Non-Christian Greece and Italy

What if the Greek and Roman people did not convert to Christianity and stuck with their pagan religions? It makes me wonder, what the Eastern Empire Diocletian partitioned would be like, or what would become of the Italian Peninsula after the Fall of Rome (Would their be a Renaissance?). Russia and the other Slavs influenced by Constantinople? Where would the pope reside? Would the feudal kingdoms of Western Europe and Northern Europe patronize the only two foundations of western civilization? Crusades? A lot of questions arise in this scenario.
 
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You need pretty early POD to avoid Christianisation of Roman Empire. Probably emperors during 1st and 2nd centuries should be succesful to destroy Christianity. So early POD would change much things and even Europe would be almost unrecognsible. If Roman Empire still falls, it is hard to say what then happens.
 
Why would Rome and Italy refuse to accept Christianity while *Byzantium (who might or might not change its traditional name) accepts it? A late conversion (5th or 6th century)?
Assuming it is feasible (and I doubt it very much) the breach between the two halves of the Roman empire would be much wider and sharper than IOTL (and incidentally the western provinces would logically follow the Italian example and remain pagan).
It would be quite funny if the evangelization of western Europe would happen because of the Germanic invasions (an Arian Europe confronting a monophysite or Nestorian east maybe?).
The Romanization of the successor states might be slowed down quite a lot.
Alternatively one may choose to believe in Gibbon and his theories on the decline and fall of the Roman empire: a non-Christian empire might last longer and be regenerated.
Who really knows what might have happened?
 
Christianity had not solidified its hold on the Empire until the 390s and while it would probably be impossible to destroy Chistianity after Constatine, it could be reduced in power and influence. Without imperial support, Christianty doesn't spread among the upper classes and doesn't spread to rural areas.

Twenty years under Emperor Julian and there is probably never a Christian Emperor again. It remains an important minority faith for awhile, mostly in the east, and eventually becomes less and less important.
 
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