Pre-1900 Lists of British Prime Ministers.

Bump.

Napoleonic Victory

1812: Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (Tory) [1]

1816: Charles Gray, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [2]
1820: Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [3]
1824: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [4]
1830: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [5]
1834: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [6]
1838: William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne (Whig) [7]
1842: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory) [8]
1845: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory minority) [9]
1850: Henry Goulburn (Tory [Peelite]) [10]
1853: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [11]
1858: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [12]
1862: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [13]
1867: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Tory) [14]
1872: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Unionist) [15]
1877: General Sir Harry P. Flashman (Independent) [16]
1879: Charles G. Gordon (Independent) [17]
1899: Herbert Kitchener (Independent) [18]

1900: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [19]
1905: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [20]
1910: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [21]
1914: Percy Harris (Moderate) [22]

[1] Bonaparte never invades Russia and instead puts the Grand Armee to use in the Iberian Peninsula. Here he defeats Wellington, crushes the partisans and establishes a client state in Portugal as well as Spain. With that, and peace established in the closest Napoleonic puppet states, Russia decides to stay in the Continental Blockade. Britain is distracted by the war in Spain, and can't commit sufficient troops to hold back the Americans (who invade and annex the Canadas and Florida). Britain maintains Ruperts Land, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward's Island.
[2] The Jenkinson government is easily toppled, many believe that the French could have been stopped if someone else had been elected ofther than Liverpool. Grey rapidly builds up the military and attempts to hold down republican pro-French revolts in Ireland. Bonaparte waits.
[3] With Britain convulsed with riots, Bonaparte had time to reorganise his empire. However, even while peace was restored to a radically altered Europe, Earl Grey was reforming Britain into a constitutional monarchy. Having appeased reformists in Britain, crushed the Irish rebels and brought in Catholic Emancipation, he expanded the Navy and isolated Britain from the continent, focusing on the colonies and determining to isolate Napoleonic Europe from the rest of the world. He helped the former Spanish and Portuguese monarchies establish themselves in the New World and helped crush rebellions there.
[4] Tired of Grey, the election of Wellesley ushered a return of the Tories back into office. Seen as pro-military and remembered for his attempts to free America of Bonapartism, he was really not very different from his predecessor.
[5] Wellesley secured control over the former Dutch overseas territories, with the exception of the Caribbean where a new Estate General was instigated for the Netherlands-in-exile. Mornington consolidated the British Empire in India and with his brother prepared an army to invade the United States and force them out of alliance with France - hoping to weaken the young republic as much as possible and take back their lost colonies in Canada.
[6] With the invasion brought forward with the suggestion of a Whig victory, the liberation of Canada was successful - Ontario and North Quebec were also gained along with much of Northern Canada. Additionally, Richard IV assumed the throne in 1837.
[7] The British agreed to leave the majority Francophone region in the south of Quebec to the United States, and ceded some land in the Prairie region of Ruperts Land. With British North America once more secure within the Empire, and the United States sufficiently weakened to not make a difference, both Napoleonic Europe and North Africa were isolated. However, with the crisis over the utility of the military-political dynasty of the Wellesleys was eliminated. The Whigs returned to government on a platform was maintaining the status quo rather than take a ruinous war to Europe.
[8] After another series of Irish riots, the Whigs were again ousted. The Tories returned, but faced their own set of problems. The most significant of these was a need to address the growing social unbalance in the country caused by the period of rapid industrialization. Scott, however, was highly reluctant to repeal the Corn Laws and approach the issue - instead referring to the somewhat lower-priority issue to the Empire's administration.
[9] The Tory party split not too far into Scott's administration with Peel leading Free Traders out of the party. This forced Scott to call an election hoping to crush the Free Trades before they could establish themselves. Instead no party achieved a majority. The Tories managed a plurality so Scott stayed clinging to power.
[10] Peel's death in 1850, just prior to the election, gave the free-trade cause a major setback. However, with the Whigs beset by internal squabbling and the protectionist factions of the Tories failing to rally behind Scott again, Goulburn - Peel's natural successor - won a surprising victory. Perhaps unsurprisingly, however, he only possessed a small majority.
[11] With the Tories divided and ineffectual, the Whigs storm into power, determining to turn the British Empire into a world leader, with all other competitors confined to one or two continents at most. They abolish the Corn Laws, and begin constructing an international alliance of states to contain enemies of their vision (US, France).
[12] Palmerston's government was most interested in Britain's relationship with the Russian Empire. Russia had been sitting quietly since the end of the Napoleonic Wars, and the Whigs were keen for their international geopolitical strategy to encircle the French Empire. Also key in their plans was Southeast Asia, as this was a region that Britain was keen to strengthen its position in to prevent a French (or American) sphere in the Far East.
[13] With the economy still growing, Palmerston's government felt safe. But in 1859, rebellion broke out in India. The French sent aid, and Britain found itself overstretched with its empire trying to prevent the existence of any other transcontinental powers. The rebellion was eventually put down, but it was clear to an ailing Palmerston that the Empire must be reformed so that no one part can cripple Britain if it is put in danger. Also, he realised that Britain cannot be sole steward of the globe. Just after he died in 1865, the Imperial Alliance was sealed between the Britain, Russia, the Empire of the Indies (Spanish-government-in-exile), and the Kingdom of Brasil (Portuguese government-in-exile).
[14] In 1867, with the United States on the brink of civil war and France facing domestic upheaval of its own, the Tories (now a united force once again) returned under the 3rd Earl of Malmesbury, James Harris. Malmesbury was a highly cautious leader - keen to play off Britain's rivals against each other whilst maintaining the central ground. The Imperial Alliance continued to contain American influence in Central America, and after the beginning of Brasil's industrialization in 1870 really began to pack some clout. Just before the 1872 election, Malmesbury met in secret with a number of prominent Southern politicians regarding British aid should an American civil war break out...
[15] The outbreak of the American Civil War in 1873 not only split the USA into several feuding chunks, but it split British politics and the Imperial Alliance. Inteference in the internal affairs of a sovereign state in support of slavers in the south, and later on socialists in the Mid-Atlantic states, was seen as arrogant and overbearing behaviour. The First Intervention on the side of the Confederated Republics of America (later the Confederated Republics of Dixie) alienated the more liberal members of the Alliance like the Dutch and Scandinavian successor governments in the New World. The Second Intervention on the side of the Worker's Union of America alienated Russia and the United Crowns of New Spain. Malmesbury retained power by reforging the factions that backed him as the Unionist Party.
[16] Rebellion broke out in Britain, and the Queen was a vocal supporter of the strikes and marches - calling into question the eagerness with which Malmesbury's cronies had pursued their aims in direct contradiction with Britain's opposition to slavery and radical socialism. In America, the secessionists had won the war, Dixie taking the south, and the WUA taking control of New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersery, Maryland and Delaware. New England become de facto independent. There is talk of rebellion against the much weakened Union government on the Pacific Coast, and along the Ohio River. With Malmesbury booted out of office, and with no coherent opposition party for the Queen to bring in, she makes a popular military man Prime Minister.
[17] Europe was in a frenzy of revolution and rioting, and in Britain it was no different. Flashman used significant force to quell unrest in the Midlands and southern Scotland, and this displeased the largely apathetic Queen. Dismissing Flashman, the monarch instead looked to finding his successor and found it within Gordon. Keen to balance British values whilst understanding the nature of the strikes, Gordon was keen to develop social and political compromise that would prevent violent revolution within the United Kingdom.
[18] Gordon maintained a peacable state for twenty years, ruling as a dictator while ensuring that the will of the people was properly enacted through the demands of Parliament. While Britain experiences unprecedented growth in this period, there are also growing reformist movements that take issue with Gordon's broad range of powers. His abolition of the House of Lords helped quell these voices, but when his successor was appointed by the Queen with no input by the people, those voices started to get louder.
[19] The transitionary government of Kitchener gave way to the restoration of democracy within the United Kingdom; whilst Gordon's reign had been dictatorial, it had not actually been too rough a ride for the United Kingdom, and the re-adoption of parliamentary proceedings was seen as a natural progression now that the revolutionary fervour had died down. Trevelyan was one of the founding members of this new government, and had surprisingly usurped more prominent speakers of his developing 'party' for the premiership. His 1900 term would be chiefly concerned with constitutional evaluation, and the drafting of a new British Constitution went down well with the general public. Uniting the old "Tories" the Conservatives were similarly minded regarding social and domestic affairs, and were keen to keep France under pressure whilst tampering with the growing influence of the American nations.
[20] Trevelyan soon discovered the world had dramatically changed since Gordon had taken up the mantle of power. Russia was rapidly industrialising, China and Japan were emerging out of isolation as new Great Powers, the domination of Europe by France was destabilising as the three German states of Prussia, Austria and Rhineland began to assert themselves. A few revolutions had taken place in the governments-in-exile around the world, leaving a few weakened (Portugal-in-Brazil), a few balkanised (The United Crowns of New Spain as the Kingdom of New Spain, United States of New Granada, Republic of Peru, Kingdom of Paraguay, and the United Provinces of Argentina), and a few strengthened (Confederation of the New Netherlands). Trevelyan reasserted Britain's global presence, and as modernisation began under his ministry, the full potential of Britain's vast imperial domain was being realised by some...
[21] With the turn of the new century, Britain was undoubtedly the dominant world power. With France struggling to stem the tide of its own decline, Amery would be elected with the intent of establishing a "world sphere" of British interests - something that would be regarded as a threat in Paris, New York and La Plata. Amery would also encourage the creation of a "New Royal Navy" and a largely self-sufficient army (which took what it needed from colonial territories).
[22] Amery's government entered into a localized conflict with the United Provinces of Argentina in late-1913 as the states' interests clashed around the Mestivier Islands*. His government increased in unpopularity, and this led to the rapid rise of the Moderate Party. Liberalism, seen as largely unpopular since the Troubles, had resulted in this centrist party occupying the position the Whigs had once held. Harris, a former Whig, would become the party's first Prime Minister with the intent to "make more friends" internationally.
 
Napoleonic Victory

1812: Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (Tory) [1]

1816: Charles Gray, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [2]
1820: Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [3]
1824: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [4]
1830: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [5]
1834: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [6]
1838: William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne (Whig) [7]
1842: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory) [8]
1845: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory minority) [9]
1850: Henry Goulburn (Tory [Peelite]) [10]
1853: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [11]
1858: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [12]
1862: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [13]
1867: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Tory) [14]
1872: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Unionist) [15]
1877: General Sir Harry P. Flashman (Independent) [16]
1879: Charles G. Gordon (Independent) [17]
1899: Herbert Kitchener (Independent) [18]

1900: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [19]
1905: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [20]
1910: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [21]
1914: Percy Harris (Moderate) [22]
1918: Percy Harris (Moderate) [23]

[1] Bonaparte never invades Russia and instead puts the Grand Armee to use in the Iberian Peninsula. Here he defeats Wellington, crushes the partisans and establishes a client state in Portugal as well as Spain. With that, and peace established in the closest Napoleonic puppet states, Russia decides to stay in the Continental Blockade. Britain is distracted by the war in Spain, and can't commit sufficient troops to hold back the Americans (who invade and annex the Canadas and Florida). Britain maintains Ruperts Land, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward's Island.
[2] The Jenkinson government is easily toppled, many believe that the French could have been stopped if someone else had been elected ofther than Liverpool. Grey rapidly builds up the military and attempts to hold down republican pro-French revolts in Ireland. Bonaparte waits.
[3] With Britain convulsed with riots, Bonaparte had time to reorganise his empire. However, even while peace was restored to a radically altered Europe, Earl Grey was reforming Britain into a constitutional monarchy. Having appeased reformists in Britain, crushed the Irish rebels and brought in Catholic Emancipation, he expanded the Navy and isolated Britain from the continent, focusing on the colonies and determining to isolate Napoleonic Europe from the rest of the world. He helped the former Spanish and Portuguese monarchies establish themselves in the New World and helped crush rebellions there.
[4] Tired of Grey, the election of Wellesley ushered a return of the Tories back into office. Seen as pro-military and remembered for his attempts to free America of Bonapartism, he was really not very different from his predecessor.
[5] Wellesley secured control over the former Dutch overseas territories, with the exception of the Caribbean where a new Estate General was instigated for the Netherlands-in-exile. Mornington consolidated the British Empire in India and with his brother prepared an army to invade the United States and force them out of alliance with France - hoping to weaken the young republic as much as possible and take back their lost colonies in Canada.
[6] With the invasion brought forward with the suggestion of a Whig victory, the liberation of Canada was successful - Ontario and North Quebec were also gained along with much of Northern Canada. Additionally, Richard IV assumed the throne in 1837.
[7] The British agreed to leave the majority Francophone region in the south of Quebec to the United States, and ceded some land in the Prairie region of Ruperts Land. With British North America once more secure within the Empire, and the United States sufficiently weakened to not make a difference, both Napoleonic Europe and North Africa were isolated. However, with the crisis over the utility of the military-political dynasty of the Wellesleys was eliminated. The Whigs returned to government on a platform was maintaining the status quo rather than take a ruinous war to Europe.
[8] After another series of Irish riots, the Whigs were again ousted. The Tories returned, but faced their own set of problems. The most significant of these was a need to address the growing social unbalance in the country caused by the period of rapid industrialization. Scott, however, was highly reluctant to repeal the Corn Laws and approach the issue - instead referring to the somewhat lower-priority issue to the Empire's administration.
[9] The Tory party split not too far into Scott's administration with Peel leading Free Traders out of the party. This forced Scott to call an election hoping to crush the Free Trades before they could establish themselves. Instead no party achieved a majority. The Tories managed a plurality so Scott stayed clinging to power.
[10] Peel's death in 1850, just prior to the election, gave the free-trade cause a major setback. However, with the Whigs beset by internal squabbling and the protectionist factions of the Tories failing to rally behind Scott again, Goulburn - Peel's natural successor - won a surprising victory. Perhaps unsurprisingly, however, he only possessed a small majority.
[11] With the Tories divided and ineffectual, the Whigs storm into power, determining to turn the British Empire into a world leader, with all other competitors confined to one or two continents at most. They abolish the Corn Laws, and begin constructing an international alliance of states to contain enemies of their vision (US, France).
[12] Palmerston's government was most interested in Britain's relationship with the Russian Empire. Russia had been sitting quietly since the end of the Napoleonic Wars, and the Whigs were keen for their international geopolitical strategy to encircle the French Empire. Also key in their plans was Southeast Asia, as this was a region that Britain was keen to strengthen its position in to prevent a French (or American) sphere in the Far East.
[13] With the economy still growing, Palmerston's government felt safe. But in 1859, rebellion broke out in India. The French sent aid, and Britain found itself overstretched with its empire trying to prevent the existence of any other transcontinental powers. The rebellion was eventually put down, but it was clear to an ailing Palmerston that the Empire must be reformed so that no one part can cripple Britain if it is put in danger. Also, he realised that Britain cannot be sole steward of the globe. Just after he died in 1865, the Imperial Alliance was sealed between the Britain, Russia, the Empire of the Indies (Spanish-government-in-exile), and the Kingdom of Brasil (Portuguese government-in-exile).
[14] In 1867, with the United States on the brink of civil war and France facing domestic upheaval of its own, the Tories (now a united force once again) returned under the 3rd Earl of Malmesbury, James Harris. Malmesbury was a highly cautious leader - keen to play off Britain's rivals against each other whilst maintaining the central ground. The Imperial Alliance continued to contain American influence in Central America, and after the beginning of Brasil's industrialization in 1870 really began to pack some clout. Just before the 1872 election, Malmesbury met in secret with a number of prominent Southern politicians regarding British aid should an American civil war break out...
[15] The outbreak of the American Civil War in 1873 not only split the USA into several feuding chunks, but it split British politics and the Imperial Alliance. Inteference in the internal affairs of a sovereign state in support of slavers in the south, and later on socialists in the Mid-Atlantic states, was seen as arrogant and overbearing behaviour. The First Intervention on the side of the Confederated Republics of America (later the Confederated Republics of Dixie) alienated the more liberal members of the Alliance like the Dutch and Scandinavian successor governments in the New World. The Second Intervention on the side of the Worker's Union of America alienated Russia and the United Crowns of New Spain. Malmesbury retained power by reforging the factions that backed him as the Unionist Party.
[16] Rebellion broke out in Britain, and the Queen was a vocal supporter of the strikes and marches - calling into question the eagerness with which Malmesbury's cronies had pursued their aims in direct contradiction with Britain's opposition to slavery and radical socialism. In America, the secessionists had won the war, Dixie taking the south, and the WUA taking control of New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersery, Maryland and Delaware. New England become de facto independent. There is talk of rebellion against the much weakened Union government on the Pacific Coast, and along the Ohio River. With Malmesbury booted out of office, and with no coherent opposition party for the Queen to bring in, she makes a popular military man Prime Minister.
[17] Europe was in a frenzy of revolution and rioting, and in Britain it was no different. Flashman used significant force to quell unrest in the Midlands and southern Scotland, and this displeased the largely apathetic Queen. Dismissing Flashman, the monarch instead looked to finding his successor and found it within Gordon. Keen to balance British values whilst understanding the nature of the strikes, Gordon was keen to develop social and political compromise that would prevent violent revolution within the United Kingdom.
[18] Gordon maintained a peacable state for twenty years, ruling as a dictator while ensuring that the will of the people was properly enacted through the demands of Parliament. While Britain experiences unprecedented growth in this period, there are also growing reformist movements that take issue with Gordon's broad range of powers. His abolition of the House of Lords helped quell these voices, but when his successor was appointed by the Queen with no input by the people, those voices started to get louder.
[19] The transitionary government of Kitchener gave way to the restoration of democracy within the United Kingdom; whilst Gordon's reign had been dictatorial, it had not actually been too rough a ride for the United Kingdom, and the re-adoption of parliamentary proceedings was seen as a natural progression now that the revolutionary fervour had died down. Trevelyan was one of the founding members of this new government, and had surprisingly usurped more prominent speakers of his developing 'party' for the premiership. His 1900 term would be chiefly concerned with constitutional evaluation, and the drafting of a new British Constitution went down well with the general public. Uniting the old "Tories" the Conservatives were similarly minded regarding social and domestic affairs, and were keen to keep France under pressure whilst tampering with the growing influence of the American nations.
[20] Trevelyan soon discovered the world had dramatically changed since Gordon had taken up the mantle of power. Russia was rapidly industrialising, China and Japan were emerging out of isolation as new Great Powers, the domination of Europe by France was destabilising as the three German states of Prussia, Austria and Rhineland began to assert themselves. A few revolutions had taken place in the governments-in-exile around the world, leaving a few weakened (Portugal-in-Brazil), a few balkanised (The United Crowns of New Spain as the Kingdom of New Spain, United States of New Granada, Republic of Peru, Kingdom of Paraguay, and the United Provinces of Argentina), and a few strengthened (Confederation of the New Netherlands). Trevelyan reasserted Britain's global presence, and as modernisation began under his ministry, the full potential of Britain's vast imperial domain was being realised by some...
[21] With the turn of the new century, Britain was undoubtedly the dominant world power. With France struggling to stem the tide of its own decline, Amery would be elected with the intent of establishing a "world sphere" of British interests - something that would be regarded as a threat in Paris, New York and La Plata. Amery would also encourage the creation of a "New Royal Navy" and a largely self-sufficient army (which took what it needed from colonial territories).
[22] Amery's government entered into a localized conflict with the United Provinces of Argentina in late-1913 as the states' interests clashed around the Mestivier Islands*. His government increased in unpopularity, and this led to the rapid rise of the Moderate Party. Liberalism, seen as largely unpopular since the Troubles, had resulted in this centrist party occupying the position the Whigs had once held. Harris, a former Whig, would become the party's first Prime Minister with the intent to "make more friends" internationally.
[23] While Britain rebuilt her international alliances, Harris encountered a growing problem within the Empire. As the various parts of the vast imperial domain industrialised, calls for autonomy and self-governance grew louder and louder.
 
