Effects of Nuclear Weapons
The
Nuclear Weapon Archive hosts, among lots of other nuke related information, the Carey Sublette Nuclear FAQ which is the starting point for any serious study of nuclear weapons and their effects.
The Effects of Nuclear Weapons by Samuel Glasstone, which you can find in single PDF format
here. Even though it is a US government sponsored reference, it does not try to convey the duck-and-cover-and-everything-will-be-all-right 1950's idiotic pro nuke propaganda. The only missing part is all the information about nuclear winter which were studied after the publication of this text.
The Glasstone book came with the Stranamore-ish Bomb Effects Computer Slide Ruler. You can find the online edition
here. If you really love the 1960's megadeaths atmosphere, there are instructions for building the physical ruler.
There is also a little known
blog which widely expand Glasstone related info.
Alex Wellerstein
blog. This guy is a
real historian who specializes in the history of nuclear weapons. His blog is very interesting and contains many info useful for Alt-History buffs, like many almost unknown potential PODs.
Mr. Wellerstein is also the creator of
NUKEMAP and
NUKEMAP3D, web tools which allow you to check in detail the effects of nuclear weapons on real places. The only problem is that these tools use today population data so for past periods you have to do some back-of-the-envelope adjustments for different populations. You can try one or multiple hits, with cumulative body counts. You will (or will not, if you are a sane person) be astonished of how quickly you get into 7/8 digit totals.
For some nuclear winter related information go
here.
For some AEC documents go
here.
For an idea of what acute radiation poisoning looks like, check Robert Johnston's
Database of Radiological Incidents and Related Events. For the major accidents, you will find links to the IAEA accident reports. Read them, especially those involving fatalities. After those documents, the suns and bananas propaganda will look different, trust me.