Plausibility check: A Jewish Caliphate

Let's say Judaism, during a short period of time somewhen in the 6th/7th century, becomes the predominant religion of the Arabian peninsula, and unites under this religious basis. Let's say that, during or shortly after a Sassanid-Byzantine war, when Persia and the ERE are both weakened, they decided to return the Holy City of Jerusalem into Jewish hands, and this sparks an entire regional conflict in which the Levant and Egypt, and afterwards maybe even parts of Persia, fall into the hands of this Jewish Caliphate.

Is it plausible at all? I don't even that this entity will be as powerful as the OTL caliphate, just that it will see itself as the leader of Judaism, have a Jewish majority, and control much of the middle east.
 

Winnabago

Banned
If the Axumites destroyed the pagan/Muslim holy center of the Ka’ba, plundering Muhammad’s birthplace, and if Byzantium conclusively won the Byzanto-Sassanid wars (sending Jews fleeing to Jewish settlements in Arabia to escape Roman persecution) it might be possible.
 
Obviously not a "Caliphate". If it controls Jerusalem, they may crown the Exilarch and proclaim the restored Israelite Commonwealth and the arrival of the Messianic age.
 
I'm reminded of the Fremen of "Dune." The scorned, oppressed Zensunni go into the desert, get hard core tough, and return to conquer!
 
In such a scenario, where would the Khazar Empire fit in if as in the OTL many Khazars converted to Judaism or would they decide to remain followers of Tengrism?

Also if the Khazars do end up becoming Jewish, how will relations fare between it and the 3rd Jewish Commonwealth? Would they war against each other or band together against "wicked Rome"?

My question is based on the assumption that the 3rd Israelite Commonwealth / Jewish "Caliphate" still ends up sharing a border with the Khazar Empire.

Fwiw, if Judaism did take hold in central asia, I see an interesting battle between the 3rd Jewish Commonwealth (or expanded Khazar Empire) and the Manichaean Uyghur Empire taking place, since the latter believes that "Jehovah" is the evil-creator-god/devil or prince of darkness.
 
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Fwiw, if Judaism did take hold in central asia, I see an interesting battle between the 3rd Jewish Commonwealth (or expanded Khazar Empire) and the Manichaean Uyghur Empire taking place, since the latter believes that "Jehovah" is the evil-creator-god/devil or prince of darkness.

Good grief! We'd have an actual version of the Christian-Antichristian conflicts in EoD!
 
In such a scenario, where would the Khazar Empire fit in if as in the OTL many Khazars converted to Judaism or would they decide to remain followers of Tengrism?

Also if the Khazars do end up becoming Jewish, how will relations fare between it and the 3rd Jewish Commonwealth? Would they war against each other or band together against "wicked Rome"?

My question is based on the assumption that the 3rd Israelite Commonwealth / Jewish "Caliphate" still ends up sharing a border with the Khazar Empire.

Fwiw, if Judaism did take hold in central asia, I see an interesting battle between the 3rd Jewish Commonwealth (or expanded Khazar Empire) and the Manichaean Uyghur Empire taking place, since the latter believes that "Jehovah" is the evil-creator-god/devil or prince of darkness.

If Khazaria adopted Judaism to play the Byzantines off from the Caliphate, as is generally believed, then adopting Judaism does not serve its purpose ITTL. Instead, it would be like the Rus adopting Orthodoxy: a way to gain a great-power sponsor.
 
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