Photos from Featherston's Confederacy/ TL-191

I know barely anything about Star Trek.

In OTL, did Nichelle Nichols face opposition due to her race?
She did, to the point she considered leaving after the first season of the show. She was reportedly fed up with racist harassment, limitation by the studio, and learning that studio executives were withholding her fan mail. She even went so far as submitting her resignation and planned to return to theater acting until Dr Martin Luther King asked her to stay because "she was a role model for millions of young girls and women – the only African-American on TV in a role worth having".

There's also the famous kiss between her and William Shatner in Plato's Stepchildren, where executives were so worried that an interracial kiss would offend Southern affiliates to the point they'd refuse to air the episode, and requested versions of the scene be filmed with and without the kiss. Nichols and Shatner, unhappy about this, repeatedly sabotaged the non-kiss takes so that the studio had no choice but to use the kiss versions in the episode.
 
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U.S. Black soldier somewhere in Virginia during FGW
After the beginning of the Black Confederate Rebellion during the First Great War in 1915, President Roosevelt authorized the enlistment of African-American soldiers (and other non-Whites) in the U.S. Army, albeit in a segregated fashion and, sometimes, limited amount of usefulness. Many volunteers came from the only states that had a significant minority of Blacks: Missouri, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, and later U.S.-occupied Kentucky. While Roosevelt was against socialist principles, he nevertheless recognized the useful potential of supporting the rebellion to weaken the Confederacy and to give what little Black Americans remained in the USA a "square deal" to fight against the nation's enemies.

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Image from Puck Magazine, which features President Roosevelt supporting the (segregated) inclusion of Union Blacks into the U.S. Army
Although not modeled on his likeness, the African-American man was based on Cincinnatus Driver, a future SGW veteran who briefly met President Roosevelt in Kentucky during the FGW.
 
Another TL-191 Photo Compilation
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A column of German Panzer IV barrels advancing during a large barrel battle known as the Battle of Kropyvnytski, which has occurred in August of 1943. The Battle was a clash between the Imperial German, KuK Austrian and Joint Armies and the Imperial Russian Army which all had a total of 5,870 barrels involved (the Central Powers had 3,170 barrels while the Russian had 2,700.) The CP forces would ultimately win the battle due to their superior numbers of barrels and aircraft and firepower, which had spelled a major death blow to the Imperial Russian Army in the Ukraine west of the Dnieper River.
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German Forces battling against Russian forces in the Western Ukraine, circa 1941.
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Soldiers from the 2nd Croatian Division of the KuK Joint Army in Southern Ukraine, circa 1943. (Note that they are using German made weapons.)
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A Union M3A4 Pulaski Recon Tank in Arkansas, circa 1944.
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Confederate Soldiers retreating across the Cumberland River, circa 1943.
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Union Soldiers fighting in the outskirts of Richmond, circa 1944.
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A German Soldier with his StG-44 in Eastern Belgium, circa 1943/1944.
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British soldiers during the Battle of Maastricht, circa 1943.
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British soldiers retreating out of the German city of Cologne, circa 1943.
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British Soldiers assaulting a German position during the Radius Counter-Offensive in the Netherlands, circa 1943.
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A British Cruiser Tank Mk. V passing by a knocked out Ottoman Panzer IV in Palestine, circa 1942.
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A Union M3 Pulaski Light Barrel during the Union drive into Confederate Sonora, circa 1944.
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Australian Soldiers during the Battle of Jericho, circa 1942. The two month long battle would prove to be a decisive one for the Ottomans as they crush the British offensive lead by General Wavell. Afterwards, both the Central Powers and the British, Commonwealth, and Pro-British Arab forces would be engaged in a war of attrition throughout Palestine before being pushed out in June of 1943.​
 
German soldiers of the 5th Gebirgs (Mountain) Division taking positions near Trondheim, Norway to contest the expected Entente offensive. The 5th would aide the Norwegian Army in holding Trondheim against the Entente for 3 months before being relieved by the German 7th Infantry Division. The 5th would suffer nearly 60% casualties but would earn the undying respect of Norwegians. Reports of the 5th's prowess would reach the Kaiser himself, who dubbed them "Arctic Steel"; a name the division still carries to this day.

