Despite my reservations as to the exaggerated behavior of the Mormon rebellions, I think it is plausible that Browning would have made weapons that were custom made for Mormons and not given it to the U.S.A. This means that the arsenal of U.S. guns in TL-191 during both Great Wars would have looked even more different.
Photos from Featherston's Confederacy/ TL-191
- Thread starter Alternatehistoryguy47
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Despite my reservations as to the exaggerated behavior of the Mormon rebellions, I think it is plausible that Browning would have made weapons that were custom made for Mormons and not given it to the U.S.A. This means that the arsenal of U.S. guns in TL-191 during both Great Wars would have looked even more different.
Free Blacks of the Confederacy
*Since no one wanted to answer the questions I asked about Free Blacks in the CSA, I decided to write my own head canon ideas.
Photograph of a family of Free Blacks in Confederate Louisiana
This photograph is the cover photo of a netbranch (website) dedicated to researching African-American history in Louisiana.
Before the War of Secession, there was a sizable population of Blacks who had obtained their freedom from slavery or were born free living in both the Northern and Southern States. Most of this community was located in what would eventually become the Confederacy. During the 20 year existence of slavery in the CSA, there was a question of what to do with those Blacks who were not enslaved. Their existence was a hated contradiction from the point of view of White Confederates. Although the question of slavery was undisputed within the Confederate Constitution (until 1882), the fate of Free Blacks in the CSA was ultimately decided by the individual states. Exhaustive research has revealed that in some states, Free Blacks were often re-enslaved, if not outright massacred. Those that escaped becoming slaves or murdered often fled to either the Indian Territory of Sequoyah or to the United States. Some Native Americans were sympathetic to the plight of Black Confederates and allowed them to live among their communities, while others turned them over to Confederate authorities in violation of an "Indian-only" homeland between the natives and the Confederate government. The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 was still active until near the end of President Lincoln's term and many were given back to the CSA. Even when the act was abolished, Black refugees trying to escape the CSA would often be shot, captured, and returned to their point of origin with the help of U.S. authorities. There were some exceptions, however. Abolitionists (Black and White) and those that sympathized with Black slaves would often help them by giving them shelter and helping them obtain U.S. citizenship. This secret network of transporting slaves toward freedom was called the Underground Railroad and would be active until the 1880's, although some resemblance of the activity continued on during and after every war the U.S. and Confederacy fought against each other.
Surprisingly, it was discovered that in some counties and some states in the Confederacy, the Free Black community was left alone, albeit tightly regulated by local laws. Even after slavery was abolished in the CSA and still lacked full citizenship rights, Blacks who were descended from these free communities were able to obtain wealth, high status and even surnames, even though Whites resented it and would sometimes initiate race riots to destroy Black Prosperity. The state that offered the most positive opportunities for Blacks was Cuba. Despite existing official laws that enforced segregation and limited choices for Blacks, they were often not enforced. One of the most well-known communities of well-to-do Blacks in the C.S. mainland existed in Louisiana, especially in New Orleans.
When Featherston achieved the presidency, Governor of Louisiana Huey Long heavily resisted against the Freedomite government. Regardless of his original intentions, Long was helpful toward the Black community and tried to prevent their deportation to the camps. Unfortunately, once Long was assassinated by Featherston's Confederacy, Black Confederates of all types were in danger of being used as prison labor and/or massacred without protection. One of the darkest events during the early years of Featherston's Confederacy's history was the complete destruction of cities and neighborhoods that contained Blacks who were citizens or descended from Free Black families. Despite never experiencing direct warfare in the Deep South, states such as Lousiana, Mississippi, and Alabama saw a titanic and destructive struggle between the Freedomites and Blacks who fought back to prevent themselves from being murdered. A famous anti-war movie, titled Watch and Learn, was made in 1985 from a biracial film director Enoch Clemens which portrayed the suffering of a community of Black Confederates descended from Free Blacks during the first term of Featherton's presidency. The film was largely based on Clemens' own experiences as a survivor from the Freedomites when they destroyed his home and shot his entire family. Despite being labeled a SGW film, the setting technically takes place years before the start of Operation Blackbeard.
Photograph of St. Augustine Church in New Orleans, ca. early 20th Century
Established in 1841 by Free Blacks, the church was the oldest African American Catholic church established in the United States. By the late 1930's, Featherston had already developed an anti-Catholic prejudice and during a roundup of Blacks in New Orleans, he ordered the church to be filled with as much Blacks and their allies as possible. Since the church was made of stone and could not be burned down, explosives were attached to it and it was demolished, killing everyone inside. A similar scene in reference to this event appeared in the movie Watch and Learn.