Napoleonic Victory

1812: Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (Tory) [1]

1816: Charles Gray, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [2]
1820: Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [3]
1824: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [4]
1830: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [5]
1834: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [6]
1838: William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne (Whig) [7]
1842: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory) [8]
1845: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory minority) [9]
1850: Henry Goulburn (Tory [Peelite]) [10]
1853: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [11]
1858: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [12]
1862: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [13]
1867: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Tory) [14]
1872: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Unionist) [15]
1877: General Sir Harry P. Flashman (Independent) [16]
1879: Charles G. Gordon (Independent) [17]
1899: Herbert Kitchener (Independent) [18]

1900: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [19]
1905: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [20]
1910: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [21]
1914: Percy Harris (Moderate) [22]
1918: Percy Harris (Moderate) [23]
1922: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [24]

[1] Bonaparte never invades Russia and instead puts the Grand Armee to use in the Iberian Peninsula. Here he defeats Wellington, crushes the partisans and establishes a client state in Portugal as well as Spain. With that, and peace established in the closest Napoleonic puppet states, Russia decides to stay in the Continental Blockade. Britain is distracted by the war in Spain, and can't commit sufficient troops to hold back the Americans (who invade and annex the Canadas and Florida). Britain maintains Ruperts Land, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward's Island.
[2] The Jenkinson government is easily toppled, many believe that the French could have been stopped if someone else had been elected ofther than Liverpool. Grey rapidly builds up the military and attempts to hold down republican pro-French revolts in Ireland. Bonaparte waits.
[3] With Britain convulsed with riots, Bonaparte had time to reorganise his empire. However, even while peace was restored to a radically altered Europe, Earl Grey was reforming Britain into a constitutional monarchy. Having appeased reformists in Britain, crushed the Irish rebels and brought in Catholic Emancipation, he expanded the Navy and isolated Britain from the continent, focusing on the colonies and determining to isolate Napoleonic Europe from the rest of the world. He helped the former Spanish and Portuguese monarchies establish themselves in the New World and helped crush rebellions there.
[4] Tired of Grey, the election of Wellesley ushered a return of the Tories back into office. Seen as pro-military and remembered for his attempts to free America of Bonapartism, he was really not very different from his predecessor.
[5] Wellesley secured control over the former Dutch overseas territories, with the exception of the Caribbean where a new Estate General was instigated for the Netherlands-in-exile. Mornington consolidated the British Empire in India and with his brother prepared an army to invade the United States and force them out of alliance with France - hoping to weaken the young republic as much as possible and take back their lost colonies in Canada.
[6] With the invasion brought forward with the suggestion of a Whig victory, the liberation of Canada was successful - Ontario and North Quebec were also gained along with much of Northern Canada. Additionally, Richard IV assumed the throne in 1837.
[7] The British agreed to leave the majority Francophone region in the south of Quebec to the United States, and ceded some land in the Prairie region of Ruperts Land. With British North America once more secure within the Empire, and the United States sufficiently weakened to not make a difference, both Napoleonic Europe and North Africa were isolated. However, with the crisis over the utility of the military-political dynasty of the Wellesleys was eliminated. The Whigs returned to government on a platform was maintaining the status quo rather than take a ruinous war to Europe.
[8] After another series of Irish riots, the Whigs were again ousted. The Tories returned, but faced their own set of problems. The most significant of these was a need to address the growing social unbalance in the country caused by the period of rapid industrialization. Scott, however, was highly reluctant to repeal the Corn Laws and approach the issue - instead referring to the somewhat lower-priority issue to the Empire's administration.
[9] The Tory party split not too far into Scott's administration with Peel leading Free Traders out of the party. This forced Scott to call an election hoping to crush the Free Trades before they could establish themselves. Instead no party achieved a majority. The Tories managed a plurality so Scott stayed clinging to power.
[10] Peel's death in 1850, just prior to the election, gave the free-trade cause a major setback. However, with the Whigs beset by internal squabbling and the protectionist factions of the Tories failing to rally behind Scott again, Goulburn - Peel's natural successor - won a surprising victory. Perhaps unsurprisingly, however, he only possessed a small majority.
[11] With the Tories divided and ineffectual, the Whigs storm into power, determining to turn the British Empire into a world leader, with all other competitors confined to one or two continents at most. They abolish the Corn Laws, and begin constructing an international alliance of states to contain enemies of their vision (US, France).
[12] Palmerston's government was most interested in Britain's relationship with the Russian Empire. Russia had been sitting quietly since the end of the Napoleonic Wars, and the Whigs were keen for their international geopolitical strategy to encircle the French Empire. Also key in their plans was Southeast Asia, as this was a region that Britain was keen to strengthen its position in to prevent a French (or American) sphere in the Far East.
[13] With the economy still growing, Palmerston's government felt safe. But in 1859, rebellion broke out in India. The French sent aid, and Britain found itself overstretched with its empire trying to prevent the existence of any other transcontinental powers. The rebellion was eventually put down, but it was clear to an ailing Palmerston that the Empire must be reformed so that no one part can cripple Britain if it is put in danger. Also, he realised that Britain cannot be sole steward of the globe. Just after he died in 1865, the Imperial Alliance was sealed between the Britain, Russia, the Empire of the Indies (Spanish-government-in-exile), and the Kingdom of Brasil (Portuguese government-in-exile).
[14] In 1867, with the United States on the brink of civil war and France facing domestic upheaval of its own, the Tories (now a united force once again) returned under the 3rd Earl of Malmesbury, James Harris. Malmesbury was a highly cautious leader - keen to play off Britain's rivals against each other whilst maintaining the central ground. The Imperial Alliance continued to contain American influence in Central America, and after the beginning of Brasil's industrialization in 1870 really began to pack some clout. Just before the 1872 election, Malmesbury met in secret with a number of prominent Southern politicians regarding British aid should an American civil war break out...
[15] The outbreak of the American Civil War in 1873 not only split the USA into several feuding chunks, but it split British politics and the Imperial Alliance. Inteference in the internal affairs of a sovereign state in support of slavers in the south, and later on socialists in the Mid-Atlantic states, was seen as arrogant and overbearing behaviour. The First Intervention on the side of the Confederated Republics of America (later the Confederated Republics of Dixie) alienated the more liberal members of the Alliance like the Dutch and Scandinavian successor governments in the New World. The Second Intervention on the side of the Worker's Union of America alienated Russia and the United Crowns of New Spain. Malmesbury retained power by reforging the factions that backed him as the Unionist Party.
[16] Rebellion broke out in Britain, and the Queen was a vocal supporter of the strikes and marches - calling into question the eagerness with which Malmesbury's cronies had pursued their aims in direct contradiction with Britain's opposition to slavery and radical socialism. In America, the secessionists had won the war, Dixie taking the south, and the WUA taking control of New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersery, Maryland and Delaware. New England become de facto independent. There is talk of rebellion against the much weakened Union government on the Pacific Coast, and along the Ohio River. With Malmesbury booted out of office, and with no coherent opposition party for the Queen to bring in, she makes a popular military man Prime Minister.
[17] Europe was in a frenzy of revolution and rioting, and in Britain it was no different. Flashman used significant force to quell unrest in the Midlands and southern Scotland, and this displeased the largely apathetic Queen. Dismissing Flashman, the monarch instead looked to finding his successor and found it within Gordon. Keen to balance British values whilst understanding the nature of the strikes, Gordon was keen to develop social and political compromise that would prevent violent revolution within the United Kingdom.
[18] Gordon maintained a peacable state for twenty years, ruling as a dictator while ensuring that the will of the people was properly enacted through the demands of Parliament. While Britain experiences unprecedented growth in this period, there are also growing reformist movements that take issue with Gordon's broad range of powers. His abolition of the House of Lords helped quell these voices, but when his successor was appointed by the Queen with no input by the people, those voices started to get louder.
[19] The transitionary government of Kitchener gave way to the restoration of democracy within the United Kingdom; whilst Gordon's reign had been dictatorial, it had not actually been too rough a ride for the United Kingdom, and the re-adoption of parliamentary proceedings was seen as a natural progression now that the revolutionary fervour had died down. Trevelyan was one of the founding members of this new government, and had surprisingly usurped more prominent speakers of his developing 'party' for the premiership. His 1900 term would be chiefly concerned with constitutional evaluation, and the drafting of a new British Constitution went down well with the general public. Uniting the old "Tories" the Conservatives were similarly minded regarding social and domestic affairs, and were keen to keep France under pressure whilst tampering with the growing influence of the American nations.
[20] Trevelyan soon discovered the world had dramatically changed since Gordon had taken up the mantle of power. Russia was rapidly industrialising, China and Japan were emerging out of isolation as new Great Powers, the domination of Europe by France was destabilising as the three German states of Prussia, Austria and Rhineland began to assert themselves. A few revolutions had taken place in the governments-in-exile around the world, leaving a few weakened (Portugal-in-Brazil), a few balkanised (The United Crowns of New Spain as the Kingdom of New Spain, United States of New Granada, Republic of Peru, Kingdom of Paraguay, and the United Provinces of Argentina), and a few strengthened (Confederation of the New Netherlands). Trevelyan reasserted Britain's global presence, and as modernisation began under his ministry, the full potential of Britain's vast imperial domain was being realised by some...
[21] With the turn of the new century, Britain was undoubtedly the dominant world power. With France struggling to stem the tide of its own decline, Amery would be elected with the intent of establishing a "world sphere" of British interests - something that would be regarded as a threat in Paris, New York and La Plata. Amery would also encourage the creation of a "New Royal Navy" and a largely self-sufficient army (which took what it needed from colonial territories).
[22] Amery's government entered into a localized conflict with the United Provinces of Argentina in late-1913 as the states' interests clashed around the Mestivier Islands*. His government increased in unpopularity, and this led to the rapid rise of the Moderate Party. Liberalism, seen as largely unpopular since the Troubles, had resulted in this centrist party occupying the position the Whigs had once held. Harris, a former Whig, would become the party's first Prime Minister with the intent to "make more friends" internationally.
[23] While Britain rebuilt her international alliances, Harris encountered a growing problem within the Empire. As the various parts of the vast imperial domain industrialised, calls for autonomy and self-governance grew louder and louder.
[24] Amery had remained the staunch voice for the Imperialist right, and as a result of an increase in instability in the Empire his strong opinions were seen as necessary. The Imperials were voted in with a comfortable majority, and presided over the signing of the New Alliance with the United Crowns of New Spain, New Granada and the Kingdom of Peru.
 
Napoleonic Victory

1812: Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (Tory) [1]

1816: Charles Gray, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [2]
1820: Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [3]
1824: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [4]
1830: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [5]
1834: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [6]
1838: William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne (Whig) [7]
1842: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory) [8]
1845: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory minority) [9]
1850: Henry Goulburn (Tory [Peelite]) [10]
1853: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [11]
1858: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [12]
1862: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [13]
1867: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Tory) [14]
1872: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Unionist) [15]
1877: General Sir Harry P. Flashman (Independent) [16]
1879: Charles G. Gordon (Independent) [17]
1899: Herbert Kitchener (Independent) [18]

1900: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [19]
1905: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [20]
1910: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [21]
1914: Percy Harris (Moderate) [22]
1918: Percy Harris (Moderate) [23]
1922: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [24]
1927: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [25]

[1] Bonaparte never invades Russia and instead puts the Grand Armee to use in the Iberian Peninsula. Here he defeats Wellington, crushes the partisans and establishes a client state in Portugal as well as Spain. With that, and peace established in the closest Napoleonic puppet states, Russia decides to stay in the Continental Blockade. Britain is distracted by the war in Spain, and can't commit sufficient troops to hold back the Americans (who invade and annex the Canadas and Florida). Britain maintains Ruperts Land, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward's Island.
[2] The Jenkinson government is easily toppled, many believe that the French could have been stopped if someone else had been elected ofther than Liverpool. Grey rapidly builds up the military and attempts to hold down republican pro-French revolts in Ireland. Bonaparte waits.
[3] With Britain convulsed with riots, Bonaparte had time to reorganise his empire. However, even while peace was restored to a radically altered Europe, Earl Grey was reforming Britain into a constitutional monarchy. Having appeased reformists in Britain, crushed the Irish rebels and brought in Catholic Emancipation, he expanded the Navy and isolated Britain from the continent, focusing on the colonies and determining to isolate Napoleonic Europe from the rest of the world. He helped the former Spanish and Portuguese monarchies establish themselves in the New World and helped crush rebellions there.
[4] Tired of Grey, the election of Wellesley ushered a return of the Tories back into office. Seen as pro-military and remembered for his attempts to free America of Bonapartism, he was really not very different from his predecessor.
[5] Wellesley secured control over the former Dutch overseas territories, with the exception of the Caribbean where a new Estate General was instigated for the Netherlands-in-exile. Mornington consolidated the British Empire in India and with his brother prepared an army to invade the United States and force them out of alliance with France - hoping to weaken the young republic as much as possible and take back their lost colonies in Canada.
[6] With the invasion brought forward with the suggestion of a Whig victory, the liberation of Canada was successful - Ontario and North Quebec were also gained along with much of Northern Canada. Additionally, Richard IV assumed the throne in 1837.
[7] The British agreed to leave the majority Francophone region in the south of Quebec to the United States, and ceded some land in the Prairie region of Ruperts Land. With British North America once more secure within the Empire, and the United States sufficiently weakened to not make a difference, both Napoleonic Europe and North Africa were isolated. However, with the crisis over the utility of the military-political dynasty of the Wellesleys was eliminated. The Whigs returned to government on a platform was maintaining the status quo rather than take a ruinous war to Europe.
[8] After another series of Irish riots, the Whigs were again ousted. The Tories returned, but faced their own set of problems. The most significant of these was a need to address the growing social unbalance in the country caused by the period of rapid industrialization. Scott, however, was highly reluctant to repeal the Corn Laws and approach the issue - instead referring to the somewhat lower-priority issue to the Empire's administration.
[9] The Tory party split not too far into Scott's administration with Peel leading Free Traders out of the party. This forced Scott to call an election hoping to crush the Free Trades before they could establish themselves. Instead no party achieved a majority. The Tories managed a plurality so Scott stayed clinging to power.
[10] Peel's death in 1850, just prior to the election, gave the free-trade cause a major setback. However, with the Whigs beset by internal squabbling and the protectionist factions of the Tories failing to rally behind Scott again, Goulburn - Peel's natural successor - won a surprising victory. Perhaps unsurprisingly, however, he only possessed a small majority.
[11] With the Tories divided and ineffectual, the Whigs storm into power, determining to turn the British Empire into a world leader, with all other competitors confined to one or two continents at most. They abolish the Corn Laws, and begin constructing an international alliance of states to contain enemies of their vision (US, France).
[12] Palmerston's government was most interested in Britain's relationship with the Russian Empire. Russia had been sitting quietly since the end of the Napoleonic Wars, and the Whigs were keen for their international geopolitical strategy to encircle the French Empire. Also key in their plans was Southeast Asia, as this was a region that Britain was keen to strengthen its position in to prevent a French (or American) sphere in the Far East.
[13] With the economy still growing, Palmerston's government felt safe. But in 1859, rebellion broke out in India. The French sent aid, and Britain found itself overstretched with its empire trying to prevent the existence of any other transcontinental powers. The rebellion was eventually put down, but it was clear to an ailing Palmerston that the Empire must be reformed so that no one part can cripple Britain if it is put in danger. Also, he realised that Britain cannot be sole steward of the globe. Just after he died in 1865, the Imperial Alliance was sealed between the Britain, Russia, the Empire of the Indies (Spanish-government-in-exile), and the Kingdom of Brasil (Portuguese government-in-exile).
[14] In 1867, with the United States on the brink of civil war and France facing domestic upheaval of its own, the Tories (now a united force once again) returned under the 3rd Earl of Malmesbury, James Harris. Malmesbury was a highly cautious leader - keen to play off Britain's rivals against each other whilst maintaining the central ground. The Imperial Alliance continued to contain American influence in Central America, and after the beginning of Brasil's industrialization in 1870 really began to pack some clout. Just before the 1872 election, Malmesbury met in secret with a number of prominent Southern politicians regarding British aid should an American civil war break out...
[15] The outbreak of the American Civil War in 1873 not only split the USA into several feuding chunks, but it split British politics and the Imperial Alliance. Inteference in the internal affairs of a sovereign state in support of slavers in the south, and later on socialists in the Mid-Atlantic states, was seen as arrogant and overbearing behaviour. The First Intervention on the side of the Confederated Republics of America (later the Confederated Republics of Dixie) alienated the more liberal members of the Alliance like the Dutch and Scandinavian successor governments in the New World. The Second Intervention on the side of the Worker's Union of America alienated Russia and the United Crowns of New Spain. Malmesbury retained power by reforging the factions that backed him as the Unionist Party.
[16] Rebellion broke out in Britain, and the Queen was a vocal supporter of the strikes and marches - calling into question the eagerness with which Malmesbury's cronies had pursued their aims in direct contradiction with Britain's opposition to slavery and radical socialism. In America, the secessionists had won the war, Dixie taking the south, and the WUA taking control of New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersery, Maryland and Delaware. New England become de facto independent. There is talk of rebellion against the much weakened Union government on the Pacific Coast, and along the Ohio River. With Malmesbury booted out of office, and with no coherent opposition party for the Queen to bring in, she makes a popular military man Prime Minister.
[17] Europe was in a frenzy of revolution and rioting, and in Britain it was no different. Flashman used significant force to quell unrest in the Midlands and southern Scotland, and this displeased the largely apathetic Queen. Dismissing Flashman, the monarch instead looked to finding his successor and found it within Gordon. Keen to balance British values whilst understanding the nature of the strikes, Gordon was keen to develop social and political compromise that would prevent violent revolution within the United Kingdom.
[18] Gordon maintained a peacable state for twenty years, ruling as a dictator while ensuring that the will of the people was properly enacted through the demands of Parliament. While Britain experiences unprecedented growth in this period, there are also growing reformist movements that take issue with Gordon's broad range of powers. His abolition of the House of Lords helped quell these voices, but when his successor was appointed by the Queen with no input by the people, those voices started to get louder.
[19] The transitionary government of Kitchener gave way to the restoration of democracy within the United Kingdom; whilst Gordon's reign had been dictatorial, it had not actually been too rough a ride for the United Kingdom, and the re-adoption of parliamentary proceedings was seen as a natural progression now that the revolutionary fervour had died down. Trevelyan was one of the founding members of this new government, and had surprisingly usurped more prominent speakers of his developing 'party' for the premiership. His 1900 term would be chiefly concerned with constitutional evaluation, and the drafting of a new British Constitution went down well with the general public. Uniting the old "Tories" the Conservatives were similarly minded regarding social and domestic affairs, and were keen to keep France under pressure whilst tampering with the growing influence of the American nations.
[20] Trevelyan soon discovered the world had dramatically changed since Gordon had taken up the mantle of power. Russia was rapidly industrialising, China and Japan were emerging out of isolation as new Great Powers, the domination of Europe by France was destabilising as the three German states of Prussia, Austria and Rhineland began to assert themselves. A few revolutions had taken place in the governments-in-exile around the world, leaving a few weakened (Portugal-in-Brazil), a few balkanised (The United Crowns of New Spain as the Kingdom of New Spain, United States of New Granada, Republic of Peru, Kingdom of Paraguay, and the United Provinces of Argentina), and a few strengthened (Confederation of the New Netherlands). Trevelyan reasserted Britain's global presence, and as modernisation began under his ministry, the full potential of Britain's vast imperial domain was being realised by some...
[21] With the turn of the new century, Britain was undoubtedly the dominant world power. With France struggling to stem the tide of its own decline, Amery would be elected with the intent of establishing a "world sphere" of British interests - something that would be regarded as a threat in Paris, New York and La Plata. Amery would also encourage the creation of a "New Royal Navy" and a largely self-sufficient army (which took what it needed from colonial territories).
[22] Amery's government entered into a localized conflict with the United Provinces of Argentina in late-1913 as the states' interests clashed around the Mestivier Islands*. His government increased in unpopularity, and this led to the rapid rise of the Moderate Party. Liberalism, seen as largely unpopular since the Troubles, had resulted in this centrist party occupying the position the Whigs had once held. Harris, a former Whig, would become the party's first Prime Minister with the intent to "make more friends" internationally.
[23] While Britain rebuilt her international alliances, Harris encountered a growing problem within the Empire. As the various parts of the vast imperial domain industrialised, calls for autonomy and self-governance grew louder and louder.
[24] Amery had remained the staunch voice for the Imperialist right, and as a result of an increase in instability in the Empire his strong opinions were seen as necessary. The Imperials were voted in with a comfortable majority, and presided over the signing of the New Alliance with the United Crowns of New Spain, New Granada and the Kingdom of Peru.
[25] Under Amery's direction, the British Empire adopted a new federal system like that of the United Crowns of New Spain. Though for now, only the White Colonies were part of the New Empire.
 