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The Man with an Iron Heart - The True Story of Richard Paulson

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A photograph of Group Leader Richard Paulson in Richmond, circa 1940.

Richard Tristan Edward Paulson was born on March 7, 1903 in Richmond and was raised in a cultured, musical environment. His father was a rather talented and well known opera singer and his mother was pianist. As such, a young Richard would have rigorous training on the violin, thus gaining skill and a lifelong passion for the instrument. He would grow up in a elegant and conservative home with his family enjoying an elevated social status. However at school, Richard would be heavily picked on by schoolyard bullies for being a Catholic in a mostly Protestant Confederacy and also for his high pitched voice. At school, Richard would take in serious interest in both academics and in sports, which he excelled greatly in both and would even become an award winning fencer.
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Richard Paulson with his younger brother named Henry.

Prior to the First Great War and the Negro Rebellions, the Paulson Family (especially Richard), all had sympathetic view for the African-Confederate community. However it all changed when their servant named Agamemnon would proclaim himself a part of the revolution and would take part in a clash with local authorities (which one of the casualties in this was one of Richard's few friends named Gerald Hammond.) This would give Richard a less sympathetic view for the Blacks of the Confederacy. Following the defeat of the Confederacy in the First Great War, Paulson much like millions of his fellow countrymen, would feel that their country has been let down by the Confederate Aristocracy. In 1919, Paulson would join the Radical Liberal Party and at the same time for join an orchestral band that played in all of the CSA's major cities which played classical music. It was in this band is where he met a fellow violinist named Elsie Claythorne and throughout the late 1920s would developed a close sexual relation with her, and in 1928, would be married to her.
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A wedding photo of Richard and Elsie Paulson, circa 1928.
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Richard reading the Radical Liberal's weekly publication at his Richmond Home, circa 1927.

With the 1929 Stock Crash and the subsequent Depression which had took the Confederate Economy Down, the Paulsons would lose their jobs. In 1930 his wife, Elsie, whom was a Freedom Party Member, had convinced her husband, Richard, to join the Freedom Party. Shortly after joining, Paulson would then join Featherston's Personal Bodyguard which was known as the Freedom Party Guards. During an interview with Ferdinand Koenig, he (Koenig) would pose Paulson a task to form the organization's future security organization. Impressed by his willingness to take on tough challenges, good looks, and his self confidence, Koenig gave Paulson the job. Following Featherson's victory in the 1933 Elections and his Inauguration, the Freedom Party Guards would form the Security Department, which took up the job of both weeding out Socialists, Whigs, and Trade Unionists from the CSA, but also develop a vast intelligence network which was to "Help Rid the Confederacy of Potential Enemies." From there, the Party's own Secret Police organization known as the Bureau of Internal Security would hunt down those "enemies" and deal with them. In 1934, Paulson with the help of Koenig and the Freedom Party Guards would open the first Concentration which was known as Camp La Pasta in Chihuahua, which had interned the various Political Dissidents of the CSA. In 1937, Paulson would obtain information via his Security Department about the Dictatorial Governor Huey Long and had suggested to President Featherston, "I must say Mr. President, that this cesspool of socialism in Louisiana should and must be stamped out of this Confederacy." In the planning stages of the invasion, Paulson would provide the strength and were-abouts of the Longist Militia and Louisiana State Police, thus simplifying the Freedomite Invasion. The Security Department under Paulson would also warn Featherston about the plans by Willy Knight for a coup against him, which Featherston and Freedom Party Guards would use to clamp down on Knight's Stalwarts.
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Elsie and Richard Paulson with their children Carol and Maximilian, circa 1938. Richard Paulson would have a total of 5 children with Elise, they would be Maximilian Francis (1936-1995), Carol Marie (1937-), Robert Paul (1939-1964), Edward William (1939-2002), and Margret Mavis (1941-2009).