Sources:
1) https://lib.lsu.edu/sites/all/files/sc/fpoc/history.html
2) https://64parishes.org/entry/free-people-of-color
3) https://courses.lumenlearning.com/s...an-americans-in-the-antebellum-united-states/
4) https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/african-american-odyssey/free-blacks-in-the-antebellum-period.html
5) https://www.amazon.com/North-Carolinas-People-Color-1715-1885/dp/080717176X
6) https://www.villagevoice.com/2019/12/04/escape-from-blackness-once-upon-a-time-in-creole-america/
7) https://africandiasporaphd.com/2017/09/07/digital-free-people-of-color-in-louisiana/
8) https://web.archive.org/web/20160828205601/http://www.lemuseedefpc.com/footsteps/
9) https://news.blogs.lib.lsu.edu/2015/04/15/free_people_of_color_louisiana/
10) https://books.google.com/books?id=mxCKaX-SUJMC&pg=PA215&lpg=PA215&dq=dr+henry+lewis+bailey+black+harvard&source=bl&ots=BXJ1LBbxTE&sig=ACfU3U3bP_lFjrv9jPWvjFUXC20t1N3DGg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjgl8mB_J_qAhUKHc0KHbsEDlgQ6AEwAXoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q=dr henry lewis bailey black harvard&f=false
11) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Augustine_Church_(New_Orleans)
12) https://nolahistoryguy.com/2018/08/st-augustine-catholic-church-in-the-treme-podcast/
13) Watch and Learn is a reference to the real-life movie Come and See
*Since no one wanted to answer the questions I asked about Free Blacks in the CSA, I decided to write my own head canon ideas.
Photograph of a family of Free Blacks in Confederate Louisiana
This photograph is the cover photo of a netbranch (website) dedicated to researching African-American history in Louisiana.
Before the War of Secession, there was a sizable population of Blacks who had obtained their freedom from slavery or were born free living in both the Northern and Southern States. Most of this community was located in what would eventually become the Confederacy. During the 20 year existence of slavery in the CSA, there was a question of what to do with those Blacks who were not enslaved. Their existence was a hated contradiction from the point of view of White Confederates. Although the question of slavery was undisputed within the Confederate Constitution (until 1882), the fate of Free Blacks in the CSA was ultimately decided by the individual states. Exhaustive research has revealed that in some states, Free Blacks were often re-enslaved, if not outright massacred. Those that escaped becoming slaves or murdered often fled to either the Indian Territory of Sequoyah or to the United States. Some Native Americans were sympathetic to the plight of Black Confederates and allowed them to live among their communities, while others turned them over to Confederate authorities in violation of an "Indian-only" homeland between the natives and the Confederate government. The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 was still active until near the end of President Lincoln's term and many were given back to the CSA. Even when the act was abolished, Black refugees trying to escape the CSA would often be shot, captured, and returned to their point of origin with the help of U.S. authorities. There were some exceptions, however. Abolitionists (Black and White) and those that sympathized with Black slaves would often help them by giving them shelter and helping them obtain U.S. citizenship. This secret network of transporting slaves toward freedom was called the Underground Railroad and would be active until the 1880's, although some resemblance of the activity continued on during and after every war the U.S. and Confederacy fought against each other.
Surprisingly, it was discovered that in some counties and some states in the Confederacy, the Free Black community was left alone, albeit tightly regulated by local laws. Even after slavery was abolished in the CSA and still lacked full citizenship rights, Blacks who were descended from these free communities were able to obtain wealth, high status and even surnames, even though Whites resented it and would sometimes initiate race riots to destroy Black Prosperity. The state that offered the most positive opportunities for Blacks was Cuba. Despite existing official laws that enforced segregation and limited choices for Blacks, they were often not enforced. One of the most well-known communities of well-to-do Blacks in the C.S. mainland existed in Louisiana, especially in New Orleans.
When Featherston achieved the presidency, Governor of Louisiana Huey Long heavily resisted against the Freedomite government. Regardless of his original intentions, Long was helpful toward the Black community and tried to prevent their deportation to the camps. Unfortunately, once Long was assassinated by Featherston's Confederacy, Black Confederates of all types were in danger of being used as prison labor and/or massacred without protection. One of the darkest events during the early years of Featherston's Confederacy's history was the complete destruction of cities and neighborhoods that contained Blacks who were citizens or descended from Free Black families. Despite never experiencing direct warfare in the Deep South, states such as Lousiana, Mississippi, and Alabama saw a titanic and destructive struggle between the Freedomites and Blacks who fought back to prevent themselves from being murdered. A famous anti-war movie, titled Watch and Learn, was made in 1985 from a biracial film director Enoch Clemens which portrayed the suffering of a community of Black Confederates descended from Free Blacks during the first term of Featherton's presidency. The film was largely based on Clemens' own experiences as a survivor from the Freedomites when they destroyed his home and shot his entire family. Despite being labeled a SGW film, the setting technically takes place years before the start of Operation Blackbeard.
Photograph of St. Augustine Church in New Orleans, ca. early 20th Century
Established in 1841 by Free Blacks, the church was the oldest African American Catholic church established in the United States. By the late 1930's, Featherston had already developed an anti-Catholic prejudice and during a roundup of Blacks in New Orleans, he ordered the church to be filled with as much Blacks and their allies as possible. Since the church was made of stone and could not be burned down, explosives were attached to it and it was demolished, killing everyone inside. A similar scene in reference to this event appeared in the movie Watch and Learn.
