North London Science Fiction Society, 1995. David Burton
Ladies, gentlemen, aliens, timetravellers, children of all ages. I want to thank you for having me here at this convention. I’m having a wonderful time, and it’s been grand meeting all of you. The Convention Organizers have invited me to give a talk on the subject of humour in Doctor Who, a subject which was an important part of the New Doctor.
Humour was an important part of my show, but it wasn’t without controversy. I remember, when we started up, Paul Bernard, my Director, he was completely against it.
Now Paul had worked with Jon Pertwee. Not many of you may know this, but Jon was a very talented comedian. He’d been in Carry On, he’d done Worzel Gummidge, he was very sharp with comedy. But when he became the Doctor, he played it absolutely straight.
Paul said to me, "David, the material is outrageous. The only way to play outrageous material is straight on, if you want the audience to believe in it, then you have to believe in it. The minute you wink at them, then they stop believing, and then it’s over."
You look at Jon’s performance, and that’s how he does it. Jon dressed like Dracula, with his red lined cape and his ruffled shirt, a 19th century dandy, he drove an antique car and did something called Venusian Karate. I think in his first serial, he had a wheelchair chase, that’s straight out of the Marx Brothers. But Jon played it all dead serious, and so the audience did too. They went along with it. I give him that.
Paul wanted me to play it that way. But I’m not Jon. I just couldn’t. I wouldn’t. That wasn’t who I was, and I knew if I was going to make my Doctor work, I would have to do him my way.
We had some huge rows about it, Paul and I, about how to play him. Paul came around, but I don’t think he was ever completely comfortable. Ian, though, I don’t think Ian ever forgave me. He thought I ruined the show.
But Jon’s approach, the way he played it, was only one way. You see, it’s all about getting the audience on your side. I’m mainly a stage man, you play with a live audience every time, you know right away if they’re with you or not. The audience has to identify with you, with your character. I was keenly aware of that. They have to like you, they have to see some of themself in you. They have to be willing to buy you, and the story you’re telling them.
Now, the Doctor, here’s this man, and he’s travelling through space and time, and he’s doing all sorts of outrageous things, he’s punching out hitler, and he’s wrestling with alien invasions, and monsters and parallel dimensions. Outrageous stuff. And to sell it, you had to be absolutely serious about it.
And I was - that stuff, the key stuff. Watch the episodes, you never saw me joke about any of that. That was serious. I had to buy it, and the audience had to buy it, and that couldn’t be mocked. That was the framework.
So when I made jokes, I didn’t make jokes about the framework. I made my jokes inside the framework. I never say ‘oh, time travel, that’s ridiculous’ or ‘a phone booth is my spaceship - crazy.’ No, that gets taken seriously, it just is. When the Doctor meets aliens, he doesn’t mock the idea of aliens, he mocked a particular alien, and not the alien itself - its foibles.
You don’t just throw jokes in anywhere. You have to pick your spot. It has to be where it’s going to work. With comedy, timing is everything. Judgement is everything.
When it’s outrageous, then you have to sell it, to go along with it. But sometimes you can’t do that.
If it gets too absurd, then you have to acknowledge it. Remember, you’re always representing the audience, they’re identifying with you. If you have a ridiculous situation, and they see it’s a ridiculous situation, and you don’t accept that it’s ridiculous the audience can’t identify with you. They think you’re a fool.
That was Sylvester McCoy’s mistake. I shouldn’t say this, because Sylvester and I have been civil lately. But Sylvester’s an old hand, he knows his stuff even if his writers didn’t.
They gave Sylvester absurd stories. Not outrageous, but absurd. There's a distinction. Delta and the Bannerman, take one look at that title and run for it. Or Paradise Towers, or that awful thing with the candy monster - what was that? Happiness Patrol. Those were absurd stories, the audience knows its absurd, its over the top, its laughs. You have two choices. You can take that acknowledge it’s absurd and then work with it, and the audience will go with you because, hello, its absurd to them to, so you know you’re on the right page. Or you can play it straight, but if you play it straight, then you’re the fool, and that’s how the audience sees you. You are the fish out of water.
Now, you can do absurd, and you can play absurd straight. But you have to earn it. Carnival of Monsters, that was Jon’s show. Absurd, correct. Miniaturized monsters in a box, bureaucrats bickering with carnies. Absurd comical stuff, and Jon plays it straight all the way through - there he is, trying to talk to chickens. But here’s the thing, Jon’s earned it. He’s played the Doctor through years of adventures, we identify with him, because he’s the man, every step of the way, so he’s got that going for him. Sylvester? First shot out the door, and he gets marked as a buffoon. There’s a difference. The other thing they do, is they’re very careful with Jon and the absurdity, they keep them separate for a long time, it’s introduced carefully. They don’t just slap Jon in the face with the big fish. Sylvester, he went right into the deep end of the pool.