Aside from the meddling by the Security Department inside the CSA, Paulson's organization would also play a big role in getting both Houston and Kentucky back into the CSA from the Union by swinging public opinion within those states into supporting rejoining the Confederacy. Paulson and Security Department would also plot and execute a false flag operation codenamed Operation Featherston which involved Freedom Party Guardsmen disguised as Union soldiers attacking a Confederate Army outpost and a radio station along the frontier with Ohio and Kentucky to serve an excuse for the Confederates to Invade the United States. Richard Paulson would play a major role with the planning and execution of the Population Reduction of the African-Confederate Population by arranging and establishing Camp Determination as the Main Death Camp and as well as appointing Jefferson Plinkard as Camp Commander of Determination. Paulson would also play an instrumental role in creating a vast transportation network to Determination and as well as establishing smaller camps to serve as transit camps to the main Death Camp. Paulson would also create the so-called "Kill Groups," which were Freedom Party Guards units that were go and round Blacks from the Ghettos and either load them onto trains or to march them out to mass graves and kill them.
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A Freedom Party Guards Kill Squad executing a Black Family near Abilene Texas, circa 1941.
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Richard Paulson wearing a Greatcoat photographed leaving the Greyhouse, circa Winter of 1941.

In December of 1941, Ferdinand Koenig and Jake Featherston had decided to assign Richard Paulson to be the Military Governor of the Occupied Territory of Ohio for the purpose of in the words of the Snake.
"To Keep those damned Yankees in Ohio in line while we are in Control over there.."
During his time there, Paulson had proved to be a ruthless ruler over the Ohioan People, which included detaining and sending the small African-Yankee Population to their deaths at Camp Determination, establishing a Concentration Camp named after him which was house captured Partisans, Socialists, and others that the Confederate Authority deemed troublesome, so much so, the locals had nicknamed him "The Butcher of Dayton" as well as the less commonly used, "Richard the Terrible." His rule would be cut short when on May 27th, 1942, some Union Commandos launched an assassination attempt on him which ended up with a Commando named Jan Kubis throwing a bomb onto his car which severely wounded him and killed his driver. Days later, Richard Paulson at the age of 39 would die from his wounds that he sustained. Shortly after, the local Confederate forces launched a merciless manhunt for his killers which resulted in two Ohio town being razed to the ground and the assailants and the Partisans who sheltered them killed in a fierce firefight. Paulson would be taken back to Richmond and given a state funeral and was buried there, which his grave was forgotten after the war until being rediscovered by construction workers in Richmond in 2018.
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Paulson's Schofield S-810 Coupe in which he rode in at the time of the attack on, circa 2019. This car would later be restored by a Massachusetts millionaire and car collector who would then donate it to the National Great Wars Museum and Institute in 1999.
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The recently rediscovered grave of Richard Paulson, circa 2018.
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I have based the bio of Richard Paulson off of Reinhard Heydrich, and here's and earlier post of mine about Paulson.​
 
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PNWKing

Banned
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A picture of Indiana-born military leader Pete Buttigieg. He is a top leader in the military and is based out of his hometown of South Bend, IN. He is also openly gay, the first such military leader in the USA.
 
Funeral of Cassius Madison (1928-2020)
-Born during the Confederacy's existence, Cassius was the son of Confederate residents Scipio "Xerxes" and Bathsheba. The youngest sibling of Confederate resident Antoinette, Cassius Madison's entire family was murdered by Featherston's Confederacy at Camp Determination. He was responsible for the killing of Jacob Featherston during his escape from Richmond at the age of 16. Taking on the surname of Madison, Cassius became an instant celebrity and came into contact with former First Lady Flora Blackford, with whom he formed a lasting friendship and received financial and educational support from her. During the 50's and 60's, Madison became heavily involved with the U.S. government, eventually working and becoming the "head hunter" for the agency whose original task was to find members of the CFP who escaped from the former Confederacy. He was married to a Northern Black in the U.S. and had many children, including one son who would become president of the USA, Hector Madison.

