewhat mixed. Russia prides itself on “defeating” Japan, but the new buffer states are contradictory to the pan-Slavic ideals of Russia. However, the nation’s government remains stable. Ultimately, Russia becomes a complete constitutional monarchy after Mikhail II takes the throne.
Another important reaction throughout Europe is a (brief) anti-imperial attitude. France, Britain, and Russia all fought in an incredibly costly war for two remote regions in Africa and, in Russia’s case, Siberia. Nationalism, however, remains high-only it now focuses more inward (for a time).
Japan now controls Formosa, Karafuto, Korea, much of Manchuria, the Philippines, and the Ryukyu Islands.
Financially, Japan and Russia are both very strained after the war.
Like the Napoleonic Wars a century before them, the map of Europe has been redrawn.
1905-1907-The Confederate-American War
Obviously, another Confederate-American War was bound to happen. The Confederate control of Panama and therefore the (still incomplete) Panama Canal proved to be the flashpoint. U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt leads the U.S. into a very successful war that succeeds in humiliating the C.S.A. Confederate President Woodrow Wilson resigns from the Presidency after signing the treaty that ends the war. Traditionalist Republican President Roosevelt also passes four amendments: income tax, direct election of senators, limits on child labor, and female suffrage (in order-16th, 17th, 18th, 19th).
The end results:
1. The state of Allegheny will be formed from Western Virginia and ceded to the United States.
2. The state of Sequoyah becomes an independent nation. The increasing amount of white settlers and an uncompromising white-supremacist government anger the Native Americans of the state. Before the war’s end, the state switched sides and aided the U.S. in exchange for independence after the war. The C.S.A. bitterly acknowledges its independence.
3. The Republic of Yucatan is given the option of returning to Mexico or remain independent-the Republic votes to remain independent, while against joining Mexico, the Republic is still fearful of any Confederate/United States influence. Raizal is also given the option, and chooses to return to Columbia.
4. The Greater Republic of Central America was also freed from Confederate control, and renames itself the United States of Central America.
5. Panama becomes an American protectorate.
1906-Manuel Estrada, without the support of the United Fruit Company, is overthrown in Guatemala.
1907-In order to please the western Confederate states, Texas is broken up into three states-Rio, Texas, and Alamo in order to give the Western States more senators. The Eastern-Western division in the Confederacy becomes more serious. Blacks also begin to protest their status, but are harshly put down.
1908-Guatemala joins the United States of Central America.
1910-Costa Rica joins the United States of Central America.
1911- France and Britain, in order to prevent further German expansion, sign the Entente Cordiale. This shocks and angers Germany greatly. British-German relations had begun to spiral downward immediately after the Anglo-French War, given their newfound dominance of the continent.
1912-Cuba successfully gains independence from Spain.
1914- With Finland’s relation souring with Russia, Mikhail allows the nation to become independent. (The increased democracy in Russia prevented Russia from becoming as authoritarian, which allowed the nation to form. Even though Russia was more democratic, attempts to Russify Finland as well as Russian losses in the Anglo-French War alienated its populace enough to call for independence. International pressure also added to the situation.)
1915-1918-The Russo-Japanese War begins in Manchuria. Russia still had some areas of Manchuria under its control, and now desired to take back its losses. In the end, however, Japan quickly and decisively defeats Russia, with Manchu soldiers fighting alongside the Japanese. Manchuria, while still seeing Japan as an occupying power, develops warmer relations with Japan, having assisted it in defeating a European power. Manchuria is recognized by Russia as a Japanese sphere of influence. However, Russia does gain some victory, taking back the Siberian coast-however; this is in exchange for recognition of Japanese control over Karafuto (Sakhalin). Japan is still financially strained.
1917-The Panama Canal is completed. The C.S.A. invades Cuba after a naval incident. The Cuban-Confederate War is very short and Cuba becomes a Confederate protectorate.
