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Today some 14% of the Republic of China are or are descended from people who came over due to the Chinese Civil War.

Hainan has a landmass that is 98.3% the size of Taiwan, but has a population 39% the size of Taiwan. Hainan is also much less mountainous, meaning there's more room for urban buildup and more room for agriculture to sustain the overall population in both Taiwan and Hainan. Hainan is also closer to the mainland, which makes me think there'd be more illegal migration over time - especially if Hainan industrializes in a similar fashion as Taiwan did.

The RoC might be able to take in more Chinese migrants from southeast asia than OTL. Chinese from Malaya introduced rubber trees to the island OTL in the early 20th Century. Many of the persecuted Vietnamese and Indonesian Chinese might go to Hainan and Taiwan TTL rather than China.
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