When news of his death reached the world, every African nation, Jamaica, and Haiti, lowered their flags half-mast in honor of him. Germany, England, and France all lowered their flags, too. Other leaders from around the world gave statements of condolences. Madison was given a state funeral and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery.

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Hearse of Cassius Madison passing through a group of mourners on the way to Washington, D.C.

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Cassius Madison's coffin in the Capitol Building

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Rose Blackford, great-granddaughter of Flora Blackford, praying over the coffin of Cassius Madison
 
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Funeral of Cassius Madison (1930-2020)
-Born during the Confederacy's existence, Cassius was the son of Confederate residents Scipio "Xerxes" and Bathsheba. The youngest sibling of Confederate resident Antoinette, Cassius Madison's entire family was murdered by Featherston's Confederacy at Camp Determination. He was responsible for the killing of Jacob Featherston during his escape from Richmond at the age of 14. Taking on the surname of Madison, Cassius became an instant celebrity and came into contact with former First Lady Flora Blackford, whom he formed a lasting friendship and received financial and educational support from her. During the 50's and 60's, Madison became heavily involved with the U.S. government, eventually working and becoming the "head hunter" for the agency whose original task was to find members of the CFP who escaped from the former Confederacy. He was married to a Northern Black in the U.S. and had one son, future president Hector Madison.

When news of his death reached the world, every African nation, and Haiti, lowered their flags half-mast in honor of him. Germany, England, and France all lowered their flags, too. Other leaders from around the world gave statements of condolences. Madison was given a state funeral and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery.

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Hearse of Cassius Madison passing through a group of mourners on the way to Washington, D.C.

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Cassius Madison's coffin in the Capitol Building

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Rose Blackford, great-granddaughter of Flora Blackford, praying over the coffin of Cassius Madison
Great Work on this post
 
Has anyone given thought to money of the North American states in TL-191? I thought the pre-independence 10 centavos coin from the Philippines would make an excellent example of what to expect from a TL-191 U.S. coin:

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THE MARTYRS OF TL-191
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The body of druggist, former soldier, and Whig activist Reginald Bartlett lying dead in Richmond, c. 1925. Bartlett would later be remembered after the SGW for his constant efforts to stop the rise of the early Freedom Party.
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Soldier and two time Medal of Honor recipient Captain Gordon McSweeney lying dead in a shell hole. His body was repositioned for this picture in order to mask his grievous belly wounds suffered in the bombardment that ended his life. Arkansas, c. 1917.
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Canadian terrorist Mary MacGregor moments before she was executed by firing squad after being discovered with bombmaking materials in her Manitoba farm. She would be martyred and her death was a major spark of the 1943 Canadian uprising. c. 1943.
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The body of camp commandant and war criminal Brigade Leader Jefferson Pinkard after being hanged in the Houston War Crimes Trial in 1945. Pinkard was responsible for devising many of the devious methods through which African Americans were murdered in the camps, including the gas trucks and Cyclone gas chambers. c. 1945.
 
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Oscar Green (1921-2018), Left: Before his death, Right: During his service in SGW
-A former member of the Confederate Freedom Guard from Featherston's Confederacy, Oscar Green was arrested at the end of the Second Great War in North America in 1944. Initially tried for crimes against humanity, Green was able to avoid the death penalty when it was discovered that he successfully saved hundreds of pages of important documentation at Camp Determination instead of burning them. He was sentenced to house arrest for several decades until it was rescinded when U.S. authorities decided that he was too old to harm anyone.

During one of his interviews, he remarked the scene which made him doubt his commitment to the FG during a scheduled killing on his first day:

"After everyone was let out of the railcar, some of us would go inside to double check to see if there were a few hiding or dead. I heard a small cry. It was a baby crying. The child was lying on the corner, wrapped in rags. A mother had left it behind, perhaps because she knew that women with infants were sent to the gas chambers immediately. I grabbed the baby and asked my superior what to do with it. The commanding officer said, "Make that alligator-bait go to sleep!" I tried to calm the baby by shushing and singing to it. The officer didn't like what he saw and grabbed the baby by the legs. He smashed the baby's head against the iron side of the railcar until it was silent. He told me that's what he meant and that I should throw the body away into a trash can... I saw everything. The gas chambers, the cremations, the selection process. Millions of Blacks were murdered at Camp Determination... I was there."