Sources:
1) https://lib.lsu.edu/sites/all/files/sc/fpoc/history.html
2) https://64parishes.org/entry/free-people-of-color
3) https://courses.lumenlearning.com/s...an-americans-in-the-antebellum-united-states/
4) https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/african-american-odyssey/free-blacks-in-the-antebellum-period.html
5) https://www.amazon.com/North-Carolinas-People-Color-1715-1885/dp/080717176X
6) https://www.villagevoice.com/2019/12/04/escape-from-blackness-once-upon-a-time-in-creole-america/
7) https://africandiasporaphd.com/2017/09/07/digital-free-people-of-color-in-louisiana/
8) https://web.archive.org/web/20160828205601/http://www.lemuseedefpc.com/footsteps/
9) https://news.blogs.lib.lsu.edu/2015/04/15/free_people_of_color_louisiana/
10) https://books.google.com/books?id=mxCKaX-SUJMC&pg=PA215&lpg=PA215&dq=dr+henry+lewis+bailey+black+harvard&source=bl&ots=BXJ1LBbxTE&sig=ACfU3U3bP_lFjrv9jPWvjFUXC20t1N3DGg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjgl8mB_J_qAhUKHc0KHbsEDlgQ6AEwAXoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q=dr henry lewis bailey black harvard&f=false
11) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Augustine_Church_(New_Orleans)
12) https://nolahistoryguy.com/2018/08/st-augustine-catholic-church-in-the-treme-podcast/
13) Watch and Learn is a reference to the real-life movie Come and See
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Browning guns are stated to be in use by the USA during both Great Wars. so if nothing else the USA is using his guns. They distinctly mention the 1911 and the BAR at different points in the books.Well maybe it isn't our OTL Browning but a close relative who shared his talent for gun making.
My mental Featherston is Christoff Waltz, personally.
Except for a few scenes, I can't see Christoff Waltz pulling off being that evil. I could actually see Leonardo DiCaprio pulling it off though, or maybe a young Jack Nicholson.
Yeah I think that was lazy writing on Turtledove's part but one could also make the argument that the 1911 mentioned in the books is just a pistol that was adopted in 1911 and not necessarily the Browning designed 45 handgun of OTL and the "B" in BAR could stand for Burns Automatic Rifle, you know the Famous Burns "Excellent Firearms Company" of Springfield?
OK just having a laugh there but a lot of things mentioned in TL-191 shouldn't be there.
(you say this even as the reference photo shows Waltz in an SS uniform as Hans Landa, one of the best movie Villains of the last 10 years
) Honestly, i can't really see Leo as Featherston: he's decribed as thin and a bit gaunt in the books, and even as an adult Leo is pretty round-faced. I could see Nicholson pulling off Clarence Potter, though.
Haha don't worry I could never forget Inglourious Basterds.(you say this even as the reference photo shows Waltz in an SS uniform as Hans Landa, one of the best movie Villains of the last 10 years
Honestly, i can't really see Leo as Featherston: he's decribed as thin and a bit gaunt in the books, and even as an adult Leo is pretty round-faced. I could see Nicholson pulling off Clarence Potter, though.
I just thought of featherston as guy who looks like he's always on edge, ready to snap.
But I haven't read any of the 191 books since I finished the last nearly thirteen years ago.
Falling Thunder - Photos from the Midway Campaign - 1941-1943
^^^ --- December 7th 1941. USS Remembrance in flames, shortly before the order to abandon ship is given. Photo taken from the starboard deck of destroyer USS Hollat. With Midway coming under sudden attack by a Japanese naval task force since December 5th, Remembrance and her task force set sail in support of the beleaguered defenders. The loss of Remembrance, along with several other ships, would ensure Midway's fall by December 10th.
^^^ --- December 7th, 1941. Photo taken by US fighter from USS Remembrance. Light-cruiser Ikuta sinking after torpedo planes from Remembrance strike her starboard side. Despite achieving a decisive victory at Midway, the Japanese Imperial Navy would loose one of its carriers, with damage to another. Though initiative had swung in favor of the Japanese, it would be sometime before it could recuperate its losses.
^^^ --- Contemporary painting of the Japanese night-time landing on Midway, December 9-10, 1941. Japanese forces met stiff resistance from the US garrison despite several days of constant bombardment. With the loss of one carrier and damage to another, fire support for the Japanese troops was provided in greater force from the accompanying ships of the fleet. Over 5,000 Japanese troops were amassed for the invasion, pitted against a significantly smaller and battered US garrison.
^^^ --- April, 1942. Photo taken of the IJN cargo ship Fujikawa Maru from the periscope of the submarine USS Sculpin shortly before its sinking, northwest of Midway. Between the period of Midway's capture in 1941 and its recapture by US forces in 1943, the Midway Campaign is popularly remembered by many Americans as a "quiet front" where little in the way of action occurred. Scholars and veterans, however, routinely debunk this assumption. Between 1941 and and 1943, the waters from Midway to the Sandwich Islands played host prowling submarines and patrolling destroyers, with forces from the Imperial Japanese Navy, the United States Navy, and even the Kaiserliche Marine engaging in submarine warfare.