1918-The Åland Islands peacefully become an independent nation from Finland, mainly due to Finland itself becoming bloodlessly independent four years earlier.
Better?
1880-1882- This marks the Race for Deseret. The Mormon Church eventually develops into two factions after the war-one pro-union and the other pro-Confederate, led by a man named Thomas Green. Green’s faction, while smaller, gained a great amount of attention on the continent, and Green eventually set out a series of demands for the new state of Deseret, known as Deseret’s Terms for Annexation. These Terms consisted of greater autonomy, along with a state constitution reflecting Mormon ideals, including polygamy. Whatever nation would accept their demands would have the right to annex the state. President Cleveland was unwilling to give the state any special privileges, under the Constitution religion was never supposed to mix with government. Confederate President Howard decided not to risk war unless Deseret openly declared its desire to join the Confederacy. When Deseret leans toward joining the Confederacy, U.S. President Cleveland authorizes the annexation of Deseret by the U.S. military (ignoring Deseret’s Terms for Annexation). Green then declares Deseret a Confederate state. The result sparks the Mormon War. Both France and Britain, though allied with the C.S.A., do not enter the war, wary of the other extending its influence. Britain also fears the liberation of Quebec. The U.S. navy destroys the C.S. navy, but the land battles drag on. Eventually, Green is killed in the fighting and his faction is broken. While the Mormons drop out of the war, the Confederacy hoped that Deseret would still side with them if they were victorious, and the war developed into a US-CS conflict alone. However, the Mormon War ends in a U.S. victory. The treaty results in:
1. The recognition of Deseret and Pacifica (Baja California) as U.S. states. The U.S. also retains the Colorado territory.
2. The C.S.A. cedes Missouri.
3. The freedom (nominal manumission) of all slaves. However, the C.S. follows the British example of pass laws in South Africa, limiting freedom.
While sporadically pro-Confederate Mormon movements did occur later, the Mormon population ended up with nearly all secessionists killed in the war (and most Mormons were already pro-Union). No serious secession movement gained real momentum again. The U.S. military, however, continued to have a strong presence in the region regardless.
1881-Alexander II of Russia is not assassinated, as he is not in the same location. After his public release of the Duma, Russia begins a long progression towards a constitutional monarchy.
The capital of the C.S.A. is also moved to more easily defended Montgomery, Alabama.
1883-Britain annexes the Kingdom of Hawai’i.
1885-French Indochina is established. The Empire of Mexico collapses, and Maximilian I is executed. Porfirio Díaz is elected President of the new Republic of Mexico. Alfonso XII of Spain dies. He is succeeded by Alfonso XIII.
1886-1895-The dominant Republican Party in the U.S. is split-resulting in Progressive Republicans (more liberal) and Traditionalist Republicans (more conservative). The idea of state’s rights leads to more regionalized parties in the C.S. Texas and the other western Confederate states are now slowly starting to become more irritated with the government’s continual focus on the Eastern states.
1888- Thailand is split between British Burma and French Indochina, rather than remaining an independent buffer state.
1890- Portugal ends the Anglo-Portuguese alliance with the Treaty of Windsor and refuses to leave its Pink Map. The Pink Map Standoff begins. Alexander II of Russia dies and is succeeded by Alexander III.
1893-The Japanese defeat the Spanish in the Hispano-Japanese War and gain the Philippines. Franco-Russian alliance is signed.
1894-Alexander III of Russia dies. He is succeeded by Nicholas II. Nicholas’s reign continues his grandfather’s legacy of a constitutional monarchy. This is reinforced after a visit to the House of Commons in Britain.
1896-The War of the Five Powers occurs, Prussia and Italy vs. France/Russia/Austria. France, Austria-Hungary and Russia win. France, in exchange for some land in northeastern Italy (Piedmont), does agree to leave Rome, resulting in near-complete Italian Unification. Russia and Austria take large portions of territory from Prussia. Prussia then forms the North German Confederation (including Liechtenstein).