Napoleonic Victory

1812: Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (Tory) [1]

1816: Charles Gray, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [2]
1820: Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [3]
1824: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [4]
1830: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [5]
1834: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [6]
1838: William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne (Whig) [7]
1842: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory) [8]
1845: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory minority) [9]
1850: Henry Goulburn (Tory [Peelite]) [10]
1853: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [11]
1858: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [12]
1862: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [13]
1867: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Tory) [14]
1872: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Unionist) [15]
1877: General Sir Harry P. Flashman (Independent) [16]
1879: Charles G. Gordon (Independent) [17]
1899: Herbert Kitchener (Independent) [18]

1900: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [19]
1905: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [20]
1910: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [21]
1914: Percy Harris (Moderate) [22]
1918: Percy Harris (Moderate) [23]
1922: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [24]
1927: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [25]
1932: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate) [26]

[1] Bonaparte never invades Russia and instead puts the Grand Armee to use in the Iberian Peninsula. Here he defeats Wellington, crushes the partisans and establishes a client state in Portugal as well as Spain. With that, and peace established in the closest Napoleonic puppet states, Russia decides to stay in the Continental Blockade. Britain is distracted by the war in Spain, and can't commit sufficient troops to hold back the Americans (who invade and annex the Canadas and Florida). Britain maintains Ruperts Land, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward's Island.
[2] The Jenkinson government is easily toppled, many believe that the French could have been stopped if someone else had been elected ofther than Liverpool. Grey rapidly builds up the military and attempts to hold down republican pro-French revolts in Ireland. Bonaparte waits.
[3] With Britain convulsed with riots, Bonaparte had time to reorganise his empire. However, even while peace was restored to a radically altered Europe, Earl Grey was reforming Britain into a constitutional monarchy. Having appeased reformists in Britain, crushed the Irish rebels and brought in Catholic Emancipation, he expanded the Navy and isolated Britain from the continent, focusing on the colonies and determining to isolate Napoleonic Europe from the rest of the world. He helped the former Spanish and Portuguese monarchies establish themselves in the New World and helped crush rebellions there.
[4] Tired of Grey, the election of Wellesley ushered a return of the Tories back into office. Seen as pro-military and remembered for his attempts to free America of Bonapartism, he was really not very different from his predecessor.
[5] Wellesley secured control over the former Dutch overseas territories, with the exception of the Caribbean where a new Estate General was instigated for the Netherlands-in-exile. Mornington consolidated the British Empire in India and with his brother prepared an army to invade the United States and force them out of alliance with France - hoping to weaken the young republic as much as possible and take back their lost colonies in Canada.
[6] With the invasion brought forward with the suggestion of a Whig victory, the liberation of Canada was successful - Ontario and North Quebec were also gained along with much of Northern Canada. Additionally, Richard IV assumed the throne in 1837.
[7] The British agreed to leave the majority Francophone region in the south of Quebec to the United States, and ceded some land in the Prairie region of Ruperts Land. With British North America once more secure within the Empire, and the United States sufficiently weakened to not make a difference, both Napoleonic Europe and North Africa were isolated. However, with the crisis over the utility of the military-political dynasty of the Wellesleys was eliminated. The Whigs returned to government on a platform was maintaining the status quo rather than take a ruinous war to Europe.
[8] After another series of Irish riots, the Whigs were again ousted. The Tories returned, but faced their own set of problems. The most significant of these was a need to address the growing social unbalance in the country caused by the period of rapid industrialization. Scott, however, was highly reluctant to repeal the Corn Laws and approach the issue - instead referring to the somewhat lower-priority issue to the Empire's administration.
[9] The Tory party split not too far into Scott's administration with Peel leading Free Traders out of the party. This forced Scott to call an election hoping to crush the Free Trades before they could establish themselves. Instead no party achieved a majority. The Tories managed a plurality so Scott stayed clinging to power.
[10] Peel's death in 1850, just prior to the election, gave the free-trade cause a major setback. However, with the Whigs beset by internal squabbling and the protectionist factions of the Tories failing to rally behind Scott again, Goulburn - Peel's natural successor - won a surprising victory. Perhaps unsurprisingly, however, he only possessed a small majority.
[11] With the Tories divided and ineffectual, the Whigs storm into power, determining to turn the British Empire into a world leader, with all other competitors confined to one or two continents at most. They abolish the Corn Laws, and begin constructing an international alliance of states to contain enemies of their vision (US, France).
[12] Palmerston's government was most interested in Britain's relationship with the Russian Empire. Russia had been sitting quietly since the end of the Napoleonic Wars, and the Whigs were keen for their international geopolitical strategy to encircle the French Empire. Also key in their plans was Southeast Asia, as this was a region that Britain was keen to strengthen its position in to prevent a French (or American) sphere in the Far East.
[13] With the economy still growing, Palmerston's government felt safe. But in 1859, rebellion broke out in India. The French sent aid, and Britain found itself overstretched with its empire trying to prevent the existence of any other transcontinental powers. The rebellion was eventually put down, but it was clear to an ailing Palmerston that the Empire must be reformed so that no one part can cripple Britain if it is put in danger. Also, he realised that Britain cannot be sole steward of the globe. Just after he died in 1865, the Imperial Alliance was sealed between the Britain, Russia, the Empire of the Indies (Spanish-government-in-exile), and the Kingdom of Brasil (Portuguese government-in-exile).
[14] In 1867, with the United States on the brink of civil war and France facing domestic upheaval of its own, the Tories (now a united force once again) returned under the 3rd Earl of Malmesbury, James Harris. Malmesbury was a highly cautious leader - keen to play off Britain's rivals against each other whilst maintaining the central ground. The Imperial Alliance continued to contain American influence in Central America, and after the beginning of Brasil's industrialization in 1870 really began to pack some clout. Just before the 1872 election, Malmesbury met in secret with a number of prominent Southern politicians regarding British aid should an American civil war break out...
[15] The outbreak of the American Civil War in 1873 not only split the USA into several feuding chunks, but it split British politics and the Imperial Alliance. Inteference in the internal affairs of a sovereign state in support of slavers in the south, and later on socialists in the Mid-Atlantic states, was seen as arrogant and overbearing behaviour. The First Intervention on the side of the Confederated Republics of America (later the Confederated Republics of Dixie) alienated the more liberal members of the Alliance like the Dutch and Scandinavian successor governments in the New World. The Second Intervention on the side of the Worker's Union of America alienated Russia and the United Crowns of New Spain. Malmesbury retained power by reforging the factions that backed him as the Unionist Party.
[16] Rebellion broke out in Britain, and the Queen was a vocal supporter of the strikes and marches - calling into question the eagerness with which Malmesbury's cronies had pursued their aims in direct contradiction with Britain's opposition to slavery and radical socialism. In America, the secessionists had won the war, Dixie taking the south, and the WUA taking control of New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersery, Maryland and Delaware. New England become de facto independent. There is talk of rebellion against the much weakened Union government on the Pacific Coast, and along the Ohio River. With Malmesbury booted out of office, and with no coherent opposition party for the Queen to bring in, she makes a popular military man Prime Minister.
[17] Europe was in a frenzy of revolution and rioting, and in Britain it was no different. Flashman used significant force to quell unrest in the Midlands and southern Scotland, and this displeased the largely apathetic Queen. Dismissing Flashman, the monarch instead looked to finding his successor and found it within Gordon. Keen to balance British values whilst understanding the nature of the strikes, Gordon was keen to develop social and political compromise that would prevent violent revolution within the United Kingdom.
[18] Gordon maintained a peacable state for twenty years, ruling as a dictator while ensuring that the will of the people was properly enacted through the demands of Parliament. While Britain experiences unprecedented growth in this period, there are also growing reformist movements that take issue with Gordon's broad range of powers. His abolition of the House of Lords helped quell these voices, but when his successor was appointed by the Queen with no input by the people, those voices started to get louder.
[19] The transitionary government of Kitchener gave way to the restoration of democracy within the United Kingdom; whilst Gordon's reign had been dictatorial, it had not actually been too rough a ride for the United Kingdom, and the re-adoption of parliamentary proceedings was seen as a natural progression now that the revolutionary fervour had died down. Trevelyan was one of the founding members of this new government, and had surprisingly usurped more prominent speakers of his developing 'party' for the premiership. His 1900 term would be chiefly concerned with constitutional evaluation, and the drafting of a new British Constitution went down well with the general public. Uniting the old "Tories" the Conservatives were similarly minded regarding social and domestic affairs, and were keen to keep France under pressure whilst tampering with the growing influence of the American nations.
[20] Trevelyan soon discovered the world had dramatically changed since Gordon had taken up the mantle of power. Russia was rapidly industrialising, China and Japan were emerging out of isolation as new Great Powers, the domination of Europe by France was destabilising as the three German states of Prussia, Austria and Rhineland began to assert themselves. A few revolutions had taken place in the governments-in-exile around the world, leaving a few weakened (Portugal-in-Brazil), a few balkanised (The United Crowns of New Spain as the Kingdom of New Spain, United States of New Granada, Republic of Peru, Kingdom of Paraguay, and the United Provinces of Argentina), and a few strengthened (Confederation of the New Netherlands). Trevelyan reasserted Britain's global presence, and as modernisation began under his ministry, the full potential of Britain's vast imperial domain was being realised by some...
[21] With the turn of the new century, Britain was undoubtedly the dominant world power. With France struggling to stem the tide of its own decline, Amery would be elected with the intent of establishing a "world sphere" of British interests - something that would be regarded as a threat in Paris, New York and La Plata. Amery would also encourage the creation of a "New Royal Navy" and a largely self-sufficient army (which took what it needed from colonial territories).
[22] Amery's government entered into a localized conflict with the United Provinces of Argentina in late-1913 as the states' interests clashed around the Mestivier Islands*. His government increased in unpopularity, and this led to the rapid rise of the Moderate Party. Liberalism, seen as largely unpopular since the Troubles, had resulted in this centrist party occupying the position the Whigs had once held. Harris, a former Whig, would become the party's first Prime Minister with the intent to "make more friends" internationally.
[23] While Britain rebuilt her international alliances, Harris encountered a growing problem within the Empire. As the various parts of the vast imperial domain industrialised, calls for autonomy and self-governance grew louder and louder.
[24] Amery had remained the staunch voice for the Imperialist right, and as a result of an increase in instability in the Empire his strong opinions were seen as necessary. The Imperials were voted in with a comfortable majority, and presided over the signing of the New Alliance with the United Crowns of New Spain, New Granada and the Kingdom of Peru.
[25] Under Amery's direction, the British Empire adopted a new federal system like that of the United Crowns of New Spain. Though for now, only the White Colonies were part of the New Empire.
[26] The Moderates returned in 1932 under Caine, and this would be a decisive tenure. France had been in chaos for many years, but after the Prussian Revolution in 1934 their hegemony of the European continent slipped completely. The Autumn of 1932 saw most French puppet nations fall out of its sphere (violently or otherwise). Caine funded dissident groups within France, and supported New Spain's declaration of war in 1935 (whilst remaining neutral).
 
Napoleonic Victory

1812: Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (Tory) [1]

1816: Charles Gray, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [2]
1820: Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [3]
1824: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [4]
1830: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [5]
1834: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [6]
1838: William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne (Whig) [7]
1842: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory) [8]
1845: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory minority) [9]
1850: Henry Goulburn (Tory [Peelite]) [10]
1853: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [11]
1858: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [12]
1862: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [13]
1867: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Tory) [14]
1872: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Unionist) [15]
1877: General Sir Harry P. Flashman (Independent) [16]
1879: Charles G. Gordon (Independent) [17]
1899: Herbert Kitchener (Independent) [18]

1900: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [19]
1905: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [20]
1910: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [21]
1914: Percy Harris (Moderate) [22]
1918: Percy Harris (Moderate) [23]
1922: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [24]
1927: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [25]
1932: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate) [26]
1937: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate) [27]

