Persian invasion during the Peloponnesian War

Could the Achaemenid empire invade Greece after the failed Athenian Expedition in Sicily

How successfully would they be

What would be the impact on Greece
 
They absolutely could, but I don't see why they would want to. Their primary reason to invade Greece in the first place was because they wanted to make the Greeks stop meddling with Ionia, not because there was anything valuable in Greece. By simple continuing to fund the Peloponnesian war as they did IOTL, they achieve all of their objectives in the region.
 
The only way I see them pulling the triger is if Athens is essentially on its way to win a complete victory and that they see an invasion as the only way to prevent it from pretty much making itself the hegemon of all Greece, with Sparta reeling from a defeat whose magnitude would be comparable to Leuctra OTL. A victory by Athens and co at Mantinea would probably be your best.

After that, its all down on the specifics of the situation really. On one hand Persia could do better due to having, theoratically at least, more formidable allies then the first time around but, on the other, if the Kings of Kings tought that its previous rounds with Athens where bad before the birthplace of democracy had managed to make itself the sole superpower of Hellas....

Sparta after such a defeat wouldn't be nearly as much of a potential ally as before and, alongside Thebes and Corinth, they wouldn't be all that more formidable then those greek cities who collaborated with Persia when Xerxès came around the first time. The greeks, for their part, would start with the Ionian cities firmly on their side and I'd expect most of what had made Athens unpopular in many quarters by this point to be forgotten, at least temporarely, as most greek states neutral in the Peloponesian War, and even quite possibly some who would have still been clinging to the the Anti-Athenian side, would rally to what would be ITTL the only credible candidate to lead a coalition.

So basically, the greeks divisions wouldn't really be worst then the first time around in this scenario while they would have more ressources to fight the war. Granted, Greece would be more war-weary then during Xerxès invasion but considering it essentially kept going with general conflicts until Philip II of Macedon won at Chaeronea in OTL I doubt it would be that much of an hindrance.

When the dust settle ods are you will have a pretty solid Athenian wank on your hands.
 
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