^^^ --- June, 1942. Photo from a Japanese fighter based out of Midway flying over German submarine U-884 after making a strafing run. A forgotten aspect of the Midway Campaign was the presence of "Taifun Gruppe", a small detachment of Kaiserliche Marine U-Boats that supported US naval operations around the Sandwich Islands and Midway. With Kaiser-Wilhelmsland and the Bismarck Archipelago in German New Guinea overrun by a combined Australian-British-Japanese offensive, remnants of the East Asia Squadron escaped east across the vast pacific, to German Samoa and even South America. The U-Boats that found refuge in the Sandwich Islands lent their support to US efforts at Midway for the duration of the campaign. They undertook war patrols intended to scout for enemy vessels and prey on Japanese shipping.
^^^ --- July, 1942. Photo of the Turbot-class submarine USS Garrupa at anchor in Pearl Harbor. Attached to a task group of submarines, she would play a major role in sinking Japanese supply vessels and warships bound for Midway as part of the US strategy to take back the island. The US "Silent Service", along with the German "Taifun Gruppe", would exact a steep toll on Japanese ships in the campaign, helping to whittle away their strength. However, casualties among the US and German submarine service in this campaign were comparatively high as well. Garrupa was sunk by Japanese destroyer Nishikaze in January 1943.
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"LAYMAN STONE" - W.S. Stone, Secretary of Labor, March 10 1924
Warren Stanford Stone (b.1860) came from a poor farming background in Iowa. After an academic education, he became a locomotive engineer. When the Second Mexican War broke out in 1881, he volunteered with the 15th Iowa Infantry Regiment but hostilities ended before he was deployed. Previously a Republican, "Blaine's Folly" turned Stone against the party. He became a union leader, eventually rising to head of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers. Though a moderate when it came to relations with management, Stone drifted left politically and eventually joined the Socialist Party in 1910.
Despite his leanings, Stone worked closely with the Roosevelt government during the First Great War. He proved himself a capable administrator, helping to oversee the wartime rail system and ensure the cooperation of the workers. He was a chief member of the National Railroad Commission for the duration of the war. Stone resigned shortly after, being elected head of the American Federation of Labor in 1918, cementing the organisation's ties with the Socialists. He campaigned across the Midwest for Upton Sinclair during the 1920 presidential election. He was rewarded with the position of Secretary of Labor in the first Socialist Administration in 1921.
Stone would hold the position for four years. He oversaw increases to pensions and unemployment benefits, instituted workplace safety legislation and created federal standards to combat oppressive labour laws still present in many states. An experienced negotiator, he also relied on an intimidating physical presence to get his way. Fear of being cornered by the Secretary and his deathly stare was widespread in the halls of power. Stone had been known to leave men shaking, on the verge of tears, without even raising his voice. This dreaded experience was lampooned in The Philadelphia Inquirer as the "Stone Cold Stunner".
Despite some notable achievements, Stone found his plans frustrated by Powel House on multiple occasions. A proponent of Glenn Plumb's theories of "labor capitalism", the Secretary advocated tripartite control of industries, first and foremost rail. He also pushed for the creation of cooperative banks, a national credit union and federal minimum wage. On these matters he was rebuffed again and again, with Sinclair frustratingly sympathetic in private, only to demure to a conservative Cabinet. Despite being far from a Marxist himself, he developed an antagonistic relationship with colleagues like Hiram Johnson, who he felt spouted socialist rhetoric but balked at implementing it. Meanwhile Johnson and others felt Stone was overreaching his brief and trying to dictate policy.
After achieving a second term, Sinclair gave more time to Stone's proposals and began organising a possible reform of the railways along tripartite lines. The plans proved highly controversial to those on both the right and traditional left. Moderates ensured the legislation was delayed and watered down. It would lead, ironically, to the reestablishment of the National Railroad Commission in 1926 as a federal administration to oversee private rail companies, with little direct control; no element of worker control was implemented. By this point Stone had already gone. In June 1925 the United Mine Workers, one of the most powerful unions in the country, balloted overwhelmingly for nationalisation of the industry and institution of the "Plumb Plan". Johnson and his allies attacked Stone, believing he was inciting the unions for his own advancement. In the atmosphere Sinclair felt he could not entertain the UMW demands and the Secretary resigned in disgust.
He penned the "Stone Memorandum", outlining his disappointment with the Administration and proposing a major 'socialisation' of the economy, while retaining the free market. He died in 1928 a controversial figure. His ideas ultimately proved too mild for the growing left-wing of the Socialist Party and too radical for the government. He is remembered for his welfare reforms and establishing the Secretary of Labor as a powerful position in Cabinet. The Stone Memorandum has become a popular topic for allohistorians as a possible solution to the woes of the Blackford Administration during the Great Depression.