[1] Bonaparte never invades Russia and instead puts the Grand Armee to use in the Iberian Peninsula. Here he defeats Wellington, crushes the partisans and establishes a client state in Portugal as well as Spain. With that, and peace established in the closest Napoleonic puppet states, Russia decides to stay in the Continental Blockade. Britain is distracted by the war in Spain, and can't commit sufficient troops to hold back the Americans (who invade and annex the Canadas and Florida). Britain maintains Ruperts Land, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward's Island.
[2] The Jenkinson government is easily toppled, many believe that the French could have been stopped if someone else had been elected ofther than Liverpool. Grey rapidly builds up the military and attempts to hold down republican pro-French revolts in Ireland. Bonaparte waits.
[3] With Britain convulsed with riots, Bonaparte had time to reorganise his empire. However, even while peace was restored to a radically altered Europe, Earl Grey was reforming Britain into a constitutional monarchy. Having appeased reformists in Britain, crushed the Irish rebels and brought in Catholic Emancipation, he expanded the Navy and isolated Britain from the continent, focusing on the colonies and determining to isolate Napoleonic Europe from the rest of the world. He helped the former Spanish and Portuguese monarchies establish themselves in the New World and helped crush rebellions there.
[4] Tired of Grey, the election of Wellesley ushered a return of the Tories back into office. Seen as pro-military and remembered for his attempts to free America of Bonapartism, he was really not very different from his predecessor.
[5] Wellesley secured control over the former Dutch overseas territories, with the exception of the Caribbean where a new Estate General was instigated for the Netherlands-in-exile. Mornington consolidated the British Empire in India and with his brother prepared an army to invade the United States and force them out of alliance with France - hoping to weaken the young republic as much as possible and take back their lost colonies in Canada.
[6] With the invasion brought forward with the suggestion of a Whig victory, the liberation of Canada was successful - Ontario and North Quebec were also gained along with much of Northern Canada. Additionally, Richard IV assumed the throne in 1837.
[7] The British agreed to leave the majority Francophone region in the south of Quebec to the United States, and ceded some land in the Prairie region of Ruperts Land. With British North America once more secure within the Empire, and the United States sufficiently weakened to not make a difference, both Napoleonic Europe and North Africa were isolated. However, with the crisis over the utility of the military-political dynasty of the Wellesleys was eliminated. The Whigs returned to government on a platform was maintaining the status quo rather than take a ruinous war to Europe.
[8] After another series of Irish riots, the Whigs were again ousted. The Tories returned, but faced their own set of problems. The most significant of these was a need to address the growing social unbalance in the country caused by the period of rapid industrialization. Scott, however, was highly reluctant to repeal the Corn Laws and approach the issue - instead referring to the somewhat lower-priority issue to the Empire's administration.
[9] The Tory party split not too far into Scott's administration with Peel leading Free Traders out of the party. This forced Scott to call an election hoping to crush the Free Trades before they could establish themselves. Instead no party achieved a majority. The Tories managed a plurality so Scott stayed clinging to power.
[10] Peel's death in 1850, just prior to the election, gave the free-trade cause a major setback. However, with the Whigs beset by internal squabbling and the protectionist factions of the Tories failing to rally behind Scott again, Goulburn - Peel's natural successor - won a surprising victory. Perhaps unsurprisingly, however, he only possessed a small majority.
[11] With the Tories divided and ineffectual, the Whigs storm into power, determining to turn the British Empire into a world leader, with all other competitors confined to one or two continents at most. They abolish the Corn Laws, and begin constructing an international alliance of states to contain enemies of their vision (US, France).
[12] Palmerston's government was most interested in Britain's relationship with the Russian Empire. Russia had been sitting quietly since the end of the Napoleonic Wars, and the Whigs were keen for their international geopolitical strategy to encircle the French Empire. Also key in their plans was Southeast Asia, as this was a region that Britain was keen to strengthen its position in to prevent a French (or American) sphere in the Far East.
[13] With the economy still growing, Palmerston's government felt safe. But in 1859, rebellion broke out in India. The French sent aid, and Britain found itself overstretched with its empire trying to prevent the existence of any other transcontinental powers. The rebellion was eventually put down, but it was clear to an ailing Palmerston that the Empire must be reformed so that no one part can cripple Britain if it is put in danger. Also, he realised that Britain cannot be sole steward of the globe. Just after he died in 1865, the Imperial Alliance was sealed between the Britain, Russia, the Empire of the Indies (Spanish-government-in-exile), and the Kingdom of Brasil (Portuguese government-in-exile).
[14] In 1867, with the United States on the brink of civil war and France facing domestic upheaval of its own, the Tories (now a united force once again) returned under the 3rd Earl of Malmesbury, James Harris. Malmesbury was a highly cautious leader - keen to play off Britain's rivals against each other whilst maintaining the central ground. The Imperial Alliance continued to contain American influence in Central America, and after the beginning of Brasil's industrialization in 1870 really began to pack some clout. Just before the 1872 election, Malmesbury met in secret with a number of prominent Southern politicians regarding British aid should an American civil war break out...
[15] The outbreak of the American Civil War in 1873 not only split the USA into several feuding chunks, but it split British politics and the Imperial Alliance. Inteference in the internal affairs of a sovereign state in support of slavers in the south, and later on socialists in the Mid-Atlantic states, was seen as arrogant and overbearing behaviour. The First Intervention on the side of the Confederated Republics of America (later the Confederated Republics of Dixie) alienated the more liberal members of the Alliance like the Dutch and Scandinavian successor governments in the New World. The Second Intervention on the side of the Worker's Union of America alienated Russia and the United Crowns of New Spain. Malmesbury retained power by reforging the factions that backed him as the Unionist Party.
[16] Rebellion broke out in Britain, and the Queen was a vocal supporter of the strikes and marches - calling into question the eagerness with which Malmesbury's cronies had pursued their aims in direct contradiction with Britain's opposition to slavery and radical socialism. In America, the secessionists had won the war, Dixie taking the south, and the WUA taking control of New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersery, Maryland and Delaware. New England become de facto independent. There is talk of rebellion against the much weakened Union government on the Pacific Coast, and along the Ohio River. With Malmesbury booted out of office, and with no coherent opposition party for the Queen to bring in, she makes a popular military man Prime Minister.
[17] Europe was in a frenzy of revolution and rioting, and in Britain it was no different. Flashman used significant force to quell unrest in the Midlands and southern Scotland, and this displeased the largely apathetic Queen. Dismissing Flashman, the monarch instead looked to finding his successor and found it within Gordon. Keen to balance British values whilst understanding the nature of the strikes, Gordon was keen to develop social and political compromise that would prevent violent revolution within the United Kingdom.
[18] Gordon maintained a peacable state for twenty years, ruling as a dictator while ensuring that the will of the people was properly enacted through the demands of Parliament. While Britain experiences unprecedented growth in this period, there are also growing reformist movements that take issue with Gordon's broad range of powers. His abolition of the House of Lords helped quell these voices, but when his successor was appointed by the Queen with no input by the people, those voices started to get louder.
[19] The transitionary government of Kitchener gave way to the restoration of democracy within the United Kingdom; whilst Gordon's reign had been dictatorial, it had not actually been too rough a ride for the United Kingdom, and the re-adoption of parliamentary proceedings was seen as a natural progression now that the revolutionary fervour had died down. Trevelyan was one of the founding members of this new government, and had surprisingly usurped more prominent speakers of his developing 'party' for the premiership. His 1900 term would be chiefly concerned with constitutional evaluation, and the drafting of a new British Constitution went down well with the general public. Uniting the old "Tories" the Conservatives were similarly minded regarding social and domestic affairs, and were keen to keep France under pressure whilst tampering with the growing influence of the American nations.
[20] Trevelyan soon discovered the world had dramatically changed since Gordon had taken up the mantle of power. Russia was rapidly industrialising, China and Japan were emerging out of isolation as new Great Powers, the domination of Europe by France was destabilising as the three German states of Prussia, Austria and Rhineland began to assert themselves. A few revolutions had taken place in the governments-in-exile around the world, leaving a few weakened (Portugal-in-Brazil), a few balkanised (The United Crowns of New Spain as the Kingdom of New Spain, United States of New Granada, Republic of Peru, Kingdom of Paraguay, and the United Provinces of Argentina), and a few strengthened (Confederation of the New Netherlands). Trevelyan reasserted Britain's global presence, and as modernisation began under his ministry, the full potential of Britain's vast imperial domain was being realised by some...
[21] With the turn of the new century, Britain was undoubtedly the dominant world power. With France struggling to stem the tide of its own decline, Amery would be elected with the intent of establishing a "world sphere" of British interests - something that would be regarded as a threat in Paris, New York and La Plata. Amery would also encourage the creation of a "New Royal Navy" and a largely self-sufficient army (which took what it needed from colonial territories).
[22] Amery's government entered into a localized conflict with the United Provinces of Argentina in late-1913 as the states' interests clashed around the Mestivier Islands*. His government increased in unpopularity, and this led to the rapid rise of the Moderate Party. Liberalism, seen as largely unpopular since the Troubles, had resulted in this centrist party occupying the position the Whigs had once held. Harris, a former Whig, would become the party's first Prime Minister with the intent to "make more friends" internationally.
[23] While Britain rebuilt her international alliances, Harris encountered a growing problem within the Empire. As the various parts of the vast imperial domain industrialised, calls for autonomy and self-governance grew louder and louder.
[24] Amery had remained the staunch voice for the Imperialist right, and as a result of an increase in instability in the Empire his strong opinions were seen as necessary. The Imperials were voted in with a comfortable majority, and presided over the signing of the New Alliance with the United Crowns of New Spain, New Granada and the Kingdom of Peru.
[25] Under Amery's direction, the British Empire adopted a new federal system like that of the United Crowns of New Spain. Though for now, only the White Colonies were part of the New Empire.
[26] The Moderates returned in 1932 under Caine, and this would be a decisive tenure. France had been in chaos for many years, but after the Prussian Revolution in 1934 their hegemony of the European continent slipped completely. The Autumn of 1932 saw most French puppet nations fall out of its sphere (violently or otherwise). Caine funded dissident groups within France, and supported New Spain's declaration of war in 1935 (whilst remaining neutral).
[27] The French Empire has one final hurrah as another military strongman comes to the fore. He manages to hold off the New Spanish forces invading Andalusia, but as Russia invades from the East, he is forced to seek terms. Ervine Romelle stands down as Director-General, and the Empire is dissolved. A Republic is installed. The younger brother of the king of New Spain is installed as King of Spain, and similar restorations occur across Europe. Over a century in exile means that some strange things happen when the Kings From Beyond the Sea return home. Migrants and businessmen from the Kingdoms also move to the old motherlands seeking new opportunities. East Indians, Mexicans, Brasilians. With France crushed, and North America divided the traditional enemies of the British Empire are no more. Now Britain must find a new role for itself in a rapidly changing world.
 
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OOC: North America divided? I'm assuming the US is still around?

Napoleonic Victory

1812: Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (Tory) [1]

1816: Charles Gray, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [2]
1820: Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [3]
1824: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [4]
1830: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [5]
1834: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [6]
1838: William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne (Whig) [7]
1842: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory) [8]
1845: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory minority) [9]
1850: Henry Goulburn (Tory) [10]
1853: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [11]
1858: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [12]
1862: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [13]
1867: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Tory) [14]
1872: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Unionist) [15]
1877: General Sir Harry P. Flashman (Independent) [16]
1879: Charles G. Gordon (Independent) [17]
1899: Herbert Kitchener (Independent) [18]

1900: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [19]
1905: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [20]
1910: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [21]
1914: Percy Harris (Moderate) [22]
1918: Percy Harris (Moderate) [23]
1922: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [24]
1927: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [25]
1932: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate) [26]
1937: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate) [27]
1940: Ernest Brown (Conservative) [28]

[1] Bonaparte never invades Russia and instead puts the Grand Armee to use in the Iberian Peninsula. Here he defeats Wellington, crushes the partisans and establishes a client state in Portugal as well as Spain. With that, and peace established in the closest Napoleonic puppet states, Russia decides to stay in the Continental Blockade. Britain is distracted by the war in Spain, and can't commit sufficient troops to hold back the Americans (who invade and annex the Canadas and Florida). Britain maintains Ruperts Land, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward's Island.
[2] The Jenkinson government is easily toppled, many believe that the French could have been stopped if someone else had been elected ofther than Liverpool. Grey rapidly builds up the military and attempts to hold down republican pro-French revolts in Ireland. Bonaparte waits.
[3] With Britain convulsed with riots, Bonaparte had time to reorganise his empire. However, even while peace was restored to a radically altered Europe, Earl Grey was reforming Britain into a constitutional monarchy. Having appeased reformists in Britain, crushed the Irish rebels and brought in Catholic Emancipation, he expanded the Navy and isolated Britain from the continent, focusing on the colonies and determining to isolate Napoleonic Europe from the rest of the world. He helped the former Spanish and Portuguese monarchies establish themselves in the New World and helped crush rebellions there.
[4] Tired of Grey, the election of Wellesley ushered a return of the Tories back into office. Seen as pro-military and remembered for his attempts to free America of Bonapartism, he was really not very different from his predecessor.
[5] Wellesley secured control over the former Dutch overseas territories, with the exception of the Caribbean where a new Estate General was instigated for the Netherlands-in-exile. Mornington consolidated the British Empire in India and with his brother prepared an army to invade the United States and force them out of alliance with France - hoping to weaken the young republic as much as possible and take back their lost colonies in Canada.
[6] With the invasion brought forward with the suggestion of a Whig victory, the liberation of Canada was successful - Ontario and North Quebec were also gained along with much of Northern Canada. Additionally, Richard IV assumed the throne in 1837.
[7] The British agreed to leave the majority Francophone region in the south of Quebec to the United States, and ceded some land in the Prairie region of Ruperts Land. With British North America once more secure within the Empire, and the United States sufficiently weakened to not make a difference, both Napoleonic Europe and North Africa were isolated. However, with the crisis over the utility of the military-political dynasty of the Wellesleys was eliminated. The Whigs returned to government on a platform was maintaining the status quo rather than take a ruinous war to Europe.
[8] After another series of Irish riots, the Whigs were again ousted. The Tories returned, but faced their own set of problems. The most significant of these was a need to address the growing social unbalance in the country caused by the period of rapid industrialization. Scott, however, was highly reluctant to repeal the Corn Laws and approach the issue - instead referring to the somewhat lower-priority issue to the Empire's administration.
[9] The Tory party split not too far into Scott's administration with Peel leading Free Traders out of the party. This forced Scott to call an election hoping to crush the Free Trades before they could establish themselves. Instead no party achieved a majority. The Tories managed a plurality so Scott stayed clinging to power.
[10] Peel's death in 1850, just prior to the election, gave the free-trade cause a major setback. However, with the Whigs beset by internal squabbling and the protectionist factions of the Tories failing to rally behind Scott again, Goulburn - Peel's natural successor - won a surprising victory. Perhaps unsurprisingly, however, he only possessed a small majority.
[11] With the Tories divided and ineffectual, the Whigs storm into power, determining to turn the British Empire into a world leader, with all other competitors confined to one or two continents at most. They abolish the Corn Laws, and begin constructing an international alliance of states to contain enemies of their vision (US, France).
[12] Palmerston's government was most interested in Britain's relationship with the Russian Empire. Russia had been sitting quietly since the end of the Napoleonic Wars, and the Whigs were keen for their international geopolitical strategy to encircle the French Empire. Also key in their plans was Southeast Asia, as this was a region that Britain was keen to strengthen its position in to prevent a French (or American) sphere in the Far East.
[13] With the economy still growing, Palmerston's government felt safe. But in 1859, rebellion broke out in India. The French sent aid, and Britain found itself overstretched with its empire trying to prevent the existence of any other transcontinental powers. The rebellion was eventually put down, but it was clear to an ailing Palmerston that the Empire must be reformed so that no one part can cripple Britain if it is put in danger. Also, he realised that Britain cannot be sole steward of the globe. Just after he died in 1865, the Imperial Alliance was sealed between the Britain, Russia, the Empire of the Indies (Spanish-government-in-exile), and the Kingdom of Brasil (Portuguese government-in-exile).
[14] In 1867, with the United States on the brink of civil war and France facing domestic upheaval of its own, the Tories (now a united force once again) returned under the 3rd Earl of Malmesbury, James Harris. Malmesbury was a highly cautious leader - keen to play off Britain's rivals against each other whilst maintaining the central ground. The Imperial Alliance continued to contain American influence in Central America, and after the beginning of Brasil's industrialization in 1870 really began to pack some clout. Just before the 1872 election, Malmesbury met in secret with a number of prominent Southern politicians regarding British aid should an American civil war break out...
[15] The outbreak of the American Civil War in 1873 not only split the USA into several feuding chunks, but it split British politics and the Imperial Alliance. Inteference in the internal affairs of a sovereign state in support of slavers in the south, and later on socialists in the Mid-Atlantic states, was seen as arrogant and overbearing behaviour. The First Intervention on the side of the Confederated Republics of America (later the Confederated Republics of Dixie) alienated the more liberal members of the Alliance like the Dutch and Scandinavian successor governments in the New World. The Second Intervention on the side of the Worker's Union of America alienated Russia and the United Crowns of New Spain. Malmesbury retained power by reforging the factions that backed him as the Unionist Party.
[16] Rebellion broke out in Britain, and the Queen was a vocal supporter of the strikes and marches - calling into question the eagerness with which Malmesbury's cronies had pursued their aims in direct contradiction with Britain's opposition to slavery and radical socialism. In America, the secessionists had won the war, Dixie taking the south, and the WUA taking control of New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersery, Maryland and Delaware. New England become de facto independent. There is talk of rebellion against the much weakened Union government on the Pacific Coast, and along the Ohio River. With Malmesbury booted out of office, and with no coherent opposition party for the Queen to bring in, she makes a popular military man Prime Minister.
[17] Europe was in a frenzy of revolution and rioting, and in Britain it was no different. Flashman used significant force to quell unrest in the Midlands and southern Scotland, and this displeased the largely apathetic Queen. Dismissing Flashman, the monarch instead looked to finding his successor and found it within Gordon. Keen to balance British values whilst understanding the nature of the strikes, Gordon was keen to develop social and political compromise that would prevent violent revolution within the United Kingdom.
[18] Gordon maintained a peacable state for twenty years, ruling as a dictator while ensuring that the will of the people was properly enacted through the demands of Parliament. While Britain experiences unprecedented growth in this period, there are also growing reformist movements that take issue with Gordon's broad range of powers. His abolition of the House of Lords helped quell these voices, but when his successor was appointed by the Queen with no input by the people, those voices started to get louder.
[19] The transitionary government of Kitchener gave way to the restoration of democracy within the United Kingdom; whilst Gordon's reign had been dictatorial, it had not actually been too rough a ride for the United Kingdom, and the re-adoption of parliamentary proceedings was seen as a natural progression now that the revolutionary fervour had died down. Trevelyan was one of the founding members of this new government, and had surprisingly usurped more prominent speakers of his developing 'party' for the premiership. His 1900 term would be chiefly concerned with constitutional evaluation, and the drafting of a new British Constitution went down well with the general public. Uniting the old "Tories" the Conservatives were similarly minded regarding social and domestic affairs, and were keen to keep France under pressure whilst tampering with the growing influence of the American nations.
[20] Trevelyan soon discovered the world had dramatically changed since Gordon had taken up the mantle of power. Russia was rapidly industrialising, China and Japan were emerging out of isolation as new Great Powers, the domination of Europe by France was destabilising as the three German states of Prussia, Austria and Rhineland began to assert themselves. A few revolutions had taken place in the governments-in-exile around the world, leaving a few weakened (Portugal-in-Brazil), a few balkanised (The United Crowns of New Spain as the Kingdom of New Spain, United States of New Granada, Republic of Peru, Kingdom of Paraguay, and the United Provinces of Argentina), and a few strengthened (Confederation of the New Netherlands). Trevelyan reasserted Britain's global presence, and as modernisation began under his ministry, the full potential of Britain's vast imperial domain was being realised by some...
[21] With the turn of the new century, Britain was undoubtedly the dominant world power. With France struggling to stem the tide of its own decline, Amery would be elected with the intent of establishing a "world sphere" of British interests - something that would be regarded as a threat in Paris, New York and La Plata. Amery would also encourage the creation of a "New Royal Navy" and a largely self-sufficient army (which took what it needed from colonial territories).
[22] Amery's government entered into a localized conflict with the United Provinces of Argentina in late-1913 as the states' interests clashed around the Mestivier Islands*. His government increased in unpopularity, and this led to the rapid rise of the Moderate Party. Liberalism, seen as largely unpopular since the Troubles, had resulted in this centrist party occupying the position the Whigs had once held. Harris, a former Whig, would become the party's first Prime Minister with the intent to "make more friends" internationally.
[23] While Britain rebuilt her international alliances, Harris encountered a growing problem within the Empire. As the various parts of the vast imperial domain industrialised, calls for autonomy and self-governance grew louder and louder.
[24] Amery had remained the staunch voice for the Imperialist right, and as a result of an increase in instability in the Empire his strong opinions were seen as necessary. The Imperials were voted in with a comfortable majority, and presided over the signing of the New Alliance with the United Crowns of New Spain, New Granada and the Kingdom of Peru.
[25] Under Amery's direction, the British Empire adopted a new federal system like that of the United Crowns of New Spain. Though for now, only the White Colonies were part of the New Empire.
[26] The Moderates returned in 1932 under Caine, and this would be a decisive tenure. France had been in chaos for many years, but after the Prussian Revolution in 1934 their hegemony of the European continent slipped completely. The Autumn of 1932 saw most French puppet nations fall out of its sphere (violently or otherwise). Caine funded dissident groups within France, and supported New Spain's declaration of war in 1935 (whilst remaining neutral).
[27] The French Empire has one final hurrah as another military strongman comes to the fore. He manages to hold off the New Spanish forces invading Andalusia, but as Russia invades from the East, he is forced to seek terms. Ervine Romelle stands down as Director-General, and the Empire is dissolved. A Republic is installed. The younger brother of the king of New Spain is installed as King of Spain, and similar restorations occur across Europe. Over a century in exile means that some strange things happen when the Kings From Beyond the Sea return home. Migrants and businessmen from the Kingdoms also move to the old motherlands seeking new opportunities. East Indians, Mexicans, Brasilians. With France crushed, and North America divided the traditional enemies of the British Empire are no more. Now Britain must find a new role for itself in a rapidly changing world.
[28] With the old order collapsing around it, the British Empire remained the only stable force. Indeed, with the rebirth of the European economy British trade leapt through the roof, and began a new age of industrialization for the state. With this in mind, Caine called a snap election in 1940 but was shockingly defeated by the resurgent Conservative ticket (which was largely dominated by immigration issues). 1940 was also significant for being the first election in which the newly organized political left made a prominent appearance.
 
