Ok. I'll put a more simpler question.
If Quebec was granted a looser political arrangment with the rest of Canada, would the other provinces want the same terms?
Doubtful. Canada's relationships between Ottawa and the provinces (as well as between the provinces themselves) is pretty fluid. They negotiate and argue with each other all the time. All a successful Quebec independence movement in 1980 would do with this is change the terms.
The odds of any other provinces seeking independence are quite low, though Canada without Quebec would exacerbate the power struggles between the West and Ontario, which would be by far the dominant province in this Canada. Canada would probably still be bilingual owing to the number of French-speakers outside of Quebec, but it would do little to shift the goalposts. What matters is the future of the society more than anything - by 1980, Canada was well into its social changes, and the old Anglo-Saxon legacy was becoming less prevalent in Ontario and BC but still relevant in Atlantic Canada and the Prairie provinces. The question is does this Canada double-down on its past, does it follow the OTL pathway or does the knowledge of what it did wrong with Quebec make them double-down on its path of social liberalism? How does the politics change long-term minus Quebec's influence?