Nuclear test sites for Alternate Great Powers?

In OTL, the early (pre-1970) Nuclear Powers had pieces of flat empty (by the standards of the Great Power) land they controlled and could do Nuclear testing in. US:New Mexico/Nevada, UK: Central Australia, France: Algeria, USSR (A bounty of choices) and the PRC (Xingjiang (sp?) in NW China)

However, we've had a number of Alternate Great Powers that would have had considerably more difficulty.

In a Central Powers victory, while German and AH would have had access to more of Europe, I'm not sure anywhere East of the Urals that they control would have been as good as Nevada or Australia (*maybe Karelia, but even that's much more populated than the places iOTL. And I have *no* confidence that in a CP victory work either a) that the Ottomans remain a tight enough ally to do Nuclear development work there, or b) that testing in the Saudi desert would be that great as well.

In the case of China, if you had shown a 19th Century Chinaman a China without Tibet or Xingjiang (make the border in the west run from the northern tip of OTL Burma to the southern tip of OTL Mongolia), they would still expect the remaining China to be a World Power, and probably wouldn't feel revanchist about not having them. Where does *that* power test nukes, Manchuria???

I have similar feelings toward a South Asian world Power or for that matter a late 19th/early 20th century Brazil wank...

While Ocean based testing (see Bikini) is possible, doing the *initial* test there seems difficult.
 
for germany there is the obvious choice of south-west africa (Namibia)

furthermore in a central powers victory Morocco would have ended up in german hands most likely
 
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In the case of China, if you had shown a 19th Century Chinaman a China without Tibet or Xingjiang (make the border in the west run from the northern tip of OTL Burma to the southern tip of OTL Mongolia), they would still expect the remaining China to be a World Power, and probably wouldn't feel revanchist about not having them. Where does *that* power test nukes, Manchuria???
Inner Mongolia?

I have similar feelings toward a South Asian world Power or for that matter a late 19th/early 20th century Brazil wank...
There's always the Thar Desert...both India and Pakistan have completed a number of nuclear tests, so there's nothing particularly barring the way for South Asians. Brazil has a fair amount of sparsely populated country, too, and may or may not care about the environmental impact of any testing that they do.

While Ocean based testing (see Bikini) is possible, doing the *initial* test there seems difficult.
Of course you need an island for that. Nothing hard about it, particularly, but all of the powers had sites that were more convenient to them than Pacific islands (there aren't really any suitable Atlantic islands), and logistics matters. In the case of, say, a Japan that doesn't get sucked into the Second Sino-Japanese War or World War II and goes nuclear a few decades later, the Pacific islands are likely to be their test site of choice.

You can also always do underground tests, too, the way North Korea has. That's more likely for Germany or Austria-Hungary, drilling a deep shaft somewhere a bit out of the way and blasting it to bits. Hardly foolproof, and certainly more complicated and difficult than open-air testing, but where there's a will there's a way...
 
Alternative German Test site could in north sea or in Baltic Sea, tug a Ship with Nuke out and BOOOM.

the R&D center can be inside German Empire, the bomb move by train to Military harbor like Emden, install in Ship and tug out to sea.
the detonation is monitor by other ships and aircraft near by.

also can bomb installed on Platform in North sea like Wadden Sea or Dogger Bank
 
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