Napoleonic Victory

1812: Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (Tory) [1]
1816: Charles Gray, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [2]

1820: Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [3]
1824: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [4]
1830: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [5]
1834: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [6]
1838: William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne (Whig) [7]
1842: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory) [8]
1845: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory minority) [9]
1850: Henry Goulburn (Tory) [10]
1853: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [11]
1858: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [12]
1862: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [13]
1867: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Tory) [14]
1872: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Unionist) [15]
1877: General Sir Harry P. Flashman (Independent) [16]
1879: Charles G. Gordon (Independent) [17]
1899: Herbert Kitchener (Independent) [18]

1900: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [19]
1905: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [20]
1910: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [21]
1914: Percy Harris (Moderate) [22]
1918: Percy Harris (Moderate) [23]
1922: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [24]
1927: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [25]
1932: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate) [26]
1937: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate) [27]
1940: Ernest Brown (Conservative) [28]
1944: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate-ILP coalition) [29]

[1] Bonaparte never invades Russia and instead puts the Grand Armee to use in the Iberian Peninsula. Here he defeats Wellington, crushes the partisans and establishes a client state in Portugal as well as Spain. With that, and peace established in the closest Napoleonic puppet states, Russia decides to stay in the Continental Blockade. Britain is distracted by the war in Spain, and can't commit sufficient troops to hold back the Americans (who invade and annex the Canadas and Florida). Britain maintains Ruperts Land, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward's Island.
[2] The Jenkinson government is easily toppled, many believe that the French could have been stopped if someone else had been elected ofther than Liverpool. Grey rapidly builds up the military and attempts to hold down republican pro-French revolts in Ireland. Bonaparte waits.
[3] With Britain convulsed with riots, Bonaparte had time to reorganise his empire. However, even while peace was restored to a radically altered Europe, Earl Grey was reforming Britain into a constitutional monarchy. Having appeased reformists in Britain, crushed the Irish rebels and brought in Catholic Emancipation, he expanded the Navy and isolated Britain from the continent, focusing on the colonies and determining to isolate Napoleonic Europe from the rest of the world. He helped the former Spanish and Portuguese monarchies establish themselves in the New World and helped crush rebellions there.
[4] Tired of Grey, the election of Wellesley ushered a return of the Tories back into office. Seen as pro-military and remembered for his attempts to free America of Bonapartism, he was really not very different from his predecessor.
[5] Wellesley secured control over the former Dutch overseas territories, with the exception of the Caribbean where a new Estate General was instigated for the Netherlands-in-exile. Mornington consolidated the British Empire in India and with his brother prepared an army to invade the United States and force them out of alliance with France - hoping to weaken the young republic as much as possible and take back their lost colonies in Canada.
[6] With the invasion brought forward with the suggestion of a Whig victory, the liberation of Canada was successful - Ontario and North Quebec were also gained along with much of Northern Canada. Additionally, Richard IV assumed the throne in 1837.
[7] The British agreed to leave the majority Francophone region in the south of Quebec to the United States, and ceded some land in the Prairie region of Ruperts Land. With British North America once more secure within the Empire, and the United States sufficiently weakened to not make a difference, both Napoleonic Europe and North Africa were isolated. However, with the crisis over the utility of the military-political dynasty of the Wellesleys was eliminated. The Whigs returned to government on a platform was maintaining the status quo rather than take a ruinous war to Europe.
[8] After another series of Irish riots, the Whigs were again ousted. The Tories returned, but faced their own set of problems. The most significant of these was a need to address the growing social unbalance in the country caused by the period of rapid industrialization. Scott, however, was highly reluctant to repeal the Corn Laws and approach the issue - instead referring to the somewhat lower-priority issue to the Empire's administration.
[9] The Tory party split not too far into Scott's administration with Peel leading Free Traders out of the party. This forced Scott to call an election hoping to crush the Free Trades before they could establish themselves. Instead no party achieved a majority. The Tories managed a plurality so Scott stayed clinging to power.
[10] Peel's death in 1850, just prior to the election, gave the free-trade cause a major setback. However, with the Whigs beset by internal squabbling and the protectionist factions of the Tories failing to rally behind Scott again, Goulburn - Peel's natural successor - won a surprising victory. Perhaps unsurprisingly, however, he only possessed a small majority.
[11] With the Tories divided and ineffectual, the Whigs storm into power, determining to turn the British Empire into a world leader, with all other competitors confined to one or two continents at most. They abolish the Corn Laws, and begin constructing an international alliance of states to contain enemies of their vision (US, France).
[12] Palmerston's government was most interested in Britain's relationship with the Russian Empire. Russia had been sitting quietly since the end of the Napoleonic Wars, and the Whigs were keen for their international geopolitical strategy to encircle the French Empire. Also key in their plans was Southeast Asia, as this was a region that Britain was keen to strengthen its position in to prevent a French (or American) sphere in the Far East.
[13] With the economy still growing, Palmerston's government felt safe. But in 1859, rebellion broke out in India. The French sent aid, and Britain found itself overstretched with its empire trying to prevent the existence of any other transcontinental powers. The rebellion was eventually put down, but it was clear to an ailing Palmerston that the Empire must be reformed so that no one part can cripple Britain if it is put in danger. Also, he realised that Britain cannot be sole steward of the globe. Just after he died in 1865, the Imperial Alliance was sealed between the Britain, Russia, the Empire of the Indies (Spanish-government-in-exile), and the Kingdom of Brasil (Portuguese government-in-exile).
[14] In 1867, with the United States on the brink of civil war and France facing domestic upheaval of its own, the Tories (now a united force once again) returned under the 3rd Earl of Malmesbury, James Harris. Malmesbury was a highly cautious leader - keen to play off Britain's rivals against each other whilst maintaining the central ground. The Imperial Alliance continued to contain American influence in Central America, and after the beginning of Brasil's industrialization in 1870 really began to pack some clout. Just before the 1872 election, Malmesbury met in secret with a number of prominent Southern politicians regarding British aid should an American civil war break out...
[15] The outbreak of the American Civil War in 1873 not only split the USA into several feuding chunks, but it split British politics and the Imperial Alliance. Inteference in the internal affairs of a sovereign state in support of slavers in the south, and later on socialists in the Mid-Atlantic states, was seen as arrogant and overbearing behaviour. The First Intervention on the side of the Confederated Republics of America (later the Confederated Republics of Dixie) alienated the more liberal members of the Alliance like the Dutch and Scandinavian successor governments in the New World. The Second Intervention on the side of the Worker's Union of America alienated Russia and the United Crowns of New Spain. Malmesbury retained power by reforging the factions that backed him as the Unionist Party.
[16] Rebellion broke out in Britain, and the Queen was a vocal supporter of the strikes and marches - calling into question the eagerness with which Malmesbury's cronies had pursued their aims in direct contradiction with Britain's opposition to slavery and radical socialism. In America, the secessionists had won the war, Dixie taking the south, and the WUA taking control of New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersery, Maryland and Delaware. New England become de facto independent. There is talk of rebellion against the much weakened Union government on the Pacific Coast, and along the Ohio River. With Malmesbury booted out of office, and with no coherent opposition party for the Queen to bring in, she makes a popular military man Prime Minister.
[17] Europe was in a frenzy of revolution and rioting, and in Britain it was no different. Flashman used significant force to quell unrest in the Midlands and southern Scotland, and this displeased the largely apathetic Queen. Dismissing Flashman, the monarch instead looked to finding his successor and found it within Gordon. Keen to balance British values whilst understanding the nature of the strikes, Gordon was keen to develop social and political compromise that would prevent violent revolution within the United Kingdom.
[18] Gordon maintained a peacable state for twenty years, ruling as a dictator while ensuring that the will of the people was properly enacted through the demands of Parliament. While Britain experiences unprecedented growth in this period, there are also growing reformist movements that take issue with Gordon's broad range of powers. His abolition of the House of Lords helped quell these voices, but when his successor was appointed by the Queen with no input by the people, those voices started to get louder.
[19] The transitionary government of Kitchener gave way to the restoration of democracy within the United Kingdom; whilst Gordon's reign had been dictatorial, it had not actually been too rough a ride for the United Kingdom, and the re-adoption of parliamentary proceedings was seen as a natural progression now that the revolutionary fervour had died down. Trevelyan was one of the founding members of this new government, and had surprisingly usurped more prominent speakers of his developing 'party' for the premiership. His 1900 term would be chiefly concerned with constitutional evaluation, and the drafting of a new British Constitution went down well with the general public. Uniting the old "Tories" the Conservatives were similarly minded regarding social and domestic affairs, and were keen to keep France under pressure whilst tampering with the growing influence of the American nations.
[20] Trevelyan soon discovered the world had dramatically changed since Gordon had taken up the mantle of power. Russia was rapidly industrialising, China and Japan were emerging out of isolation as new Great Powers, the domination of Europe by France was destabilising as the three German states of Prussia, Austria and Rhineland began to assert themselves. A few revolutions had taken place in the governments-in-exile around the world, leaving a few weakened (Portugal-in-Brazil), a few balkanised (The United Crowns of New Spain as the Kingdom of New Spain, United States of New Granada, Republic of Peru, Kingdom of Paraguay, and the United Provinces of Argentina), and a few strengthened (Confederation of the New Netherlands). Trevelyan reasserted Britain's global presence, and as modernisation began under his ministry, the full potential of Britain's vast imperial domain was being realised by some...
[21] With the turn of the new century, Britain was undoubtedly the dominant world power. With France struggling to stem the tide of its own decline, Amery would be elected with the intent of establishing a "world sphere" of British interests - something that would be regarded as a threat in Paris, New York and La Plata. Amery would also encourage the creation of a "New Royal Navy" and a largely self-sufficient army (which took what it needed from colonial territories).
[22] Amery's government entered into a localized conflict with the United Provinces of Argentina in late-1913 as the states' interests clashed around the Mestivier Islands*. His government increased in unpopularity, and this led to the rapid rise of the Moderate Party. Liberalism, seen as largely unpopular since the Troubles, had resulted in this centrist party occupying the position the Whigs had once held. Harris, a former Whig, would become the party's first Prime Minister with the intent to "make more friends" internationally.
[23] While Britain rebuilt her international alliances, Harris encountered a growing problem within the Empire. As the various parts of the vast imperial domain industrialised, calls for autonomy and self-governance grew louder and louder.
[24] Amery had remained the staunch voice for the Imperialist right, and as a result of an increase in instability in the Empire his strong opinions were seen as necessary. The Imperials were voted in with a comfortable majority, and presided over the signing of the New Alliance with the United Crowns of New Spain, New Granada and the Kingdom of Peru.
[25] Under Amery's direction, the British Empire adopted a new federal system like that of the United Crowns of New Spain. Though for now, only the White Colonies were part of the New Empire.
[26] The Moderates returned in 1932 under Caine, and this would be a decisive tenure. France had been in chaos for many years, but after the Prussian Revolution in 1934 their hegemony of the European continent slipped completely. The Autumn of 1932 saw most French puppet nations fall out of its sphere (violently or otherwise). Caine funded dissident groups within France, and supported New Spain's declaration of war in 1935 (whilst remaining neutral).
[27] The French Empire has one final hurrah as another military strongman comes to the fore. He manages to hold off the New Spanish forces invading Andalusia, but as Russia invades from the East, he is forced to seek terms. Ervine Romelle stands down as Director-General, and the Empire is dissolved. A Republic is installed. The younger brother of the king of New Spain is installed as King of Spain, and similar restorations occur across Europe. Over a century in exile means that some strange things happen when the "Kings From Beyond the Sea" return home. Migrants and businessmen from the Kingdoms also move to the old motherlands seeking new opportunities. East Indians, Mexicans, Brasilians. With France crushed, and North America divided the traditional enemies of the British Empire are no more. Now Britain must find a new role for itself in a rapidly changing world.
[28] With the old order collapsing around it, the British Empire remained the only stable force. Indeed, with the rebirth of the European economy British trade leapt through the roof, and began a new age of industrialization for the state. With this in mind, Caine called a snap election in 1940 but was shockingly defeated by the resurgent Conservative ticket (which was largely dominated by immigration issues). 1940 was also significant for being the first election in which the newly organized political left made a prominent appearance.
[29] The 1944 election would prove to be colossal for British politics. As Britain's role as the only international superpower was cemented, the populace sought the advancement of their own standards of living. A swing to the left ensued and whilst this allowed Caine to return to the premiership with the Moderates, he could only defeat the still-strong Conservatives by entering into a tentative alliance with the Imperial Labour Party (which had been formed in 1938). With their guidance and his political skill, the coalition (narrowly) passed the Imperial Confederation Act (1946) which incorporated all but the most divided of territories into the Empire proper as a single political and trade union. Many of the white colonies were actually incorporated into the parliamentary system - plans to remodel Westminster into the Imperial Parliament were already underway. However, the most prominent challenge to the Moderate coalition was India which whilst a fractious asset at the best of times was now developing into an independence-fuelled hothouse.
 
Napoleonic Victory

1812: Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (Tory) [1]
1816: Charles Gray, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [2]

1820: Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [3]
1824: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [4]
1830: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [5]
1834: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [6]
1838: William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne (Whig) [7]
1842: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory) [8]
1845: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory minority) [9]
1850: Henry Goulburn (Tory) [10]
1853: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [11]
1858: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [12]
1862: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [13]
1867: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Tory) [14]
1872: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Unionist) [15]
1877: General Sir Harry P. Flashman (Independent) [16]
1879: Charles G. Gordon (Independent) [17]
1899: Herbert Kitchener (Independent) [18]

1900: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [19]
1905: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [20]
1910: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [21]
1914: Percy Harris (Moderate) [22]
1918: Percy Harris (Moderate) [23]
1922: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [24]
1927: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [25]
1932: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate) [26]
1937: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate) [27]
1940: Ernest Brown (Conservative) [28]
1944: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate-ILP coalition) [29]
1947: Derwent Hall Caine (National Government) [30]

