Giacomo Matteotti, Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Italy from 1935 to 1942.
A member of the Italian Socialist Party, Matteotti rose to national prominence during the Italian intervention in the Austrian civil war (1921-1925) where he opposed Italy's intervention in the conflict, correctly predicting the conflict would have brought nothing to his country.
While this earned him the scorn of conservative politicians in the Italian parliament and almost caused his expulsion from the socialist party for having condradicted its official position regarding the conflict, his predictions came true at the end of the war when Italy was forced to renounce its ambitions in the region following Germany's ultimatum to Rome to leave the Austrian territories it was occupying or to face the risk of war with Germany.
Following the defeat of the socialists at the elections of 1927, he supported Turati' s attacks against Domenico Fioritto and his candidacy as new secretary of the Italian socialist party.
Becoming one of the main collaborators of the new secretary , Matteotti quickly became a proponent of the "United Front" , a strategy of collaboration with other leftist parties and even members of the political right who supported improving the conditions of the Italian Workers.
Following Turatti's retirement in 1930, he succeded him as secretary of the Socialist Party and, going against the wishes of more intransigent socialists like Benito Mussolini, he offered his support to the government of Pietro Tomasi Della Torretta. However the alliance didn't last long as a result of Tomasi's refusal to support a series of much needed projects for South Italy, resulting in the collapse of the governmente and the start of the new elections.
Winning the elections, Matteotti's government started a series of reforms aimed at improving the economy and infrastructure of South Italy while working to improve Rome's relationship with Vienna and Paris. He was also one of the first head of state to diplomatically recognise the republic of Bahrat following the collapse of British rule in India in 1939
In 1942 however the socialists lost the election to Carlo Schanzer's Liberal Party as a result of the economy crisis caused by the London Crash of 1940. While he managed to keep his position in the Socialist Party he was forced to retire from politics after discovering he he had stomach cancer in 1944.
He died in 1946 and he is generally considered a competent Prime Minister, especially in his native Veneto and Sicily where his no-tollerance policy is usually associated with the eradication of organised crime on the island. He is however a bit more controversial in the Italian territory of Lybia for his refusal to listen to the natives' proposal to extend italian citizienship to them.