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The White King of Haiti (1926-1943)
During the First Great War, the Confederacy invaded Haiti and occupied it in order to prevent the United States from gaining a foothold in the Caribbean. Eventually, the U.S. Marines would kick the Confederates out of Haiti and restore order in the Black republic at the end of the war. Some U.S. soldiers and marines stayed in Haiti under orders of the military to help strengthen and train Haiti's military. One marine, named Faustin E. Wirkus, would become entangled into the history of Haiti and the Second Great War.
Born in 1896 in Pittston, Pennsylvannia, Wirkus was a U.S. soldier who fought against the Confederates in the Caribbean Sea when he was stationed in Haiti. After the First Great War, he met a local woman who claimed she was a member of Haiti's former Imperial family. Named Timemenne of La Gonâve, she was able to convince him to become the next ruler of Haiti and was formally coronated as King Faustin II in a Voodoo ritual and became Queen Timemenne as his consort. The "Imperial couple" moved to Gonâve Island and ruled the entire island and its few inhabitants.
The situation was initially considered an embarrassment to the U.S. military and Wirkus was almost ordered to return back home by the Sinclair Administration, but he was allowed to stay when the President of Haiti told U.S. authorities that he had no problem with him being "King" acting as a minor celebrity and wanted to have some American military presence in Haiti. When the Second Great War began in North America, Haiti was invaded by the Confederacy and began to indiscriminately decimate the entire population. By that time, Wirkus had already trained a private army of Haitian soldiers to retaliate against the Confederates and tried to transport as many civilians and political members of Haiti as he could to the small island. Initially, the Confederates paid no attention to the island and primarily focused on the capital and the rest of the western part of Hispaniola. When word reached that Gonâve Island contained an increasing population of Blacks, orders were given to invade the island and wipe out all the inhabitants. Wirkus and his army were able to fight back against the Confederates using guerilla warfare. At the end of the Second Great War, the inhabitants of the island were able to avoid having the Confederates control the island, but at a great cost of many individuals dying to save their own lives and their own people. When the U.S. Navy, Army, and Marines took control of Haiti and landed on Gonâve Island, they discovered a battle-hardened and hungry group of Haitians and their Confederate Prisoners of War (at least those that were still barely alive). The U.S. military were told that their leader, "King" Faustian II, was killed during battle. He had hoped that the U.S. would eventually help them kick the Confederates out of Haiti and rescue them. The people of Gonâve Island were eventually saved by the United States, but Wirkus would not live to see the people he has grown to admire survive the war.
Once considered a light-hearted joke in the United States and a bizarre event in the relationship between the U.S. and Haiti, Wirkus became a hero in the United States and Haiti for his actions to save the Haitian people from annihilation. Gonâve Island was renamed Faustin Island in memory of Wirkus and the story of a White-U.S.-soldier-becoming-Haiti's-unofficial-King would eventually become an interesting footnote in the History of the Second Great War.
Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faustin_E._Wirkus
https://www.wearethemighty.com/history/faustin-wirkus-ii-voodoo-king?rebelltitem=1#rebelltitem1
During the First Great War, the Confederacy invaded Haiti and occupied it in order to prevent the United States from gaining a foothold in the Caribbean. Eventually, the U.S. Marines would kick the Confederates out of Haiti and restore order in the Black republic at the end of the war. Some U.S. soldiers and marines stayed in Haiti under orders of the military to help strengthen and train Haiti's military. One marine, named Faustin E. Wirkus, would become entangled into the history of Haiti and the Second Great War.
Born in 1896 in Pittston, Pennsylvannia, Wirkus was a U.S. soldier who fought against the Confederates in the Caribbean Sea when he was stationed in Haiti. After the First Great War, he met a local woman who claimed she was a member of Haiti's former Imperial family. Named Timemenne of La Gonâve, she was able to convince him to become the next ruler of Haiti and was formally coronated as King Faustin II in a Voodoo ritual and became Queen Timemenne as his consort. The "Imperial couple" moved to Gonâve Island and ruled the entire island and its few inhabitants.
The situation was initially considered an embarrassment to the U.S. military and Wirkus was almost ordered to return back home by the Sinclair Administration, but he was allowed to stay when the President of Haiti told U.S. authorities that he had no problem with him being "King" acting as a minor celebrity and wanted to have some American military presence in Haiti. When the Second Great War began in North America, Haiti was invaded by the Confederacy and began to indiscriminately decimate the entire population. By that time, Wirkus had already trained a private army of Haitian soldiers to retaliate against the Confederates and tried to transport as many civilians and political members of Haiti as he could to the small island. Initially, the Confederates paid no attention to the island and primarily focused on the capital and the rest of the western part of Hispaniola. When word reached that Gonâve Island contained an increasing population of Blacks, orders were given to invade the island and wipe out all the inhabitants. Wirkus and his army were able to fight back against the Confederates using guerilla warfare. At the end of the Second Great War, the inhabitants of the island were able to avoid having the Confederates control the island, but at a great cost of many individuals dying to save their own lives and their own people. When the U.S. Navy, Army, and Marines took control of Haiti and landed on Gonâve Island, they discovered a battle-hardened and hungry group of Haitians and their Confederate Prisoners of War (at least those that were still barely alive). The U.S. military were told that their leader, "King" Faustian II, was killed during battle. He had hoped that the U.S. would eventually help them kick the Confederates out of Haiti and rescue them. The people of Gonâve Island were eventually saved by the United States, but Wirkus would not live to see the people he has grown to admire survive the war.