[1] Bonaparte never invades Russia and instead puts the Grand Armee to use in the Iberian Peninsula. Here he defeats Wellington, crushes the partisans and establishes a client state in Portugal as well as Spain. With that, and peace established in the closest Napoleonic puppet states, Russia decides to stay in the Continental Blockade. Britain is distracted by the war in Spain, and can't commit sufficient troops to hold back the Americans (who invade and annex the Canadas and Florida). Britain maintains Ruperts Land, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward's Island.
[2] The Jenkinson government is easily toppled, many believe that the French could have been stopped if someone else had been elected ofther than Liverpool. Grey rapidly builds up the military and attempts to hold down republican pro-French revolts in Ireland. Bonaparte waits.
[3] With Britain convulsed with riots, Bonaparte had time to reorganise his empire. However, even while peace was restored to a radically altered Europe, Earl Grey was reforming Britain into a constitutional monarchy. Having appeased reformists in Britain, crushed the Irish rebels and brought in Catholic Emancipation, he expanded the Navy and isolated Britain from the continent, focusing on the colonies and determining to isolate Napoleonic Europe from the rest of the world. He helped the former Spanish and Portuguese monarchies establish themselves in the New World and helped crush rebellions there.
[4] Tired of Grey, the election of Wellesley ushered a return of the Tories back into office. Seen as pro-military and remembered for his attempts to free America of Bonapartism, he was really not very different from his predecessor.
[5] Wellesley secured control over the former Dutch overseas territories, with the exception of the Caribbean where a new Estate General was instigated for the Netherlands-in-exile. Mornington consolidated the British Empire in India and with his brother prepared an army to invade the United States and force them out of alliance with France - hoping to weaken the young republic as much as possible and take back their lost colonies in Canada.
[6] With the invasion brought forward with the suggestion of a Whig victory, the liberation of Canada was successful - Ontario and North Quebec were also gained along with much of Northern Canada. Additionally, Richard IV assumed the throne in 1837.
[7] The British agreed to leave the majority Francophone region in the south of Quebec to the United States, and ceded some land in the Prairie region of Ruperts Land. With British North America once more secure within the Empire, and the United States sufficiently weakened to not make a difference, both Napoleonic Europe and North Africa were isolated. However, with the crisis over the utility of the military-political dynasty of the Wellesleys was eliminated. The Whigs returned to government on a platform was maintaining the status quo rather than take a ruinous war to Europe.
[8] After another series of Irish riots, the Whigs were again ousted. The Tories returned, but faced their own set of problems. The most significant of these was a need to address the growing social unbalance in the country caused by the period of rapid industrialization. Scott, however, was highly reluctant to repeal the Corn Laws and approach the issue - instead referring to the somewhat lower-priority issue to the Empire's administration.
[9] The Tory party split not too far into Scott's administration with Peel leading Free Traders out of the party. This forced Scott to call an election hoping to crush the Free Trades before they could establish themselves. Instead no party achieved a majority. The Tories managed a plurality so Scott stayed clinging to power.
[10] Peel's death in 1850, just prior to the election, gave the free-trade cause a major setback. However, with the Whigs beset by internal squabbling and the protectionist factions of the Tories failing to rally behind Scott again, Goulburn - Peel's natural successor - won a surprising victory. Perhaps unsurprisingly, however, he only possessed a small majority.
[11] With the Tories divided and ineffectual, the Whigs storm into power, determining to turn the British Empire into a world leader, with all other competitors confined to one or two continents at most. They abolish the Corn Laws, and begin constructing an international alliance of states to contain enemies of their vision (US, France).
[12] Palmerston's government was most interested in Britain's relationship with the Russian Empire. Russia had been sitting quietly since the end of the Napoleonic Wars, and the Whigs were keen for their international geopolitical strategy to encircle the French Empire. Also key in their plans was Southeast Asia, as this was a region that Britain was keen to strengthen its position in to prevent a French (or American) sphere in the Far East.
[13] With the economy still growing, Palmerston's government felt safe. But in 1859, rebellion broke out in India. The French sent aid, and Britain found itself overstretched with its empire trying to prevent the existence of any other transcontinental powers. The rebellion was eventually put down, but it was clear to an ailing Palmerston that the Empire must be reformed so that no one part can cripple Britain if it is put in danger. Also, he realised that Britain cannot be sole steward of the globe. Just after he died in 1865, the Imperial Alliance was sealed between the Britain, Russia, the Empire of the Indies (Spanish-government-in-exile), and the Kingdom of Brasil (Portuguese government-in-exile).
[14] In 1867, with the United States on the brink of civil war and France facing domestic upheaval of its own, the Tories (now a united force once again) returned under the 3rd Earl of Malmesbury, James Harris. Malmesbury was a highly cautious leader - keen to play off Britain's rivals against each other whilst maintaining the central ground. The Imperial Alliance continued to contain American influence in Central America, and after the beginning of Brasil's industrialization in 1870 really began to pack some clout. Just before the 1872 election, Malmesbury met in secret with a number of prominent Southern politicians regarding British aid should an American civil war break out...
[15] The outbreak of the American Civil War in 1873 not only split the USA into several feuding chunks, but it split British politics and the Imperial Alliance. Inteference in the internal affairs of a sovereign state in support of slavers in the south, and later on socialists in the Mid-Atlantic states, was seen as arrogant and overbearing behaviour. The First Intervention on the side of the Confederated Republics of America (later the Confederated Republics of Dixie) alienated the more liberal members of the Alliance like the Dutch and Scandinavian successor governments in the New World. The Second Intervention on the side of the Worker's Union of America alienated Russia and the United Crowns of New Spain. Malmesbury retained power by reforging the factions that backed him as the Unionist Party.
[16] Rebellion broke out in Britain, and the Queen was a vocal supporter of the strikes and marches - calling into question the eagerness with which Malmesbury's cronies had pursued their aims in direct contradiction with Britain's opposition to slavery and radical socialism. In America, the secessionists had won the war, Dixie taking the south, and the WUA taking control of New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersery, Maryland and Delaware. New England become de facto independent. There is talk of rebellion against the much weakened Union government on the Pacific Coast, and along the Ohio River. With Malmesbury booted out of office, and with no coherent opposition party for the Queen to bring in, she makes a popular military man Prime Minister.
[17] Europe was in a frenzy of revolution and rioting, and in Britain it was no different. Flashman used significant force to quell unrest in the Midlands and southern Scotland, and this displeased the largely apathetic Queen. Dismissing Flashman, the monarch instead looked to finding his successor and found it within Gordon. Keen to balance British values whilst understanding the nature of the strikes, Gordon was keen to develop social and political compromise that would prevent violent revolution within the United Kingdom.
[18] Gordon maintained a peacable state for twenty years, ruling as a dictator while ensuring that the will of the people was properly enacted through the demands of Parliament. While Britain experiences unprecedented growth in this period, there are also growing reformist movements that take issue with Gordon's broad range of powers. His abolition of the House of Lords helped quell these voices, but when his successor was appointed by the Queen with no input by the people, those voices started to get louder.
[19] The transitionary government of Kitchener gave way to the restoration of democracy within the United Kingdom; whilst Gordon's reign had been dictatorial, it had not actually been too rough a ride for the United Kingdom, and the re-adoption of parliamentary proceedings was seen as a natural progression now that the revolutionary fervour had died down. Trevelyan was one of the founding members of this new government, and had surprisingly usurped more prominent speakers of his developing 'party' for the premiership. His 1900 term would be chiefly concerned with constitutional evaluation, and the drafting of a new British Constitution went down well with the general public. Uniting the old "Tories" the Conservatives were similarly minded regarding social and domestic affairs, and were keen to keep France under pressure whilst tampering with the growing influence of the American nations.
[20] Trevelyan soon discovered the world had dramatically changed since Gordon had taken up the mantle of power. Russia was rapidly industrialising, China and Japan were emerging out of isolation as new Great Powers, the domination of Europe by France was destabilising as the three German states of Prussia, Austria and Rhineland began to assert themselves. A few revolutions had taken place in the governments-in-exile around the world, leaving a few weakened (Portugal-in-Brazil), a few balkanised (The United Crowns of New Spain as the Kingdom of New Spain, United States of New Granada, Republic of Peru, Kingdom of Paraguay, and the United Provinces of Argentina), and a few strengthened (Confederation of the New Netherlands). Trevelyan reasserted Britain's global presence, and as modernisation began under his ministry, the full potential of Britain's vast imperial domain was being realised by some...
[21] With the turn of the new century, Britain was undoubtedly the dominant world power. With France struggling to stem the tide of its own decline, Amery would be elected with the intent of establishing a "world sphere" of British interests - something that would be regarded as a threat in Paris, New York and La Plata. Amery would also encourage the creation of a "New Royal Navy" and a largely self-sufficient army (which took what it needed from colonial territories).
[22] Amery's government entered into a localized conflict with the United Provinces of Argentina in late-1913 as the states' interests clashed around the Mestivier Islands*. His government increased in unpopularity, and this led to the rapid rise of the Moderate Party. Liberalism, seen as largely unpopular since the Troubles, had resulted in this centrist party occupying the position the Whigs had once held. Harris, a former Whig, would become the party's first Prime Minister with the intent to "make more friends" internationally.
[23] While Britain rebuilt her international alliances, Harris encountered a growing problem within the Empire. As the various parts of the vast imperial domain industrialised, calls for autonomy and self-governance grew louder and louder.
[24] Amery had remained the staunch voice for the Imperialist right, and as a result of an increase in instability in the Empire his strong opinions were seen as necessary. The Imperials were voted in with a comfortable majority, and presided over the signing of the New Alliance with the United Crowns of New Spain, New Granada and the Kingdom of Peru.
[25] Under Amery's direction, the British Empire adopted a new federal system like that of the United Crowns of New Spain. Though for now, only the White Colonies were part of the New Empire.
[26] The Moderates returned in 1932 under Caine, and this would be a decisive tenure. France had been in chaos for many years, but after the Prussian Revolution in 1934 their hegemony of the European continent slipped completely. The Autumn of 1932 saw most French puppet nations fall out of its sphere (violently or otherwise). Caine funded dissident groups within France, and supported New Spain's declaration of war in 1935 (whilst remaining neutral).
[27] The French Empire has one final hurrah as another military strongman comes to the fore. He manages to hold off the New Spanish forces invading Andalusia, but as Russia invades from the East, he is forced to seek terms. Ervine Romelle stands down as Director-General, and the Empire is dissolved. A Republic is installed. The younger brother of the king of New Spain is installed as King of Spain, and similar restorations occur across Europe. Over a century in exile means that some strange things happen when the "Kings From Beyond the Sea" return home. Migrants and businessmen from the Kingdoms also move to the old motherlands seeking new opportunities. East Indians, Mexicans, Brasilians. With France crushed, and North America divided the traditional enemies of the British Empire are no more. Now Britain must find a new role for itself in a rapidly changing world.
[28] With the old order collapsing around it, the British Empire remained the only stable force. Indeed, with the rebirth of the European economy British trade leapt through the roof, and began a new age of industrialization for the state. With this in mind, Caine called a snap election in 1940 but was shockingly defeated by the resurgent Conservative ticket (which was largely dominated by immigration issues). 1940 was also significant for being the first election in which the newly organized political left made a prominent appearance.
[29] The 1944 election would prove to be colossal for British politics. As Britain's role as the only international superpower was cemented, the populace sought the advancement of their own standards of living. A swing to the left ensued and whilst this allowed Caine to return to the premiership with the Moderates; he could only defeat the still-strong Conservatives by entering into a tentative alliance with the Imperial Labour Party (which had been formed in 1938). With their guidance and his political skill, the coalition (narrowly) passed the Imperial Confederation Act (1946) which incorporated all but the most divided of territories into the Empire proper as a single political and trade union. Many of the white colonies were actually incorporated into the parliamentary system - plans to remodel Westminster into the Imperial Parliament were already underway. However, the most prominent challenge to the Moderate coalition was India which whilst a fractious asset at the best of times was now developing into an independence-fuelled hothouse.
[30] With 1947 came the start of another rebellion in India - this one, however, looked to be the beginning of the end for British influence. Caine formed a national government to deal with the crisis, and in the 1949 peace settlement India was divided into numerous states (although not all were anti-British). Whilst the loss of the Empire's greatest asset grated against Caine's popularity, the sitting of the first Imperial Parliament shortly after in 1948 restored the Moderates' ambitions. This new parliament would have a major impact on British politics, as now candidates from all across the "white" Empire would have a shot to rise through the ranks. (The "black" Empire would be slowly ushered into a state of near-independence with autonomy from Westminster.)
 
Napoleonic Victory

1812: Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (Tory) [1]
1816: Charles Gray, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [2]

1820: Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [3]
1824: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [4]
1830: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [5]
1834: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [6]
1838: William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne (Whig) [7]
1842: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory) [8]
1845: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory minority) [9]
1850: Henry Goulburn (Tory) [10]
1853: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [11]
1858: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [12]
1862: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [13]
1867: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Tory) [14]
1872: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Unionist) [15]
1877: General Sir Harry P. Flashman (Independent) [16]
1879: Charles G. Gordon (Independent) [17]
1899: Herbert Kitchener (Independent) [18]

1900: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [19]
1905: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [20]
1910: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [21]
1914: Percy Harris (Moderate) [22]
1918: Percy Harris (Moderate) [23]
1922: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [24]
1927: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [25]
1932: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate) [26]
1937: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate) [27]
1940: Ernest Brown (Conservative) [28]
1944: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate-ILP coalition) [29]
1947: Derwent Hall Caine (National Government) [30]
1953: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate) [31]

[1] Bonaparte never invades Russia and instead puts the Grand Armee to use in the Iberian Peninsula. Here he defeats Wellington, crushes the partisans and establishes a client state in Portugal as well as Spain. With that, and peace established in the closest Napoleonic puppet states, Russia decides to stay in the Continental Blockade. Britain is distracted by the war in Spain, and can't commit sufficient troops to hold back the Americans (who invade and annex the Canadas and Florida). Britain maintains Ruperts Land, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward's Island.
[2] The Jenkinson government is easily toppled, many believe that the French could have been stopped if someone else had been elected ofther than Liverpool. Grey rapidly builds up the military and attempts to hold down republican pro-French revolts in Ireland. Bonaparte waits.
[3] With Britain convulsed with riots, Bonaparte had time to reorganise his empire. However, even while peace was restored to a radically altered Europe, Earl Grey was reforming Britain into a constitutional monarchy. Having appeased reformists in Britain, crushed the Irish rebels and brought in Catholic Emancipation, he expanded the Navy and isolated Britain from the continent, focusing on the colonies and determining to isolate Napoleonic Europe from the rest of the world. He helped the former Spanish and Portuguese monarchies establish themselves in the New World and helped crush rebellions there.
[4] Tired of Grey, the election of Wellesley ushered a return of the Tories back into office. Seen as pro-military and remembered for his attempts to free America of Bonapartism, he was really not very different from his predecessor.
[5] Wellesley secured control over the former Dutch overseas territories, with the exception of the Caribbean where a new Estate General was instigated for the Netherlands-in-exile. Mornington consolidated the British Empire in India and with his brother prepared an army to invade the United States and force them out of alliance with France - hoping to weaken the young republic as much as possible and take back their lost colonies in Canada.
[6] With the invasion brought forward with the suggestion of a Whig victory, the liberation of Canada was successful - Ontario and North Quebec were also gained along with much of Northern Canada. Additionally, Richard IV assumed the throne in 1837.
[7] The British agreed to leave the majority Francophone region in the south of Quebec to the United States, and ceded some land in the Prairie region of Ruperts Land. With British North America once more secure within the Empire, and the United States sufficiently weakened to not make a difference, both Napoleonic Europe and North Africa were isolated. However, with the crisis over the utility of the military-political dynasty of the Wellesleys was eliminated. The Whigs returned to government on a platform was maintaining the status quo rather than take a ruinous war to Europe.
[8] After another series of Irish riots, the Whigs were again ousted. The Tories returned, but faced their own set of problems. The most significant of these was a need to address the growing social unbalance in the country caused by the period of rapid industrialization. Scott, however, was highly reluctant to repeal the Corn Laws and approach the issue - instead referring to the somewhat lower-priority issue to the Empire's administration.
[9] The Tory party split not too far into Scott's administration with Peel leading Free Traders out of the party. This forced Scott to call an election hoping to crush the Free Trades before they could establish themselves. Instead no party achieved a majority. The Tories managed a plurality so Scott stayed clinging to power.
[10] Peel's death in 1850, just prior to the election, gave the free-trade cause a major setback. However, with the Whigs beset by internal squabbling and the protectionist factions of the Tories failing to rally behind Scott again, Goulburn - Peel's natural successor - won a surprising victory. Perhaps unsurprisingly, however, he only possessed a small majority.
[11] With the Tories divided and ineffectual, the Whigs storm into power, determining to turn the British Empire into a world leader, with all other competitors confined to one or two continents at most. They abolish the Corn Laws, and begin constructing an international alliance of states to contain enemies of their vision (US, France).
[12] Palmerston's government was most interested in Britain's relationship with the Russian Empire. Russia had been sitting quietly since the end of the Napoleonic Wars, and the Whigs were keen for their international geopolitical strategy to encircle the French Empire. Also key in their plans was Southeast Asia, as this was a region that Britain was keen to strengthen its position in to prevent a French (or American) sphere in the Far East.
[13] With the economy still growing, Palmerston's government felt safe. But in 1859, rebellion broke out in India. The French sent aid, and Britain found itself overstretched with its empire trying to prevent the existence of any other transcontinental powers. The rebellion was eventually put down, but it was clear to an ailing Palmerston that the Empire must be reformed so that no one part can cripple Britain if it is put in danger. Also, he realised that Britain cannot be sole steward of the globe. Just after he died in 1865, the Imperial Alliance was sealed between the Britain, Russia, the Empire of the Indies (Spanish-government-in-exile), and the Kingdom of Brasil (Portuguese government-in-exile).
[14] In 1867, with the United States on the brink of civil war and France facing domestic upheaval of its own, the Tories (now a united force once again) returned under the 3rd Earl of Malmesbury, James Harris. Malmesbury was a highly cautious leader - keen to play off Britain's rivals against each other whilst maintaining the central ground. The Imperial Alliance continued to contain American influence in Central America, and after the beginning of Brasil's industrialization in 1870 really began to pack some clout. Just before the 1872 election, Malmesbury met in secret with a number of prominent Southern politicians regarding British aid should an American civil war break out...
[15] The outbreak of the American Civil War in 1873 not only split the USA into several feuding chunks, but it split British politics and the Imperial Alliance. Inteference in the internal affairs of a sovereign state in support of slavers in the south, and later on socialists in the Mid-Atlantic states, was seen as arrogant and overbearing behaviour. The First Intervention on the side of the Confederated Republics of America (later the Confederated Republics of Dixie) alienated the more liberal members of the Alliance like the Dutch and Scandinavian successor governments in the New World. The Second Intervention on the side of the Worker's Union of America alienated Russia and the United Crowns of New Spain. Malmesbury retained power by reforging the factions that backed him as the Unionist Party.
[16] Rebellion broke out in Britain, and the Queen was a vocal supporter of the strikes and marches - calling into question the eagerness with which Malmesbury's cronies had pursued their aims in direct contradiction with Britain's opposition to slavery and radical socialism. In America, the secessionists had won the war, Dixie taking the south, and the WUA taking control of New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersery, Maryland and Delaware. New England become de facto independent. There is talk of rebellion against the much weakened Union government on the Pacific Coast, and along the Ohio River. With Malmesbury booted out of office, and with no coherent opposition party for the Queen to bring in, she makes a popular military man Prime Minister.
[17] Europe was in a frenzy of revolution and rioting, and in Britain it was no different. Flashman used significant force to quell unrest in the Midlands and southern Scotland, and this displeased the largely apathetic Queen. Dismissing Flashman, the monarch instead looked to finding his successor and found it within Gordon. Keen to balance British values whilst understanding the nature of the strikes, Gordon was keen to develop social and political compromise that would prevent violent revolution within the United Kingdom.
[18] Gordon maintained a peacable state for twenty years, ruling as a dictator while ensuring that the will of the people was properly enacted through the demands of Parliament. While Britain experiences unprecedented growth in this period, there are also growing reformist movements that take issue with Gordon's broad range of powers. His abolition of the House of Lords helped quell these voices, but when his successor was appointed by the Queen with no input by the people, those voices started to get louder.
[19] The transitionary government of Kitchener gave way to the restoration of democracy within the United Kingdom; whilst Gordon's reign had been dictatorial, it had not actually been too rough a ride for the United Kingdom, and the re-adoption of parliamentary proceedings was seen as a natural progression now that the revolutionary fervour had died down. Trevelyan was one of the founding members of this new government, and had surprisingly usurped more prominent speakers of his developing 'party' for the premiership. His 1900 term would be chiefly concerned with constitutional evaluation, and the drafting of a new British Constitution went down well with the general public. Uniting the old "Tories" the Conservatives were similarly minded regarding social and domestic affairs, and were keen to keep France under pressure whilst tampering with the growing influence of the American nations.
[20] Trevelyan soon discovered the world had dramatically changed since Gordon had taken up the mantle of power. Russia was rapidly industrialising, China and Japan were emerging out of isolation as new Great Powers, the domination of Europe by France was destabilising as the three German states of Prussia, Austria and Rhineland began to assert themselves. A few revolutions had taken place in the governments-in-exile around the world, leaving a few weakened (Portugal-in-Brazil), a few balkanised (The United Crowns of New Spain as the Kingdom of New Spain, United States of New Granada, Republic of Peru, Kingdom of Paraguay, and the United Provinces of Argentina), and a few strengthened (Confederation of the New Netherlands). Trevelyan reasserted Britain's global presence, and as modernisation began under his ministry, the full potential of Britain's vast imperial domain was being realised by some...
[21] With the turn of the new century, Britain was undoubtedly the dominant world power. With France struggling to stem the tide of its own decline, Amery would be elected with the intent of establishing a "world sphere" of British interests - something that would be regarded as a threat in Paris, New York and La Plata. Amery would also encourage the creation of a "New Royal Navy" and a largely self-sufficient army (which took what it needed from colonial territories).
[22] Amery's government entered into a localized conflict with the United Provinces of Argentina in late-1913 as the states' interests clashed around the Mestivier Islands*. His government increased in unpopularity, and this led to the rapid rise of the Moderate Party. Liberalism, seen as largely unpopular since the Troubles, had resulted in this centrist party occupying the position the Whigs had once held. Harris, a former Whig, would become the party's first Prime Minister with the intent to "make more friends" internationally.
[23] While Britain rebuilt her international alliances, Harris encountered a growing problem within the Empire. As the various parts of the vast imperial domain industrialised, calls for autonomy and self-governance grew louder and louder.
[24] Amery had remained the staunch voice for the Imperialist right, and as a result of an increase in instability in the Empire his strong opinions were seen as necessary. The Imperials were voted in with a comfortable majority, and presided over the signing of the New Alliance with the United Crowns of New Spain, New Granada and the Kingdom of Peru.
[25] Under Amery's direction, the British Empire adopted a new federal system like that of the United Crowns of New Spain. Though for now, only the White Colonies were part of the New Empire.
[26] The Moderates returned in 1932 under Caine, and this would be a decisive tenure. France had been in chaos for many years, but after the Prussian Revolution in 1934 their hegemony of the European continent slipped completely. The Autumn of 1932 saw most French puppet nations fall out of its sphere (violently or otherwise). Caine funded dissident groups within France, and supported New Spain's declaration of war in 1935 (whilst remaining neutral).
[27] The French Empire has one final hurrah as another military strongman comes to the fore. He manages to hold off the New Spanish forces invading Andalusia, but as Russia invades from the East, he is forced to seek terms. Ervine Romelle stands down as Director-General, and the Empire is dissolved. A Republic is installed. The younger brother of the king of New Spain is installed as King of Spain, and similar restorations occur across Europe. Over a century in exile means that some strange things happen when the "Kings From Beyond the Sea" return home. Migrants and businessmen from the Kingdoms also move to the old motherlands seeking new opportunities. East Indians, Mexicans, Brasilians. With France crushed, and North America divided the traditional enemies of the British Empire are no more. Now Britain must find a new role for itself in a rapidly changing world.
[28] With the old order collapsing around it, the British Empire remained the only stable force. Indeed, with the rebirth of the European economy British trade leapt through the roof, and began a new age of industrialization for the state. With this in mind, Caine called a snap election in 1940 but was shockingly defeated by the resurgent Conservative ticket (which was largely dominated by immigration issues). 1940 was also significant for being the first election in which the newly organized political left made a prominent appearance.
[29] The 1944 election would prove to be colossal for British politics. As Britain's role as the only international superpower was cemented, the populace sought the advancement of their own standards of living. A swing to the left ensued and whilst this allowed Caine to return to the premiership with the Moderates; he could only defeat the still-strong Conservatives by entering into a tentative alliance with the Imperial Labour Party (which had been formed in 1938). With their guidance and his political skill, the coalition (narrowly) passed the Imperial Confederation Act (1946) which incorporated all but the most divided of territories into the Empire proper as a single political and trade union. Many of the white colonies were actually incorporated into the parliamentary system - plans to remodel Westminster into the Imperial Parliament were already underway. However, the most prominent challenge to the Moderate coalition was India which whilst a fractious asset at the best of times was now developing into an independence-fuelled hothouse.
[30] With 1947 came the start of another rebellion in India - this one, however, looked to be the beginning of the end for British influence. Caine formed a national government to deal with the crisis, and in the 1949 peace settlement India was divided into numerous states (although not all were anti-British). Whilst the loss of the Empire's greatest asset grated against Caine's popularity, the sitting of the first Imperial Parliament shortly after in 1948 restored the Moderates' ambitions. This new parliament would have a major impact on British politics, as now candidates from all across the "white" Empire would have a shot to rise through the ranks. (The "black" Empire would be slowly ushered into a state of near-independence with autonomy from Westminster.)
[31] In the scientific hothouses founded in the Last Napoleonic War, the possibility of travel between worlds was devised. While Britons became accustomed to the concept of taking a plane to almost anywhere in the world, the idea of rockets did not seem too outlandish. Caine remained highly popular thanks to his diffusion of the fallout from the India Crisis, and his promise of autonomy for the black empire or as he called it 'the old empire of extraction' struck a chord with young liberals.
 
