http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kargil_War
I am floored by the ramifications of this conflict, which appears to have come perilously close to a nuclear exchange, despite the marginal value over the contested region.
In particular, Pakistan's situation in this conflict was desperate--if the conflict escalated into a full scale war, Pakistan would have just six days of Oil. Furthermore, India would have a very good reason to send its forces beyond the "Line of Control"--this would enable them to cut off Pakistani positions without resorting to frontal attacks.
Nor does Pakistan's government seem to have been particularly sane in this situation. Not only did all of Pakistan's allies abroad, including China and the United States refuse to support it, but after launching contradictory statements over the nature of war and humiliating itself, the armed forces seized control of the country.
Given the insanity of Pakistan's government, the logical need for India to cross the Line of Control (which it did not do OTL, and suffered higher casualties as a result) and Pakistan's claim that it would use "any weapon" in its arsenal if the war widened, what happens if the Kargil War results in a tactical nuclear exchange?
India had prepared five missiles for such a situation; Pakistan would have needed to use bombers, but could probably have dropped some.
Does this lead to India and Pakistan being forced into a peace deal by the rest of the world? Does India simply decide that once the nukes start the fly it is time to finish off Pakistan? And is a nuclear war in South Asia likely to butterfly 9-11 or the election of George W. Bush?