Once considered a light-hearted joke in the United States and a bizarre event in the relationship between the U.S. and Haiti, Wirkus became a hero in the United States and Haiti for his actions to save the Haitian people from annihilation. Gonâve Island was renamed Faustin Island in memory of Wirkus and the story of a White-U.S.-soldier-becoming-Haiti's-unofficial-King would eventually become an interesting footnote in the History of the Second Great War.
Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faustin_E._Wirkus
https://www.wearethemighty.com/history/faustin-wirkus-ii-voodoo-king?rebelltitem=1#rebelltitem1
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Freedom Party Guards troops retreating into Mississippi, 1944, (Colorized)
One of the last holdouts of the former CSA came to be known as the "Mississippi Redoubt" wherein several divisions of Freedom party Guardsmen, retaining a small element of Barrels and even a few aircraft, holed up in the backwoods of the state, a bastion of Freedomite sentiments post-war. Many of these men had been "Population Reduction" Camp guards and had no illusions as to what the Yankees would do to them if caught. Knowing open battle was a suicide mission, the FPG's served as guerillas, sabotaging Union occupation efforts and terrorizing collaborators and the returning black population.
It took the US military, with support from Black militias who knew the area well, Almost two years to root out the holdouts, with the campaign culminating in the Battle at Ellicot's Hill. The FPG's, with their backs against the Mississippi river, fought to the last man, with not a single prisoner from the 9000-strong force that opposed the Union occupation forces.
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South of the Border - Photos from the Baja Campaign - 1943
^^^ --- United States Army soldiers pose for a picture on the outskirts of Cabo San Lucas, 1943. Two are armed with captured Confederate sub-machine guns of an unidentified model. Given in small quantities to Mexican troops in an attempt to boost squad firepower, they were still prized weapons even among Yankee soldiers.
^^^ --- Imperial Mexican soldiers man an artillery piece as they prepare to defend Cabo San Lucas, 1943. With some of the best divisions in Mexico annihilated in the Battle of Pittsburgh, most men tasked with defending the homeland were considered of inferior quality. Despite this, Mexican soldiers stubbornly held their own in the deserts of Baja, motivated to fight for their own homeland and with terrain that greatly favored the defense.
^^^ --- US artillery and mountain guns in action in the Baja Desert, 1943. If taken, Cabo San Lucas would be the first step in closing off the Confederate port city of Guaymas, thus boxing in the remnants Confederate Pacific Fleet. Fighting was unexpectedly bitter in the deserts of the dry peninsula and Mexican troops, backed by small contingents of the Confederate Army and Freedom Party, made the United States' progress in the campaign that much more difficult.
I actually have Christoph Waltz in my headcanon as a Sauerkraut Western film director turned into TL-191's version of Quentin Tarantino... sort of.My mental Featherston is Christoff Waltz, personally.
I can see a younger Leo playing the role of Reggie Bartlett.
A painting of Imperial Russian soldiers loading a Katyusha Rocket Launcher during the Second Battle of Kiev, circa 1943. During the Second Great War, the Katyusha artillery system was one of the more formidable weapons in Russia's arsenal, which Russians troops nicknamed the weapon as the "Tsar's Organ."
John C Wood practices his craft before he hangs Confederate war criminals in Texas. While some, like Pinkard, died quickly under Wood's watch, some, such as Saul Goldman, were strangled to death because the gallows were insufficient in their height to break the condemned's necks.
Of his deeds, he would later say
and
Canadian Troops in Exile
Three Canadian soldiers from the 2nd Free Canadian Corps aka the Canadian Liberation Army on the bank of the Nass River. Note the man in the center is wearing the earlier P37 Battledress Uniform that was supplied from Britain whereas the others flanking him are wearing the later Gymnastroika that was provided by the Russians. The 2nd Free Canadian Corps was first formed in late November of 1941 in Alaska, which the unit was originally made up largely of Canadian Expats living in Alaska, but later during the American Columbia campaign would have locals join up, making it the largest of the major Canadian forces during the SGW.
A Canadian soldier from the 1st Free Canadian Corps during the Battle of Liege, circa 1943. The 1st Canadian Corps was formed up in Britain in July of 1941 and was commanded by General Guy Simonds. The Corps would fight on the Western Front against the Germans, notably being involved with the Battles of Emden, Oldenburg, Onsabruck, Aachen, Liege, Namur, Dinant, Sedan and finally the Reims Pockets in 1944 where they fought together with the battered remnants of the French 4th Mechanized "Charlemagne" Division and the British Black Watch until finally surrendering the day after the Superbombing of Paris.