Conservative Victory 1945
Winston Churchill (Conservative and Unionist)[1]


[1]After a 27 seat victory in the 1945 election, Churchill focused his policy around suring up an unsteady Empire and set about pro empire propaganda campaigns amongst the British people. Military appropriations and expenditure increased 45% from the war years, with consumer goods falling to the wayside against the backdrop of an increasingly war industry based economy, which concurrently provided almost 40% of employment.
 
Conservative Victory 1945
Winston Churchill (Conservative and Unionist)[1]


[1]After a 27 seat victory in the 1945 election, Churchill focused his policy around suring up an unsteady Empire and set about pro empire propaganda campaigns amongst the British people. Military appropriations and expenditure increased 45% from the war years, with consumer goods falling to the wayside against the backdrop of an increasingly war industry based economy, which concurrently provided almost 40% of employment.

Baron - this is the thread for British political PODs that occur before 1900. If you want to contribute to modern political timelines, that thread can be found here:

https://www.alternatehistory.com/discussion/showthread.php?p=7348396#post7348396

Feel free to contribute, but preferably to the exist thread before starting another. You can also have a go at adding to this list if that so suits you!

Napoleonic Victory

1812: Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (Tory) [1]
1816: Charles Gray, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [2]
1820: Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [3]
1824: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [4]
1830: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [5]
1834: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [6]
1838: William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne (Whig) [7]
1842: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory) [8]
1845: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory minority) [9]
1850: Henry Goulburn (Tory) [10]
1853: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [11]
1858: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [12]
1862: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [13]
1867: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Tory) [14]
1872: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Unionist) [15]
1877: General Sir Harry P. Flashman (Independent) [16]
1879: Charles G. Gordon (Independent) [17]
1899: Herbert Kitchener (Independent) [18]
1900: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [19]
1905: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [20]
1910: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [21]
1914: Percy Harris (Moderate) [22]
1918: Percy Harris (Moderate) [23]
1922: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [24]
1927: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [25]
1932: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate) [26]
1937: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate) [27]
1940: Ernest Brown (Conservative) [28]
1944: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate-ILP coalition) [29]
1947: Derwent Hall Caine (National Government) [30]
1953: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate) [31]
1958: Alan Lennox-Boyd (Conservative) [32]

[1] Bonaparte never invades Russia and instead puts the Grand Armee to use in the Iberian Peninsula. Here he defeats Wellington, crushes the partisans and establishes a client state in Portugal as well as Spain. With that, and peace established in the closest Napoleonic puppet states, Russia decides to stay in the Continental Blockade. Britain is distracted by the war in Spain, and can't commit sufficient troops to hold back the Americans (who invade and annex the Canadas and Florida). Britain maintains Ruperts Land, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward's Island.
[2] The Jenkinson government is easily toppled, many believe that the French could have been stopped if someone else had been elected ofther than Liverpool. Grey rapidly builds up the military and attempts to hold down republican pro-French revolts in Ireland. Bonaparte waits.
[3] With Britain convulsed with riots, Bonaparte had time to reorganise his empire. However, even while peace was restored to a radically altered Europe, Earl Grey was reforming Britain into a constitutional monarchy. Having appeased reformists in Britain, crushed the Irish rebels and brought in Catholic Emancipation, he expanded the Navy and isolated Britain from the continent, focusing on the colonies and determining to isolate Napoleonic Europe from the rest of the world. He helped the former Spanish and Portuguese monarchies establish themselves in the New World and helped crush rebellions there.
[4] Tired of Grey, the election of Wellesley ushered a return of the Tories back into office. Seen as pro-military and remembered for his attempts to free America of Bonapartism, he was really not very different from his predecessor.
[5] Wellesley secured control over the former Dutch overseas territories, with the exception of the Caribbean where a new Estate General was instigated for the Netherlands-in-exile. Mornington consolidated the British Empire in India and with his brother prepared an army to invade the United States and force them out of alliance with France - hoping to weaken the young republic as much as possible and take back their lost colonies in Canada.
[6] With the invasion brought forward with the suggestion of a Whig victory, the liberation of Canada was successful - Ontario and North Quebec were also gained along with much of Northern Canada. Additionally, Richard IV assumed the throne in 1837.
[7] The British agreed to leave the majority Francophone region in the south of Quebec to the United States, and ceded some land in the Prairie region of Ruperts Land. With British North America once more secure within the Empire, and the United States sufficiently weakened to not make a difference, both Napoleonic Europe and North Africa were isolated. However, with the crisis over the utility of the military-political dynasty of the Wellesleys was eliminated. The Whigs returned to government on a platform was maintaining the status quo rather than take a ruinous war to Europe.
[8] After another series of Irish riots, the Whigs were again ousted. The Tories returned, but faced their own set of problems. The most significant of these was a need to address the growing social unbalance in the country caused by the period of rapid industrialization. Scott, however, was highly reluctant to repeal the Corn Laws and approach the issue - instead referring to the somewhat lower-priority issue to the Empire's administration.
[9] The Tory party split not too far into Scott's administration with Peel leading Free Traders out of the party. This forced Scott to call an election hoping to crush the Free Trades before they could establish themselves. Instead no party achieved a majority. The Tories managed a plurality so Scott stayed clinging to power.
[10] Peel's death in 1850, just prior to the election, gave the free-trade cause a major setback. However, with the Whigs beset by internal squabbling and the protectionist factions of the Tories failing to rally behind Scott again, Goulburn - Peel's natural successor - won a surprising victory. Perhaps unsurprisingly, however, he only possessed a small majority.
[11] With the Tories divided and ineffectual, the Whigs storm into power, determining to turn the British Empire into a world leader, with all other competitors confined to one or two continents at most. They abolish the Corn Laws, and begin constructing an international alliance of states to contain enemies of their vision (US, France).
[12] Palmerston's government was most interested in Britain's relationship with the Russian Empire. Russia had been sitting quietly since the end of the Napoleonic Wars, and the Whigs were keen for their international geopolitical strategy to encircle the French Empire. Also key in their plans was Southeast Asia, as this was a region that Britain was keen to strengthen its position in to prevent a French (or American) sphere in the Far East.
[13] With the economy still growing, Palmerston's government felt safe. But in 1859, rebellion broke out in India. The French sent aid, and Britain found itself overstretched with its empire trying to prevent the existence of any other transcontinental powers. The rebellion was eventually put down, but it was clear to an ailing Palmerston that the Empire must be reformed so that no one part can cripple Britain if it is put in danger. Also, he realised that Britain cannot be sole steward of the globe. Just after he died in 1865, the Imperial Alliance was sealed between the Britain, Russia, the Empire of the Indies (Spanish-government-in-exile), and the Kingdom of Brasil (Portuguese government-in-exile).
[14] In 1867, with the United States on the brink of civil war and France facing domestic upheaval of its own, the Tories (now a united force once again) returned under the 3rd Earl of Malmesbury, James Harris. Malmesbury was a highly cautious leader - keen to play off Britain's rivals against each other whilst maintaining the central ground. The Imperial Alliance continued to contain American influence in Central America, and after the beginning of Brasil's industrialization in 1870 really began to pack some clout. Just before the 1872 election, Malmesbury met in secret with a number of prominent Southern politicians regarding British aid should an American civil war break out...
[15] The outbreak of the American Civil War in 1873 not only split the USA into several feuding chunks, but it split British politics and the Imperial Alliance. Inteference in the internal affairs of a sovereign state in support of slavers in the south, and later on socialists in the Mid-Atlantic states, was seen as arrogant and overbearing behaviour. The First Intervention on the side of the Confederated Republics of America (later the Confederated Republics of Dixie) alienated the more liberal members of the Alliance like the Dutch and Scandinavian successor governments in the New World. The Second Intervention on the side of the Worker's Union of America alienated Russia and the United Crowns of New Spain. Malmesbury retained power by reforging the factions that backed him as the Unionist Party.
[16] Rebellion broke out in Britain, and the Queen was a vocal supporter of the strikes and marches - calling into question the eagerness with which Malmesbury's cronies had pursued their aims in direct contradiction with Britain's opposition to slavery and radical socialism. In America, the secessionists had won the war, Dixie taking the south, and the WUA taking control of New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersery, Maryland and Delaware. New England become de facto independent. There is talk of rebellion against the much weakened Union government on the Pacific Coast, and along the Ohio River. With Malmesbury booted out of office, and with no coherent opposition party for the Queen to bring in, she makes a popular military man Prime Minister.
[17] Europe was in a frenzy of revolution and rioting, and in Britain it was no different. Flashman used significant force to quell unrest in the Midlands and southern Scotland, and this displeased the largely apathetic Queen. Dismissing Flashman, the monarch instead looked to finding his successor and found it within Gordon. Keen to balance British values whilst understanding the nature of the strikes, Gordon was keen to develop social and political compromise that would prevent violent revolution within the United Kingdom.
[18] Gordon maintained a peacable state for twenty years, ruling as a dictator while ensuring that the will of the people was properly enacted through the demands of Parliament. While Britain experiences unprecedented growth in this period, there are also growing reformist movements that take issue with Gordon's broad range of powers. His abolition of the House of Lords helped quell these voices, but when his successor was appointed by the Queen with no input by the people, those voices started to get louder.
[19] The transitionary government of Kitchener gave way to the restoration of democracy within the United Kingdom; whilst Gordon's reign had been dictatorial, it had not actually been too rough a ride for the United Kingdom, and the re-adoption of parliamentary proceedings was seen as a natural progression now that the revolutionary fervour had died down. Trevelyan was one of the founding members of this new government, and had surprisingly usurped more prominent speakers of his developing 'party' for the premiership. His 1900 term would be chiefly concerned with constitutional evaluation, and the drafting of a new British Constitution went down well with the general public. Uniting the old "Tories" the Conservatives were similarly minded regarding social and domestic affairs, and were keen to keep France under pressure whilst tampering with the growing influence of the American nations.
[20] Trevelyan soon discovered the world had dramatically changed since Gordon had taken up the mantle of power. Russia was rapidly industrialising, China and Japan were emerging out of isolation as new Great Powers, the domination of Europe by France was destabilising as the three German states of Prussia, Austria and Rhineland began to assert themselves. A few revolutions had taken place in the governments-in-exile around the world, leaving a few weakened (Portugal-in-Brazil), a few balkanised (The United Crowns of New Spain as the Kingdom of New Spain, United States of New Granada, Republic of Peru, Kingdom of Paraguay, and the United Provinces of Argentina), and a few strengthened (Confederation of the New Netherlands). Trevelyan reasserted Britain's global presence, and as modernisation began under his ministry, the full potential of Britain's vast imperial domain was being realised by some...
[21] With the turn of the new century, Britain was undoubtedly the dominant world power. With France struggling to stem the tide of its own decline, Amery would be elected with the intent of establishing a "world sphere" of British interests - something that would be regarded as a threat in Paris, New York and La Plata. Amery would also encourage the creation of a "New Royal Navy" and a largely self-sufficient army (which took what it needed from colonial territories).
[22] Amery's government entered into a localized conflict with the United Provinces of Argentina in late-1913 as the states' interests clashed around the Mestivier Islands*. His government increased in unpopularity, and this led to the rapid rise of the Moderate Party. Liberalism, seen as largely unpopular since the Troubles, had resulted in this centrist party occupying the position the Whigs had once held. Harris, a former Whig, would become the party's first Prime Minister with the intent to "make more friends" internationally.
[23] While Britain rebuilt her international alliances, Harris encountered a growing problem within the Empire. As the various parts of the vast imperial domain industrialised, calls for autonomy and self-governance grew louder and louder.
[24] Amery had remained the staunch voice for the Imperialist right, and as a result of an increase in instability in the Empire his strong opinions were seen as necessary. The Imperials were voted in with a comfortable majority, and presided over the signing of the New Alliance with the United Crowns of New Spain, New Granada and the Kingdom of Peru.
[25] Under Amery's direction, the British Empire adopted a new federal system like that of the United Crowns of New Spain. Though for now, only the White Colonies were part of the New Empire.
[26] The Moderates returned in 1932 under Caine, and this would be a decisive tenure. France had been in chaos for many years, but after the Prussian Revolution in 1934 their hegemony of the European continent slipped completely. The Autumn of 1932 saw most French puppet nations fall out of its sphere (violently or otherwise). Caine funded dissident groups within France, and supported New Spain's declaration of war in 1935 (whilst remaining neutral).
[27] The French Empire has one final hurrah as another military strongman comes to the fore. He manages to hold off the New Spanish forces invading Andalusia, but as Russia invades from the East, he is forced to seek terms. Ervine Romelle stands down as Director-General, and the Empire is dissolved. A Republic is installed. The younger brother of the king of New Spain is installed as King of Spain, and similar restorations occur across Europe. Over a century in exile means that some strange things happen when the "Kings From Beyond the Sea" return home. Migrants and businessmen from the Kingdoms also move to the old motherlands seeking new opportunities. East Indians, Mexicans, Brasilians. With France crushed, and North America divided the traditional enemies of the British Empire are no more. Now Britain must find a new role for itself in a rapidly changing world.
[28] With the old order collapsing around it, the British Empire remained the only stable force. Indeed, with the rebirth of the European economy British trade leapt through the roof, and began a new age of industrialization for the state. With this in mind, Caine called a snap election in 1940 but was shockingly defeated by the resurgent Conservative ticket (which was largely dominated by immigration issues). 1940 was also significant for being the first election in which the newly organized political left made a prominent appearance.
[29] The 1944 election would prove to be colossal for British politics. As Britain's role as the only international superpower was cemented, the populace sought the advancement of their own standards of living. A swing to the left ensued and whilst this allowed Caine to return to the premiership with the Moderates; he could only defeat the still-strong Conservatives by entering into a tentative alliance with the Imperial Labour Party (which had been formed in 1938). With their guidance and his political skill, the coalition (narrowly) passed the Imperial Confederation Act (1946) which incorporated all but the most divided of territories into the Empire proper as a single political and trade union. Many of the white colonies were actually incorporated into the parliamentary system - plans to remodel Westminster into the Imperial Parliament were already underway. However, the most prominent challenge to the Moderate coalition was India which whilst a fractious asset at the best of times was now developing into an independence-fuelled hothouse.
[30] With 1947 came the start of another rebellion in India - this one, however, looked to be the beginning of the end for British influence. Caine formed a national government to deal with the crisis, and in the 1949 peace settlement India was divided into numerous states (although not all were anti-British). Whilst the loss of the Empire's greatest asset grated against Caine's popularity, the sitting of the first Imperial Parliament shortly after in 1948 restored the Moderates' ambitions. This new parliament would have a major impact on British politics, as now candidates from all across the "white" Empire would have a shot to rise through the ranks. (The "black" Empire would be slowly ushered into a state of near-independence with autonomy from Westminster.)
[31] In the scientific hothouses founded in the Last Napoleonic War, the possibility of travel between worlds was devised. While Britons became accustomed to the concept of taking a plane to almost anywhere in the world, the idea of rockets did not seem too outlandish. Caine remained highly popular thanks to his diffusion of the fallout from the India Crisis, and his promise of autonomy for the black empire or as he called it 'the old empire of extraction' struck a chord with young liberals.
[32] The era of the most successful and popular Prime Minister ever came to an end in time for the 1958 election, as Caine retired from politics and did not run for the Moderates. The British Empire he had left was completely unrecognizable from that he had inherited for the first of his governments in 1932. The Moderates had exploded into the dominant British political party, but now the departure of Caine gave the Conservatives and ILP a chance at government. A British member of the Imperial parliament, Lennox-Boyd was a fresh new face for a Britain content with itself (in the midst of an economic boom and a political hegemony unrivalled across the globe). The emergence of rocket propulsion would revolutionize travel across the Empire in particular during his tenure, and Britain would come to lead this new industry.
 
