I came across a map of Africa from 1870 and was honestly surprised by how little of it was taken by Europe. Contrast it with 1910! Anyway, what do you think Africa would look like with the following assumptions/PODs:
- The Netherlands is partitioned along these lines following the Belgian Revolution: https://www.alternatehistory.com/discussion/showthread.php?t=107721 (ie no Belgium, Flanders stays with the Netherlands, the Great Powers guarantee Dutch neutrality, Wallonia goes to France).
- Alsace-Lorraine stays French. With the added industrialization (Walllonia was one of the most industrialized place on earth by WW1), France avoids catastrophe during the Franco-Prussian War. Germany still defeats France and unites, but France keeps AL and doesn't pay as much in reparations.
- Germany does not claim anything in Afrika. It concentrates more on the informal empire in East Europe and only builds a fleet large enough to protect its commercial interests, rather than something to take on the RN (because it's treated with less suspicion by Britain, among other reasons).