I'm not aware there too many troubles after the French had taken back the region, except economic ones due to wine competition. Was Gascony really resentful when French rule was imposed?
Resentful? Not really. At least, not enough to go in a war against the king only for this.
Still having an independent feeling? Yes.
In fact, Gascony (or Gasconies, as the region was divided) relied mainly on the local dynasties and rules. You can see by exemple that before the coronation of Henri III of Navarre as king of France, even the technically his not-navarrese possessions claimed to be distinct from France (especially Bearn). In fact, even after the official edicts that made the reunion happened, it wasn't clear for all (and by all, i mean the locals inhabitants).
Before him, and before the reunion of Abret and Foix possessions, you have many region where the king don't have a great hold. But it's mainly highland Gascony here.
The coastal Gascony until the Discoveries was declining because of the absence of trade with England, because of the loss of liberties (the french kings made the city of Bordeaux a "ville royale" and surrounded it with fortified places.
In fact, only the return of liberties and the creation of a Parliment of Gascony really helped the french kings to hold the region. Well, that and the lack of serious alternative.
But have an even short period were a official autonomous Gascony reappers and all is to be made again from the start.
Again, the gascon identity is really strong. Even today, it's the most distinct region of Occitania and during the modern times (until the end of XVIII/beggining of XIX) Gascony could means all of oc language-speaking aeras.