I think Hornla makes a lot of good points that make it plausible that a Roman Germania could be held in the short term and developed enough that the Romans would not abandon it - at least until a Crisis of the Third Century situation, and possibly not until later.
Regardless of whether it made economic sense to colonize the region in the first place, it did happen and Varus was sent to prepare provincial administration. There is a clear Roman intent to hold onto their conquests in Germany. If we accept the POD - and it is very plausible to reverse the outcome of the battle and keep Roman legions in Germany - then there is little reason to believe that Rome will abandon it simply because there was a failed revolt that killed off most of the population likely to revolt which therefore has left the region populated mainly by collaborators.
The resources available in Germany are sufficient for the Romans to develop in the short term unlike the Sahara. There is a native population to provide labor. Adequate water supplies. Good agricultural land where even wine can be grown. Metallurgical deposits that were being mined even by the early medieval period or earlier. We can expect those to be exploited fairly quickly - within a few decades.
Roman Germania may never be one of the richer provinces, but it'll probably be developed enough that before the end of the first century it'll be kept. The Romans had to keep sending in legions there anyway so why not keep it as income generating area and at least keep something out of it?
What this means in the long term, who knows? If things had gone different IOTL even with Germania lost, the Western Empire could have survived in various forms. Would the extra dept of a Germania allowed that? It's at least plausible even if no one can say it's definite.
It will be vulnerable, but I think the earliest it could be lost or abandoned would be during an equivalent of the Crisis of the Third Century or the nomadic invasions of the Visigoths or Attila. By that time, the Empire's economic and political trouble could make Emperors decide that even with the loss of prestige, it would make sense to abandon it. I don't think the confidant and flourishing empire of the first or second centuries would consider it. Even after it loss, extensive Romanization could very well survive - I'd much rather settle a Visigoth equivalent in Germania rather than south of the Danube or west of the Rhine.