Real-life inspiration: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oskar_Gröning
 
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Oscar Green (1921-2018), Left: Before his death, Right: During his service in SGW
-A former member of the Confederate Freedom Guard from Featherston's Confederacy, Oscar Green was arrested at the end of the Second Great War in North America in 1944. Initially tried for crimes against humanity, Green was able to avoid the death penalty when it was discovered that he successfully saved hundreds of pages of important documentation at Camp Determination instead of burning them. He was sentenced to house arrest for several decades until it was rescinded when U.S. authorities decided that he was too old to harm anyone.

During one of his interviews, he remarked the scene which made him doubt his commitment to the FG during a scheduled killing on his first day:

"After everyone was let out of the railcar, some of us would go inside to double check to see if there were a few hiding or dead. I heard a small cry. It was a baby crying. The child was lying on the corner, wrapped in rags. A mother had left it behind, perhaps because she knew that women with infants were sent to the gas chambers immediately. I grabbed the baby and asked my superior what to do with it. The commanding officer said, "Make that alligator-bait go to sleep!" I tried to calm the baby by shushing and singing to it. The officer didn't like what he saw and grabbed the baby by the legs. He smashed the baby's head against the iron side of the railcar until it was silent. He told me that's what he meant and that I should throw the body away into a trash can... I saw everything. The gas chambers, the cremations, the selection process. Millions of Blacks were murdered at Camp Determination... I was there."

Real-life inspiration: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oskar_Gröning
Nice little addition to the scale of the Story of the Reduction
 
For some Aviation related photos of TL-191
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A Curtiss Wright Model 75 Hawk of the Finnish Air Force preparing to take off for a sortie against Russian forces in the Karelia, circa 1943.
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A Curtiss P-24 Hawk of the USAF at an improvised runway at Roosevelt Aerodrome outside of Detroit, circa February of 1942. The CW P-24 Hawk (aka the Model 75) would be the Union Air Force's most numerous fighter at the outbreak of war making up for 44% of the Union Fighter Force. It was also widely exported before the war as well, it's foreign users would notably be Finland, the Ottoman Empire, Quebec, China, Persia, Ethiopia, Norway, the Netherlands, Brazil, Peru, Costa Rica, Haiti, and even was licensed produced by the Lohner Werke company in Austria-Hungary as the LW. 75.
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A photo of Major Jack "Happy Jack" Ifrey, he was the CSA's highest top scoring ace during the SGW with a total of 147 air victories, the highest in both the Confederate Air Force and of the American Front and third highest Radius Ace. He is photographed here in an A44 Raptor at a Featherston Airbase in North Carolina, circa 1944. After the war and after being released he would go on to be an officer in the Texan Air Defense Force from 1949 to his retirement in 1972.
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Richard "Dick" Bong with his Medal of Honor following the Second Great War, circa 1944. Bong would be the highest scoring Union ace of the SGW with a total of 114 Air Victories. Following the war, Bong would go on to be an officer in the USAF until his death in an accident on August 6th, 1955 during takeoff.
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A still from a Hound Dog gun camera of a Union Air Force A20 Havoc attacker being shot down over Arkansas, circa 1944.
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A low flying Razorback Bomber photographed during an air raid on Detroit, circa 1942.​
 
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U.S. Major General William G. Haan posing in Toronto, Occupied Canada circa 1919. He is best known for commanding the U.S. thrust into western Canada during the First Great War. Although he advocated a strong offensive into the western part of Canada to cut of the Pacific ports, he was vastly undermanned and under resourced to do anything more than hold the Canadian troops in place. That changed when Major Irving Morrell reported to General Haan's headquarters in the Fall of 1916. Morrell, advocating a war of maneuver despite lack of numbers, quickly gained the confidence and trust of General Haan. The general would back and resource, to the best of his ability, Morrell's efforts to take Banff and Kicking Horse Pass in the Canadian Rockies. These successful actions would achieve Haan's intent of cutting off the Canadian Pacific ports from the rest of the country.

