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In 1510, the Portuguese landed troops on the Indian Subcontinent and staked a land claim which would persist until the modern era. By the time of British India's independence in the mid-Twentieth Century, the Portuguese maintained several enclaves on the western coast of India, enclaves which they refused to cede to the newly independent Republic of India over fourteen years of peaceful diplomatic efforts.

Finally, in 1961, the Indians had become fed up, and began massing troops along borders between Indian territory and these Portuguese enclaves. Midway through December, they sent a note to the United Nations requesting help in pressuring Portugal to negotiate honestly on the issue of ceding what they saw as rightfully Indian soil back to Indian sovereignty. This was refused, as were numerous appeals to Lisbon.

Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru finally ordered his forces to attack. Late in December, 1961, the Indian Air Force commenced bombardment of the few usable airstrips in the enclaves. Portugal's only warship of note along the Indian coast, the sloop Afonso de Albuquerque, was crippled and forced to run aground in a battle with two frigates of the Indian Navy, and would be captured by enemy ground troops the next day. Portuguese ground troops, being a mixture of poorly trained local militia, policemen, and Army regulars, were outnumbered and plagued with a lack of heavy weapons, ammunition, and mobile radios. In the face of a well equipped, well trained, motivated Indian military, they were driven back everywhere they fought. Despite his orders not to do so, Governor General Manuel António Vassalo e Silva surrendered on the 19th of December, to save his remaining soldiers.

When the beginning of the invasion was fully confirmed, Portugal called an emergency session of the U.N. Security Council to request assistance, to demand that India withdraw from what she saw as her territory and resume negotiations. Several nations lined up to support Portugal, including Britain and the United States, but a Security Council resolution supporting Portugal's demands was foiled when the Soviet Union exercised their veto powers. Pakistan formally opposed the action, while China remained neutral and many in Africa were positively wild with delight at the "Liberation of Goa," as some called it.

Portugal refused to recognize India's rights to the land until the Carnation Revolution of 1974 deposed the old government in Lisbon, and their successors recognized Indian sovereignty.

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Now, my question is very simple. Suppose the Soviet Union had decided, for whatever reason, not to exercise their Security Council veto, thus allowing the resolution to pass? India had made it known they would not withdraw under any conditions from the Portuguese enclaves, so what happens when the Security Council orders them to back out, and they flatly refuse?
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