When Sylvester started out, they played him for a fool. There he is, running about in these silly situations, playing the fool, mangling proverbs. What was it, Time and the Rani? Kate O’Mara’s disguised as his companion, and she’s making fun of him, and he’s just mangling proverbs and running about. Bad start. Comedy, but not the right kind of comedy, plays the Doctor as a fool, and no one respects a fool.
Now, Pat Troughton, he does the same thing? Or does he? Pat Troughton’s Doctor plays the fool. But here’s the thing, he isn’t played the fool. You see the difference? Pat’s Doctor is a brilliant man playing at being a fool to get his way. Time and the Rani, Sylvester’s Doctor is actually presented as a fool, that’s what the script has him as. The audience clearly sees that Pat’s not a fool, they see Pat is using foolishness as a tool, so the joke is really on the other guy. Pat may play stupid, but we know the really stupid man is the fellow that Pat is running his game on. The audience is laughing with Pat, not at him, they know he’s laughing on the inside, they’re laughing together.
I think Sylvester was floundering badly until he started getting stories that let him take the character in a different direction, more mysterious, more dangerous. Maybe that’s where it comes from. But the thing is they mishandled comedy with Sylvester.
It’s a trick. You look at how Tom processed comedy. He was actually very funny, and it worked. Tom was funny, not just with Douglas Adams, but all through his run. Right from his first adventure, he’s got a light touch. But here’s the thing, Tom was never played as the fool. He was always someone the audience identified with, rather than laughed at. The audience never lost identification with him.
The other thing with Tom is that he knows when to bring it. Humour is reactive. When Tom had a good line, and he had so many, he was reacting to something, it was a response. He never started out with a joke. Humour, comedy comes as a response, laughter is a reflex. It has to come from somewhere. When Sylvester does a bit, like when he played spoons on Kate O’Mara’s breasts, it’s not funny, it comes out of nowhere, it goes nowhere, the audience goes ‘what was that?’ But the audience doesn’t laugh. It’s not funny.
That’s the thing with humour. You have to be careful with it, you have to respect it, and you have to know when to go with it.
I remember I was strongly criticized in some quarters, by some fans, for my humour. The feeling was that I was undercutting the story. I was trivializing it and making it a joke. Paul Bernard and I had many arguments over it, and he’d eventually see it my way, but he was never completely comfortable. Ian, now he was mortally offended, Doctor Who was practically a religion to him and his first commandment was THOU SHALT NOT LAUGH AT MY RELIGION.
But no. Yes, I made jokes, I made quips, I did bits, yes I looked straight at the camera and spoke to the audience - that’s breaking the fourth wall.
But here’s the thing. I knew when to do it. I knew that there were times you have to be completely straight on, when you have to buy into the story and sell the story. I knew when to be serious.
And there’s times when I knew that I could be funny, that it would work then. I got a lot of flack for breaking the fourth wall, but if you watch, you’ll see. I was very careful with it, sparing. Only once per episide, no more, no less. I didn’t overdo it. And I picked my moment, very very carefully. And you know what? It worked.
I wasn’t the first Doctor to break the fourth wall. Bill Hartnell did it. Tom did it regularly, more or less. The camera would zoom in on him, and he’d stare, and the line would come out, he might as well have been addressing the audience directly. No one ever complained with Tom. It’s a matter of doing it right.
Like Pat, like Tom, humour was a very important part of my Doctor. And it was coming from somewhere. I’ll tell you where it was from. My secret.
My Doctor was a demigod. He could fly around through time and space. He was from a civilization that could juggle black holes around. He was powerful, his civilization was powerful. Compared to that, we’re just monkeys.
But when he finds these monkeys, they’re doing things. They’re building and creating and asking questions, they’re making art and music and science, and he thinks its just wonderful. It’s grains of sand compared to where he’s from.
But that’s okay, because they’re not Time Lords, they’re just little monkeys. But they’re little monkeys who do wonderful and amazing things, who are showing themselves so much better than just monkeys, so much better than anyone could expect of them. And he thinks that’s wonderful. These little monkeys have exceeded everything, and they have this universe of possibility. He’s fallen in love with them, he’s fallen in love with humanity. That’s where the comedy comes from, this love for humanity, these little monkeys who surprise and amaze him and show so much possibility. To the Doctor, they are at once silly and amazing, silly because their best efforts aren’t a speck on where he’s from, amazing in that they’ve accomplished so much on their own terms.
So when my Doctor is being funny, when he’s cracking a joke, underneath it, he’s delighted with people, with the idea of people. Sometimes it’s disappointment, but delight or disappointment, what drives it is love.