General Haan would go onto to write a letter of recommendation to U.S. Army Chief of Staff Leonard Wood on the stellar performance of Morrell's actions. As a result, Morrell would end up being transferred to the U.S. First Army in Tennessee. Before departing, Haan would tell Morrell the following: "Irv, get down there and kick the South's teeth in. But be wary of General Custer. The man couldn't piss two feet from the bucket without someone holding his dick."

While Morrell would go onto to accomplish great fame for his part in the Barrel Roll Offensive, General Haan would spend the remainder of his career as the military governor of western Canada. He would retire from the army in 1922. disillusioned at the cuts to the U.S. Army, and would die two years later in 1924.

Morrell would pay tribute to General Haan in his memoirs by writing: "General Haan did less with more. Most importantly, however, he instilled in me the principle of leting stellar subordinates do their jobs with minimal interference."

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In previous posts from my earlier days, I've often brought up some questions about certain events that happened in OTL, but may or may not have happened in TL-191 (ex. Santo Domingo attempted annexation, the fate of British and French colonies in the Caribbean, whether or not Paraguay still exists and how big it is, etc.). I remember how no one decided to talk about them, so I decided to either let the issue go or write my own version of what could have happened.

However, I think there is an important historical question that is briefly mentioned in the books, but is never extrapolated.
No, I'm not talking about an non-Communist Russian Empire existing beyond 1917.
I'm also not talking about the Kingdom of Italy being neutral in both great wars.

Dr. Turtledove has decreed that the Second Spanish Republic won in TL-191. All right, so the opposite happened compared to OTL. Not including the Hispano-Japanese War, a Spanish Republican victory should have caused large consequences in European and Spanish history, and yet we don't find out about them, besides the assumption that Spain is neutral(?) during SGW. I remember reading an article (forgot the name) about how the writer, despite denouncing Franco's abuses of power, admitted that a Republican victory in Spain would have eventually/maybe lead to a Communist government. Depending on your interpretation, Franco winning was the lesser of two evils.

After reading it, I thought about some head-canon ideas that add more detail to Spain. Sadly, I know very little about the history of Spain and I don't think I would be able to write a decent story about Spain in TL-191. Someone else familiar with real-life Spanish history should do it. That being said, perhaps I could make some suggestions:
  • It's implied that Communism never occurred anywhere in TL-191 after failing to be born in Russia. Why not make Spain as the first Communist state in Europe, but with the distinction that it never becomes an existential or political threat?
  • IF Spain decides not to be neutral in SGW, what would be their contributions to the war and on what side?
  • OR... you could just do a radical re-imagining of Spain being ruled over by Franco/Sanjurjo and have its history be more or less the same as it was in OTL.
Any thoughts?


*Earlier links that I was talking about:
https://www.alternatehistory.com/fo...00-1914-1917-1939.450877/page-7#post-18715174

https://www.alternatehistory.com/forum/threads/tl-191-filling-the-gaps.148857/page-144#post-17217339
 
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In previous posts from my earlier days, I've often brought up some questions about certain events that happened in OTL, but may or may not have happened in TL-191 (ex. Santo Domingo attempted annexation, the fate of British and French colonies in the Caribbean, whether or not Paraguay still exists and how big it is, etc.). I remember how no one decided to talk about them, so I decided to either let the issue go or write my own version of what could have happened.

However, I think there is an important historical question that is briefly mentioned in the books, but is never extrapolated.
No, I'm not talking about an non-Communist Russian Empire existing beyond 1917.
I'm also not talking about the Kingdom of Italy being neutral in both great wars.

Dr. Turtledove has decreed that the Second Spanish Republic won in TL-191. All right, so the opposite happened compared to OTL. Not including the Hispano-Japanese War, a Spanish Republican victory should have caused large consequences in European and Spanish history, and yet we don't find out about them, besides the assumption that Spain is neutral(?) during SGW. I remember reading an article (forgot the name) about how the writer, despite denouncing Franco's abuses of power, admitted that a Republican victory in Spain would have eventually/maybe lead to a Communist government. Depending on your interpretation, Franco winning was the lesser of two evils.