Canadians with the 45th Free Canadian Rifle Regiment in Eastern Texas, circa 1944. The unit was originally the 56th Free Canadian Division, which was first formed sometime in 1941 from the substantial Canadian Expatriates living in the Confederacy. The Unit had fought in the Missouri Front against the Union forces, notably taking part in the Battle of Joplin. By the start of 1944, the division was reduced to the size of a regiment, which has by now been designated as the 45th Free Canadian Rifle Regiment and was also transferred to the Freedom Party Guards at this time. The Regiment first took part in the Battle of Muskogee in Sequoya in February of 1944. The unit would then be redeployed to fight against the Texan Forces when they revolted. The unit's last action was the Battle of Waco in June of 1944 where they fought against the Union 17th Airborne Division and a local Texan Militia. The Regiment would be wiped out with a small of number of the men being taken prisoner.
Three Canadian soldiers from the 2nd Free Canadian Corps aka the Canadian Liberation Army on the bank of the Nass River. Note the man in the center is wearing the earlier P37 Battledress Uniform that was supplied from Britain whereas the others flanking him are wearing the later Gymnastroika that was provided by the Russians. The 2nd Free Canadian Corps was first formed in late November of 1941 in Alaska, which the unit was originally made up largely of Canadian Expats living in Alaska, but later during the American Columbia campaign would have locals join up, making it the largest of the major Canadian forces during the SGW.
A Canadian soldier from the 1st Free Canadian Corps during the Battle of Liege, circa 1943. The 1st Canadian Corps was formed up in Britain in July of 1941 and was commanded by General Guy Simonds. The Corps would fight on the Western Front against the Germans, notably being involved with the Battles of Emden, Oldenburg, Onsabruck, Aachen, Liege, Namur, Dinant, Sedan and finally the Reims Pockets in 1944 where they fought together with the battered remnants of the French 4th Mechanized "Charlemagne" Division and the British Black Watch until finally surrendering the day after the Superbombing of Paris.
Canadians with the 45th Free Canadian Rifle Regiment in Eastern Texas, circa 1944. The unit was originally the 56th Free Canadian Division, which was first formed sometime in 1941 from the substantial Canadian Expatriates living in the Confederacy. The Unit had fought in the Missouri Front against the Union forces, notably taking part in the Battle of Joplin. By the start of 1944, the division was reduced to the size of a regiment, which has by now been designated as the 45th Free Canadian Rifle Regiment and was also transferred to the Freedom Party Guards at this time. The Regiment first took part in the Battle of Muskogee in Sequoya in February of 1944. The unit would then be redeployed to fight against the Texan Forces when they revolted. The unit's last action was the Battle of Waco in June of 1944 where they fought against the Union 17th Airborne Division and a local Texan Militia. The Regiment would be wiped out with a small of number of the men being taken prisoner.
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The Forgotten Campaign: The True Story of the Alaskan Front during the SGW Part 8
Union Soldiers of the 14th Infantry Division advancing over the bombed out remains of the wilderness north of Kispiox, circa October of 1942.
During the desperate fighting in what would later become known as the Kitwanga Pocket, the Union would struggle to keep themselves from getting surrounded and cut off from the combined Russo-Canadian forces. By the end of September, it seemed like the Radius Forces in American Columbia have the upper hand as the Union forces, who were already tied up with other fronts against the Mormons, Canadians, and the Confederates, were going to collapse in the region. But little did either side knows, the the tides of the Alaskan Front was about to shift. On October 6th, 1942, the Union Forces would receive new reinforcements in form of four infantry, five mountain, two new light infantry, and a mechanized division with had contained the new M2A2 Custer and M5 Pulaski barrels.
Soldiers from the Union 102nd Light Infantry Division engaging the Canadian Liberation Army during the Battle of Kispiox.
The first move of these new Union forces was to launch a counter-attack against the enemy positions north of Kispiox. On October 15th, 1942, the Union forces with the elements of the 14th and 67th Infantry, 102nd Light Infantry, and 54th Mountain Divisions would launch a large scale attack on the CLA's 2nd Light Division's positions north of Kispiox with artillery and air support. After a few hours, the Union forces would simultaneously launch counter attacks near Kitimat, Gitanyow, and Kuldo. Those attacks would prove to be successful as the Union forces would rout the Radius Forces, forcing them on the defensive. Within a few days, they would lift the pressure from the Kitsult Pocket as they retaken a large area of the Nass River Valley and had also lifted the siege of the Union positions at Kitimat. The Union forces in the Skeena River Valley had managed to drive the Russians back to a position in between Cedarville and Usk.
Union Army soldiers examining knocked out Russian T-46 tanks in the Kitwanacool Valley, circa October 17th, 1942.
Three Russian Shock Troopers with Fedorov Avtomat rifles at a defensive position outside of Terrace.