Bump.

Napoleonic Victory

1812: Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (Tory) [1]

1816: Charles Gray, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [2]
1820: Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey (Whig) [3]
1824: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [4]
1830: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [5]
1834: Richard Wellesley, 2nd Earl Mornington (Tory) [6]
1838: William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne (Whig) [7]
1842: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory) [8]
1845: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch (Tory minority) [9]
1850: Henry Goulburn (Tory) [10]
1853: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [11]
1858: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [12]
1862: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (Whig) [13]
1867: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Tory) [14]
1872: James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury (Unionist) [15]
1877: General Sir Harry P. Flashman (Independent) [16]
1879: Charles G. Gordon (Independent) [17]
1899: Herbert Kitchener (Independent) [18]
1900: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [19]
1905: George Trevelyan (Conservative) [20]
1910: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [21]
1914: Percy Harris (Moderate) [22]
1918: Percy Harris (Moderate) [23]
1922: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [24]
1927: Leo Amery (Imperial Conservative) [25]
1932: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate) [26]
1937: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate) [27]
1940: Ernest Brown (Conservative) [28]
1944: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate-ILP coalition) [29]
1947: Derwent Hall Caine (National Government) [30]
1953: Derwent Hall Caine (Moderate) [31]
1958: Alan Lennox-Boyd (Conservative) [32]
1963: Winston Field (Conservative) [33]

[1] Bonaparte never invades Russia and instead puts the Grand Armee to use in the Iberian Peninsula. Here he defeats Wellington, crushes the partisans and establishes a client state in Portugal as well as Spain. With that, and peace established in the closest Napoleonic puppet states, Russia decides to stay in the Continental Blockade. Britain is distracted by the war in Spain, and can't commit sufficient troops to hold back the Americans (who invade and annex the Canadas and Florida). Britain maintains Ruperts Land, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward's Island.
[2] The Jenkinson government is easily toppled, many believe that the French could have been stopped if someone else had been elected ofther than Liverpool. Grey rapidly builds up the military and attempts to hold down republican pro-French revolts in Ireland. Bonaparte waits.
[3] With Britain convulsed with riots, Bonaparte had time to reorganise his empire. However, even while peace was restored to a radically altered Europe, Earl Grey was reforming Britain into a constitutional monarchy. Having appeased reformists in Britain, crushed the Irish rebels and brought in Catholic Emancipation, he expanded the Navy and isolated Britain from the continent, focusing on the colonies and determining to isolate Napoleonic Europe from the rest of the world. He helped the former Spanish and Portuguese monarchies establish themselves in the New World and helped crush rebellions there.
[4] Tired of Grey, the election of Wellesley ushered a return of the Tories back into office. Seen as pro-military and remembered for his attempts to free America of Bonapartism, he was really not very different from his predecessor.
[5] Wellesley secured control over the former Dutch overseas territories, with the exception of the Caribbean where a new Estate General was instigated for the Netherlands-in-exile. Mornington consolidated the British Empire in India and with his brother prepared an army to invade the United States and force them out of alliance with France - hoping to weaken the young republic as much as possible and take back their lost colonies in Canada.
[6] With the invasion brought forward with the suggestion of a Whig victory, the liberation of Canada was successful - Ontario and North Quebec were also gained along with much of Northern Canada. Additionally, Richard IV assumed the throne in 1837.
[7] The British agreed to leave the majority Francophone region in the south of Quebec to the United States, and ceded some land in the Prairie region of Ruperts Land. With British North America once more secure within the Empire, and the United States sufficiently weakened to not make a difference, both Napoleonic Europe and North Africa were isolated. However, with the crisis over the utility of the military-political dynasty of the Wellesleys was eliminated. The Whigs returned to government on a platform was maintaining the status quo rather than take a ruinous war to Europe.
[8] After another series of Irish riots, the Whigs were again ousted. The Tories returned, but faced their own set of problems. The most significant of these was a need to address the growing social unbalance in the country caused by the period of rapid industrialization. Scott, however, was highly reluctant to repeal the Corn Laws and approach the issue - instead referring to the somewhat lower-priority issue to the Empire's administration.
[9] The Tory party split not too far into Scott's administration with Peel leading Free Traders out of the party. This forced Scott to call an election hoping to crush the Free Trades before they could establish themselves. Instead no party achieved a majority. The Tories managed a plurality so Scott stayed clinging to power.
[10] Peel's death in 1850, just prior to the election, gave the free-trade cause a major setback. However, with the Whigs beset by internal squabbling and the protectionist factions of the Tories failing to rally behind Scott again, Goulburn - Peel's natural successor - won a surprising victory. Perhaps unsurprisingly, however, he only possessed a small majority.
[11] With the Tories divided and ineffectual, the Whigs storm into power, determining to turn the British Empire into a world leader, with all other competitors confined to one or two continents at most. They abolish the Corn Laws, and begin constructing an international alliance of states to contain enemies of their vision (US, France).
[12] Palmerston's government was most interested in Britain's relationship with the Russian Empire. Russia had been sitting quietly since the end of the Napoleonic Wars, and the Whigs were keen for their international geopolitical strategy to encircle the French Empire. Also key in their plans was Southeast Asia, as this was a region that Britain was keen to strengthen its position in to prevent a French (or American) sphere in the Far East.
[13] With the economy still growing, Palmerston's government felt safe. But in 1859, rebellion broke out in India. The French sent aid, and Britain found itself overstretched with its empire trying to prevent the existence of any other transcontinental powers. The rebellion was eventually put down, but it was clear to an ailing Palmerston that the Empire must be reformed so that no one part can cripple Britain if it is put in danger. Also, he realised that Britain cannot be sole steward of the globe. Just after he died in 1865, the Imperial Alliance was sealed between the Britain, Russia, the Empire of the Indies (Spanish-government-in-exile), and the Kingdom of Brasil (Portuguese government-in-exile).
[14] In 1867, with the United States on the brink of civil war and France facing domestic upheaval of its own, the Tories (now a united force once again) returned under the 3rd Earl of Malmesbury, James Harris. Malmesbury was a highly cautious leader - keen to play off Britain's rivals against each other whilst maintaining the central ground. The Imperial Alliance continued to contain American influence in Central America, and after the beginning of Brasil's industrialization in 1870 really began to pack some clout. Just before the 1872 election, Malmesbury met in secret with a number of prominent Southern politicians regarding British aid should an American civil war break out...
[15] The outbreak of the American Civil War in 1873 not only split the USA into several feuding chunks, but it split British politics and the Imperial Alliance. Inteference in the internal affairs of a sovereign state in support of slavers in the south, and later on socialists in the Mid-Atlantic states, was seen as arrogant and overbearing behaviour. The First Intervention on the side of the Confederated Republics of America (later the Confederated Republics of Dixie) alienated the more liberal members of the Alliance like the Dutch and Scandinavian successor governments in the New World. The Second Intervention on the side of the Worker's Union of America alienated Russia and the United Crowns of New Spain. Malmesbury retained power by reforging the factions that backed him as the Unionist Party.
[16] Rebellion broke out in Britain, and the Queen was a vocal supporter of the strikes and marches - calling into question the eagerness with which Malmesbury's cronies had pursued their aims in direct contradiction with Britain's opposition to slavery and radical socialism. In America, the secessionists had won the war, Dixie taking the south, and the WUA taking control of New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersery, Maryland and Delaware. New England become de facto independent. There is talk of rebellion against the much weakened Union government on the Pacific Coast, and along the Ohio River. With Malmesbury booted out of office, and with no coherent opposition party for the Queen to bring in, she makes a popular military man Prime Minister.
[17] Europe was in a frenzy of revolution and rioting, and in Britain it was no different. Flashman used significant force to quell unrest in the Midlands and southern Scotland, and this displeased the largely apathetic Queen. Dismissing Flashman, the monarch instead looked to finding his successor and found it within Gordon. Keen to balance British values whilst understanding the nature of the strikes, Gordon was keen to develop social and political compromise that would prevent violent revolution within the United Kingdom.
[18] Gordon maintained a peacable state for twenty years, ruling as a dictator while ensuring that the will of the people was properly enacted through the demands of Parliament. While Britain experiences unprecedented growth in this period, there are also growing reformist movements that take issue with Gordon's broad range of powers. His abolition of the House of Lords helped quell these voices, but when his successor was appointed by the Queen with no input by the people, those voices started to get louder.
[19] The transitionary government of Kitchener gave way to the restoration of democracy within the United Kingdom; whilst Gordon's reign had been dictatorial, it had not actually been too rough a ride for the United Kingdom, and the re-adoption of parliamentary proceedings was seen as a natural progression now that the revolutionary fervour had died down. Trevelyan was one of the founding members of this new government, and had surprisingly usurped more prominent speakers of his developing 'party' for the premiership. His 1900 term would be chiefly concerned with constitutional evaluation, and the drafting of a new British Constitution went down well with the general public. Uniting the old "Tories" the Conservatives were similarly minded regarding social and domestic affairs, and were keen to keep France under pressure whilst tampering with the growing influence of the American nations.
[20] Trevelyan soon discovered the world had dramatically changed since Gordon had taken up the mantle of power. Russia was rapidly industrialising, China and Japan were emerging out of isolation as new Great Powers, the domination of Europe by France was destabilising as the three German states of Prussia, Austria and Rhineland began to assert themselves. A few revolutions had taken place in the governments-in-exile around the world, leaving a few weakened (Portugal-in-Brazil), a few balkanised (The United Crowns of New Spain as the Kingdom of New Spain, United States of New Granada, Republic of Peru, Kingdom of Paraguay, and the United Provinces of Argentina), and a few strengthened (Confederation of the New Netherlands). Trevelyan reasserted Britain's global presence, and as modernisation began under his ministry, the full potential of Britain's vast imperial domain was being realised by some...
[21] With the turn of the new century, Britain was undoubtedly the dominant world power. With France struggling to stem the tide of its own decline, Amery would be elected with the intent of establishing a "world sphere" of British interests - something that would be regarded as a threat in Paris, New York and La Plata. Amery would also encourage the creation of a "New Royal Navy" and a largely self-sufficient army (which took what it needed from colonial territories).
[22] Amery's government entered into a localized conflict with the United Provinces of Argentina in late-1913 as the states' interests clashed around the Mestivier Islands*. His government increased in unpopularity, and this led to the rapid rise of the Moderate Party. Liberalism, seen as largely unpopular since the Troubles, had resulted in this centrist party occupying the position the Whigs had once held. Harris, a former Whig, would become the party's first Prime Minister with the intent to "make more friends" internationally.
[23] While Britain rebuilt her international alliances, Harris encountered a growing problem within the Empire. As the various parts of the vast imperial domain industrialised, calls for autonomy and self-governance grew louder and louder.
[24] Amery had remained the staunch voice for the Imperialist right, and as a result of an increase in instability in the Empire his strong opinions were seen as necessary. The Imperials were voted in with a comfortable majority, and presided over the signing of the New Alliance with the United Crowns of New Spain, New Granada and the Kingdom of Peru.
[25] Under Amery's direction, the British Empire adopted a new federal system like that of the United Crowns of New Spain. Though for now, only the White Colonies were part of the New Empire.
[26] The Moderates returned in 1932 under Caine, and this would be a decisive tenure. France had been in chaos for many years, but after the Prussian Revolution in 1934 their hegemony of the European continent slipped completely. The Autumn of 1932 saw most French puppet nations fall out of its sphere (violently or otherwise). Caine funded dissident groups within France, and supported New Spain's declaration of war in 1935 (whilst remaining neutral).
[27] The French Empire has one final hurrah as another military strongman comes to the fore. He manages to hold off the New Spanish forces invading Andalusia, but as Russia invades from the East, he is forced to seek terms. Ervine Romelle stands down as Director-General, and the Empire is dissolved. A Republic is installed. The younger brother of the king of New Spain is installed as King of Spain, and similar restorations occur across Europe. Over a century in exile means that some strange things happen when the "Kings From Beyond the Sea" return home. Migrants and businessmen from the Kingdoms also move to the old motherlands seeking new opportunities. East Indians, Mexicans, Brasilians. With France crushed, and North America divided the traditional enemies of the British Empire are no more. Now Britain must find a new role for itself in a rapidly changing world.
[28] With the old order collapsing around it, the British Empire remained the only stable force. Indeed, with the rebirth of the European economy British trade leapt through the roof, and began a new age of industrialization for the state. With this in mind, Caine called a snap election in 1940 but was shockingly defeated by the resurgent Conservative ticket (which was largely dominated by immigration issues). 1940 was also significant for being the first election in which the newly organized political left made a prominent appearance.
[29] The 1944 election would prove to be colossal for British politics. As Britain's role as the only international superpower was cemented, the populace sought the advancement of their own standards of living. A swing to the left ensued and whilst this allowed Caine to return to the premiership with the Moderates; he could only defeat the still-strong Conservatives by entering into a tentative alliance with the Imperial Labour Party (which had been formed in 1938). With their guidance and his political skill, the coalition (narrowly) passed the Imperial Confederation Act (1946) which incorporated all but the most divided of territories into the Empire proper as a single political and trade union. Many of the white colonies were actually incorporated into the parliamentary system - plans to remodel Westminster into the Imperial Parliament were already underway. However, the most prominent challenge to the Moderate coalition was India which whilst a fractious asset at the best of times was now developing into an independence-fuelled hothouse.
[30] With 1947 came the start of another rebellion in India - this one, however, looked to be the beginning of the end for British influence. Caine formed a national government to deal with the crisis, and in the 1949 peace settlement India was divided into numerous states (although not all were anti-British). Whilst the loss of the Empire's greatest asset grated against Caine's popularity, the sitting of the first Imperial Parliament shortly after in 1948 restored the Moderates' ambitions. This new parliament would have a major impact on British politics, as now candidates from all across the "white" Empire would have a shot to rise through the ranks. (The "black" Empire would be slowly ushered into a state of near-independence with autonomy from Westminster.)
[31] In the scientific hothouses founded in the Last Napoleonic War, the possibility of travel between worlds was devised. While Britons became accustomed to the concept of taking a plane to almost anywhere in the world, the idea of rockets did not seem too outlandish. Caine remained highly popular thanks to his diffusion of the fallout from the India Crisis, and his promise of autonomy for the black empire or as he called it 'the old empire of extraction' struck a chord with young liberals.
[32] The era of the most successful and popular Prime Minister ever came to an end in time for the 1958 election, as Caine retired from politics and did not run for the Moderates. The British Empire he had left was completely unrecognizable from that he had inherited for the first of his governments in 1932. The Moderates had exploded into the dominant British political party, but now the departure of Caine gave the Conservatives and ILP a chance at government. A British member of the Imperial parliament, Lennox-Boyd was a fresh new face for a Britain content with itself (in the midst of an economic boom and a political hegemony unrivalled across the globe). The emergence of rocket propulsion would revolutionize travel across the Empire in particular during his tenure, and Britain would come to lead this new industry.
[33] An IMP for Lusaka (Rhodesia) for many years, Field's rapid rise through the imperial political chain was marked by a rapid decline in the stability of world affairs. The Dixe Revolution of 1960 marked a decisive change in policy regarding North America - there was talk of a reunion between North and South - and soon the want to preserve the "Democratic Empire" sparked a wave in support for the Imperial Parliament (which until now had been only partly accepted). Field was an internationalist, but saw British influence across the world as the "sole source of good" and French influence as "violent revolutionaryism."
 
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