After reading it, I thought about some head-canon ideas that add more detail to Spain. Sadly, I know very little about the history of Spain and I don't think I would be able to write a decent story about Spain in TL-191. Someone else familiar with real-life Spanish history should do it. That being said, perhaps I could make some suggestions:
  • It's implied that Communism never occurred anywhere in TL-191 after failing to be born in Russia. Why not make Spain as the first Communist state in Europe, but with the distinction that it never becomes an existential or political threat?
  • IF Spain decides not to be neutral in SGW, what would be their contributions to the war and on what side?
  • OR... you could just do a radical re-imagining of Spain being ruled over by Franco/Sanjurjo and have its history be more or less the same as it was in OTL.
Any thoughts?


*Earlier links that I was talking about:
https://www.alternatehistory.com/fo...00-1914-1917-1939.450877/page-7#post-18715174

https://www.alternatehistory.com/forum/threads/tl-191-filling-the-gaps.148857/page-144#post-17217339
That could make sense. Although it might be Kinder Gentler Communism TM considering Socialism is the American Variety, and the Republicans probably won because the US supported them
 
In previous posts from my earlier days, I've often brought up some questions about certain events that happened in OTL, but may or may not have happened in TL-191 (ex. Santo Domingo attempted annexation, the fate of British and French colonies in the Caribbean, whether or not Paraguay still exists and how big it is, etc.). I remember how no one decided to talk about them, so I decided to either let the issue go or write my own version of what could have happened.

However, I think there is an important historical question that is briefly mentioned in the books, but is never extrapolated.
No, I'm not talking about an non-Communist Russian Empire existing beyond 1917.
I'm also not talking about the Kingdom of Italy being neutral in both great wars.

Dr. Turtledove has decreed that the Second Spanish Republic won in TL-191. All right, so the opposite happened compared to OTL. Not including the Hispano-Japanese War, a Spanish Republican victory should have caused large consequences in European and Spanish history, and yet we don't find out about them, besides the assumption that Spain is neutral(?) during SGW. I remember reading an article (forgot the name) about how the writer, despite denouncing Franco's abuses of power, admitted that a Republican victory in Spain would have eventually/maybe lead to a Communist government. Depending on your interpretation, Franco winning was the lesser of two evils.

After reading it, I thought about some head-canon ideas that add more detail to Spain. Sadly, I know very little about the history of Spain and I don't think I would be able to write a decent story about Spain in TL-191. Someone else familiar with real-life Spanish history should do it. That being said, perhaps I could make some suggestions:
  • It's implied that Communism never occurred anywhere in TL-191 after failing to be born in Russia. Why not make Spain as the first Communist state in Europe, but with the distinction that it never becomes an existential or political threat?
  • IF Spain decides not to be neutral in SGW, what would be their contributions to the war and on what side?
  • OR... you could just do a radical re-imagining of Spain being ruled over by Franco/Sanjurjo and have its history be more or less the same as it was in OTL.
Any thoughts?


*Earlier links that I was talking about:
https://www.alternatehistory.com/fo...00-1914-1917-1939.450877/page-7#post-18715174

https://www.alternatehistory.com/forum/threads/tl-191-filling-the-gaps.148857/page-144#post-17217339

In my headcanon, Franco forces with the support of the British and French wins, and would supply their supporters with small arms and volunteers during the SGW.
 
Since we seem to be doing both USA and CSA photos in this forum...

parathompson%23


US Paratroops of the 101st Airborne Division prepare for their landings on Missionary Ridge and Lookout Mountain in support of Irving Morrell's drive on Chattanooga, Tennessee, August 1943.
While the battle was most noted for the US Para's use of captured CSA Tredegar autoloader rifles, Squad leaders, heavy weapons personnel and Radio men, who would have a bigger load to carry, were equipped with Thompson M1928 Submachine guns.
 
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