Two Russian soldiers as POWs with their Yankee Guards near Cedarville. The Russian and Japanese POWs that were taken in the war were treated well by their Yankee Captors, in contrast to captured Canadian Partisans and Soldiers who were often mistreated, or as in many documented cases, were outright executed after either being captured or surrendering by Union soldiers.
Canadian Liberation Army soldiers defending their positions from the Union 9th Mountain Division near Mount Ritchie, circa November 3rd, 1942.
Canadian Liberation Army sniper Anne Shackleton with her scoped SVT-40 during a firefight in the Skeena River Valley. Born to Canadian Expat parents in Alaska in 1920, Shackleton would join the CLA in 1941 as a nurse, but would become a sniper. During the course of the Alaskan Campaign, she would have 97 confirmed kills, making her the top sniper of that front and the 7th highest sniper ace of the SGW.
In the north, the Russian led Radius forces did not fare better, in the Hoodoo and Sitkine River Valleys, the Union forces had managed to drive the Russians out that region after hard fighting. Thus cutting off their forces that were fighting at Telegraph Creek, which that Russian force fought ferociously against numerically superior Union forces until eventually surrendering on January 3rd, 1943. Their commander, General Lev Dovator, who famously defended the Mitkof Islands a little a year previously, was killed on December 30th, 1942. In the Taku River Valley, the Japanese forces would be forced out of that valley following a disastrous battle with the Union 10th Mountain Division. Between that battle and the lifting of the siege of Kitimat, they would spell the end of the Japanese Land Expeditionary Forces in the Alaskan Front.
Union Soldiers of the 14th Infantry Division advancing over the bombed out remains of the wilderness north of Kispiox, circa October of 1942.
During the desperate fighting in what would later become known as the Kitwanga Pocket, the Union would struggle to keep themselves from getting surrounded and cut off from the combined Russo-Canadian forces. By the end of September, it seemed like the Radius Forces in American Columbia have the upper hand as the Union forces, who were already tied up with other fronts against the Mormons, Canadians, and the Confederates, were going to collapse in the region. But little did either side knows, the the tides of the Alaskan Front was about to shift. On October 6th, 1942, the Union Forces would receive new reinforcements in form of four infantry, five mountain, two new light infantry, and a mechanized division with had contained the new M2A2 Custer and M5 Pulaski barrels.
Soldiers from the Union 102nd Light Infantry Division engaging the Canadian Liberation Army during the Battle of Kispiox.
The first move of these new Union forces was to launch a counter-attack against the enemy positions north of Kispiox. On October 15th, 1942, the Union forces with the elements of the 14th and 67th Infantry, 102nd Light Infantry, and 54th Mountain Divisions would launch a large scale attack on the CLA's 2nd Light Division's positions north of Kispiox with artillery and air support. After a few hours, the Union forces would simultaneously launch counter attacks near Kitimat, Gitanyow, and Kuldo. Those attacks would prove to be successful as the Union forces would rout the Radius Forces, forcing them on the defensive. Within a few days, they would lift the pressure from the Kitsult Pocket as they retaken a large area of the Nass River Valley and had also lifted the siege of the Union positions at Kitimat. The Union forces in the Skeena River Valley had managed to drive the Russians back to a position in between Cedarville and Usk.
Union Army soldiers examining knocked out Russian T-46 tanks in the Kitwanacool Valley, circa October 17th, 1942.
Three Russian Shock Troopers with Fedorov Avtomat rifles at a defensive position outside of Terrace.
Two Russian soldiers as POWs with their Yankee Guards near Cedarville. The Russian and Japanese POWs that were taken in the war were treated well by their Yankee Captors, in contrast to captured Canadian Partisans and Soldiers who were often mistreated, or as in many documented cases, were outright executed after either being captured or surrendering by Union soldiers.
Canadian Liberation Army soldiers defending their positions from the Union 9th Mountain Division near Mount Ritchie, circa November 3rd, 1942.
Canadian Liberation Army sniper Anne Shackleton with her scoped SVT-40 during a firefight in the Skeena River Valley. Born to Canadian Expat parents in Alaska in 1920, Shackleton would join the CLA in 1941 as a nurse, but would become a sniper. During the course of the Alaskan Campaign, she would have 97 confirmed kills, making her the top sniper of that front and the 7th highest sniper ace of the SGW.
In the north, the Russian led Radius forces did not fare better, in the Hoodoo and Sitkine River Valleys, the Union forces had managed to drive the Russians out that region after hard fighting. Thus cutting off their forces that were fighting at Telegraph Creek, which that Russian force fought ferociously against numerically superior Union forces until eventually surrendering on January 3rd, 1943. Their commander, General Lev Dovator, who famously defended the Mitkof Islands a little a year previously, was killed on December 30th, 1942. In the Taku River Valley, the Japanese forces would be forced out of that valley following a disastrous battle with the Union 10th Mountain Division. Between that battle and the lifting of the siege of Kitimat, they would spell the end of the Japanese Land Expeditionary Forces in the Alaskan Front.
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