1896-1906-This marks the beginning of the Confederate attempts to control the Caribbean to counter American influence on the continent. Most notably are the filibustering efforts in the Republic of Yucatan, Panama, Raizal, and the Greater Republic of Central America. The Greater Republic of Central America was invaded this year, and put under Confederate control. Among those killed in the fighting was Tomás Regalado.
1897-Seeing that a war with Russia is likely, Japan and Britain sign the Anglo-Japanese alliance to counter the Franco-Russian alliance. The Confederate Intervention in Yucatan also creates the Republic of Yucatan, and the Confederates begin a campaign of genocide against the rebelling Maya.
*Alaska will join the Union as Aleutia
1899-1908-The Fashoda Incident erupts, in combination with border disputes with the French over Indochina and Burma, subtle indications of attempting to make Korea a French Protectorate, and the Pink Map Standoff with Portugal, due to France supporting Portugal. The result is the Anglo-French War. Like the Napoleonic Wars of a century ago, this war spans multiple continents and has a great effect on the world.
The Anglo-French War was fought between:
France/Orange Free State/Austria-Hungary/Russia
and Britain/North German Confederation/Japan
The Japanese defeat the Russians in Asia and gain Korea, Karafuto (Sakhalin) and much of Manchuria. Japan ignores French interests in Korea, damaging relations. While the loss greatly damages Russian prestige, the blow is softened by blaming both the Duma and Nicholas II. Nothing occurs to lead to the 1905 Russian Revolution.
Japan quickly captures the Siberian coast, and harasses French Indochina. It sues for peace, being unable to progress further into Russia. Russia also exhausted from a two front war, are eager to end the conflict. American Theodore Roosevelt presides over the peace talks. After the war is over, both Russia and Japan claim victory. Britain finds that fighting the Boers and French in Africa proves to be too much, unable to make any progress. The North German Confederation on the other hand defeats Austria-Hungary swiftly (Hungary, already desiring independence and angered by quick Prussian victories make Austria-Hungary collapse both internally and externally) and captures Alsace-Lorraine from France. However, the war quickly drags out. Britain sells the Bahamas to the C.S.A. for money, where they become part of Florida. Nicholas II dies in 1902 in a train crash; he is succeeded by Mikhail II. In 1906, the U.S., led by now-President Theodore Roosevelt is about to declare war on Britain over the borders of Alaska. The British quickly head to the bargaining table “to prevent Sam from joining Marianne”. The U.S. is given Western Canada (which eventually becomes the states of Jefferson, Roosevelt, and Yukon) and returned the Upper Half of Maine. Eventually, the European Powers agree to a Convention. The results are incredibly mixed:
Britain recognizes the Orange Free State as an independent nation and the French claim to Fashoda, as well as Portugal’s Pink Map.
French Guiana is ceded to Britain.
France cedes Alsace-Lorraine to the North German Confederation. Russia cedes a great deal of Eastern Europe to the Confederation as well. Austria-Hungary gives up many of its possessions, including Silesia. France also must cede its Italian gains (Piedmont) from the War of the Five Powers to Italy, resulting in complete Italian Unification.
Other Results: Japan gains much of the Siberian coast. Japan’s control over much of Manchuria is also recognized.
After the war, France ceded Korea to Britain-however, Korea was already under Japanese control. The resulting conflict breaks the Anglo-Japanese Alliance. Korea remains with Japan.
The North German Confederation becomes the nation of Germany. Alsace-Lorraine greatly protests its German owner.
On the other hand, the defeat of Austria-Hungary leads to Hungary becoming independent after the war and the end of the union.
Russia also creates various buffer states (most notably Poland-Lithuania) after the war to shield itself from Prussian/German attacks. The reaction from the Russian populace is somewhat mixed. Russia prides itself on “defeating” Japan, but the new buffer states are contradictory to the pan-Slavic ideals of Russia. However, the nation’s government remains stable. Ultimately, Russia becomes a complete constitutional monarchy after Mikhail II takes the throne.
