Rainbow Plans

All Rounder

Gone Fishin'
During the 1920s and 1930s, the United States military Joint Army and Navy Board developed a number of color-coded war plans to outline potential U.S. strategies for a variety of hypothetical war scenarios. The plans, developed by the Joint Planning Committee (which later became the Joint Chiefs of Staff), were officially withdrawn in 1939 in favor of five Rainbow Plans developed to meet the threat of a two-ocean war against multiple enemies.

The following war plans were drawn up:

War Plan Black-A plan for war with Germany. The best-known version of Black was conceived as a contingency plan during World War I, in case France fell and the Germans attempted to seize French possessions in the Caribbean Sea, or launch an attack on the eastern seaboard.

War Plan Grey-There were two War Plans named Gray. The first dealt with Central America and the Caribbean, and the second dealt with invading the Portuguese Azores.

War Plan Brown-Dealt with an uprising in the Philippines.

War Plan Tan-Intervention in Cuba.

War Plan Red-Plan for the United Kingdom (with sub variants Crimson, Scarlet, Ruby, Garnet, and Emerald for British dominions)

War Plan Orange-Plan for Japan.

War Plan Red-Orange-Considered a two-front war with the United States (Blue) opposing Japan (Orange) and the British Empire (Red) simultaneously. Ultimately this analysis led to the understanding that the United States didn't have the resources to fight a two front war, and it would make sense to focus on one front, probably in the Atlantic. Ultimately this was the decision made in the Plan Dog memo.

War Plan Yellow-Dealt with war in China—specifically, anticipating a repeat of the Boxer Uprising (1899–1901). War Plan Yellow would deploy the US army in coalition with other imperial forces to suppress indigenous discontent in the Shanghai International Settlement and Beijing Legation Quarter, with chemical weapons if necessary.

War Plan Gold-Involved war with France, and/or France's Caribbean colonies.

War Plan Green-Involved war with Mexico or what was known as "Mexican Domestic Intervention" in order to defeat rebel forces and establish a pro-American government. War Plan Green was officially canceled in 1946.

War Plan Indigo-Involved an occupation of Iceland. In 1941, while Denmark was under German occupation, the US actually did occupy Iceland, relieving British units during the Battle of the Atlantic.

War Plan Purple-Dealt with invading a South American republic.

War Plan Violet-Covered Latin America.

War Plan White-Dealt with a domestic uprising in the US, and later evolved to Operation Garden Plot, the general US military plan for civil disturbances and peaceful protests. Parts of War Plan White were used to deal with the Bonus Expeditionary Force in 1932. Communist insurgents were considered the most likely threat by the authors of War Plan White.

War Plan Blue-Covered defensive plans and preparations that the United States should take in times of peace.

*All of these are from Wikipedia*

Anyhow, pick which one would be the best and most likely one to occur and explain what effects it would have up to present day and what it would mean for the U.S going into WW2.
 
War Plan Orange. After 1924 it was the only one taken seriously. WP Violet & Purple ran second & were addressed in a ad hoc fashion by the Navy/Marines in the Bannana Wars.

Yellow was executed in a sort of practice invasion in 1927-28. In that case the Asiatic Squadron was reinforced, one of the combined arms Expeditionary Brigades of Marines was sent and the US Army 15th Regiment was sent. Shanghai was the focus of this small expeditionary force.

WP Orange was constantly rehearsed, gamed, planned, and researched by the US Navy. The fleet was oriented towards a Pacfic war, the development of the Marine Brigades and base defense battalions from the mid 1920s was focused on Pacific operations. Hardly a year went by without some sort of major Navy rehearsal for fighitng Japan. The Army was less interested. They did pariticipate in a joint planning board for combined operations, and contributed a few battalions to joiint exercises in the 1920s. But, the Depression ended that. Serious combined Navy/Army training did not start again until 1939 when division size amphibious exercises were ordered. The first of those was execcuted in January 1940 by the 3rd Division on the west coast. A Major Mark Clark was the G3 assistant who did most of the planning for the exercise in the Autum of 1939.

Were the US to become embroild in a Pacific war pre 1941 it advances the mastery of amphibious or littoral war techniques, and just about everything else in US war fighting ability. A US military of 1940 or 41 might look more like OTL 1943 in capability tho probablly not as large.
 

All Rounder

Gone Fishin'
War Plan Orange. After 1924 it was the only one taken seriously. WP Violet & Purple ran second & were addressed in a ad hoc fashion by the Navy/Marines in the Bannana Wars.

Yellow was executed in a sort of practice invasion in 1927-28. In that case the Asiatic Squadron was reinforced, one of the combined arms Expeditionary Brigades of Marines was sent and the US Army 15th Regiment was sent. Shanghai was the focus of this small expeditionary force.

WP Orange was constantly rehearsed, gamed, planned, and researched by the US Navy. The fleet was oriented towards a Pacfic war, the development of the Marine Brigades and base defense battalions from the mid 1920s was focused on Pacific operations. Hardly a year went by without some sort of major Navy rehearsal for fighitng Japan. The Army was less interested. They did pariticipate in a joint planning board for combined operations, and contributed a few battalions to joiint exercises in the 1920s. But, the Depression ended that. Serious combined Navy/Army training did not start again until 1939 when division size amphibious exercises were ordered. The first of those was execcuted in January 1940 by the 3rd Division on the west coast. A Major Mark Clark was the G3 assistant who did most of the planning for the exercise in the Autum of 1939.

Were the US to become embroild in a Pacific war pre 1941 it advances the mastery of amphibious or littoral war techniques, and just about everything else in US war fighting ability. A US military of 1940 or 41 might look more like OTL 1943 in capability tho probablly not as large.

True, but could it win against Japan?
 
War Plan Orange did mostly occur. It formed the basis of the historical US Pacific campaign.

I believe Indigo formed the basis of the actual Iceland occupation. How closely did Blue resemble actual peacetime planning and preparations?
 
Re: War Plan Blue. Yes, that plan was followed, at least the military side. The mobilization that started in 1940, the organization as the Army and Navy mobilized, and the changes in organization after the DoW in December 1941 followed the outlines. There were increasing modifications as circumstances evolved, & by the end of 1943 Plan Blue was largely complete or complete. On the industrial side Blue was thinly developed prewar, and was useful only in the most abstract sense. This was a result of zero budget for such planning. A largish army of clerks, managers, ect... headed at the top by economists and business executives was required to effect industrial mobilization. In the 1920s & 1930s Congress was entirely unwilling to fund a penny for that preparation.

'Freedoms Forge' by Herman & 'A Call to Arms' by Klein give two accounts of the industrial mobilization and both discuss from a business PoV the large holes in prewar procurement planning.
 
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