Christ. Not even the Pentarchy was that bad
Maybe a much, much worse War of the Roses that leaves England in even worse shape? Perhaps with the North dominated by a weakened Lancaster, Tudors running Wales, and a South on a wobbly Yorkist footing?
I was thinking of a worse Anarchy/12 c. The south coast/south east gets absorbed into some Norman/North French/Lotharingian political sphere which remains politically focused on the continent. Everything else becomes an English version of the pre-Napoleonic HRE, Scotland retains and absorbs Northumbria. That leaves Scotland as the dominant power by default. The difficult part is perpetuating that though.
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