Another important reaction throughout Europe is a (brief) anti-imperial attitude. France, Britain, and Russia all fought in an incredibly costly war for two remote regions in Africa and, in Russia’s case, Siberia. Nationalism, however, remains high-only it now focuses more inward (for a time).
Japan now controls Formosa, Karafuto, Korea, much of Manchuria, the Philippines, and the Ryukyu Islands.
Financially, Japan and Russia are both very strained after the war.
Like the Napoleonic Wars a century before them, the map of Europe has been redrawn.
1905-1907-The Confederate-American War
Obviously, another Confederate-American War was bound to happen. The Confederate control of Panama and therefore the (still incomplete) Panama Canal proved to be the flashpoint. U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt leads the U.S. into a very successful war that succeeds in humiliating the C.S.A. Confederate President Woodrow Wilson resigns from the Presidency after signing the treaty that ends the war. Traditionalist Republican President Roosevelt also passes four amendments: income tax, direct election of senators, limits on child labor, and female suffrage (in order-16th, 17th, 18th, 19th).
The end results:
1. The state of Allegheny will be formed from Western Virginia and ceded to the United States.
2. The state of Sequoyah becomes an independent nation. The increasing amount of white settlers and an uncompromising white-supremacist government anger the Native Americans of the state. Before the war’s end, the state switched sides and aided the U.S. in exchange for independence after the war. The C.S.A. bitterly acknowledges its independence.
3. The Republic of Yucatan is given the option of returning to Mexico or remain independent-the Republic votes to remain independent, while against joining Mexico, the Republic is still fearful of any Confederate/United States influence. Raizal is also given the option, and chooses to return to Columbia.
4. The Greater Republic of Central America was also freed from Confederate control, and renames itself the United States of Central America.
5. Panama becomes an American protectorate.
1906-Manuel Estrada, without the support of the United Fruit Company, is overthrown in Guatemala.
1907-In order to please the western Confederate states, Texas is broken up into three states-Rio, Texas, and Alamo in order to give the Western States more senators. The Eastern-Western division in the Confederacy becomes more serious. Blacks also begin to protest their status, but are harshly put down.
1908-Guatemala joins the United States of Central America.
1910-Costa Rica joins the United States of Central America.
1911- France and Britain, in order to prevent further German expansion, sign the Entente Cordiale. This shocks and angers Germany greatly. British-German relations had begun to spiral downward immediately after the Anglo-French War, given their newfound dominance of the continent.
1912-Cuba successfully gains independence from Spain.
1914- With Finland’s relation souring with Russia, Mikhail allows the nation to become independent. (The increased democracy in Russia prevented Russia from becoming as authoritarian, which allowed the nation to form. Even though Russia was more democratic, attempts to Russify Finland as well as Russian losses in the Anglo-French War alienated its populace enough to call for independence. International pressure also added to the situation.)
1915-1918-The Russo-Japanese War begins in Manchuria. Russia still had some areas of Manchuria under its control, and now desired to take back its losses. In the end, however, Japan quickly and decisively defeats Russia, with Manchu soldiers fighting alongside the Japanese. Manchuria, while still seeing Japan as an occupying power, develops warmer relations with Japan, having assisted it in defeating a European power. Manchuria is recognized by Russia as a Japanese sphere of influence. However, Russia does gain some victory, taking back the Siberian coast-however; this is in exchange for recognition of Japanese control over Karafuto (Sakhalin). Japan is still financially strained.
1917-The Panama Canal is completed. The C.S.A. invades Cuba after a naval incident. The Cuban-Confederate War is very short and Cuba becomes a Confederate protectorate.
1918-The Åland Islands peacefully become an independent nation from Finland, mainly due to Finland itself becoming bloodlessly independent four years earlier.