No, they were already at the very limit of their fuel reserves, one of the reasons why there was no third strike.
Fuel reserves were not an issue for a third wave - the destroyers had been topped up just before the attack and the weather had been unexpectedly good on the way over, allowing even the ships with the range to make the attack unrefuelled to do some refuelling. The tanker train itself had ample fuel reserves, the limitation being the possibility of bad weather. Aircraft availability was also not an issue - Nagumo had 60 dive bombers, 100 Kates and 80 fighters operational for a third wave, (Osamu Tagaya provides these stats in
Aichi 99 Kanbaku units, 1937-1942). The issue appears to be that Nagumo had already decided to withdraw before the attack. Not even intercepts of the Enterprise nearby could alter the decision. Small wonder Fuchida was furious at Nagumo and his staff!
On the return trip KB
did hit the nasty weather it feared for the way out, disrupting refuelling for (I think) six days. Had that happened inbound fuel could have been an issue.
Any attempt to do so, or any attempt to have the destroyers maneuver at combat speeds.
The destroyers were topped up before the attack (to about 600 tons each) at 0630 December 6th. The next refuelling was done from tanker 44 hours later, with Akigumo taking 250 tons to refill. That's hard data - it means the destroyers were burning 6 tons per hour for the high speed operations, or about 144 tons per day.
Had Nagumo remained for a third wave, then that would have been another 6 hours near the target, or about 35 tons of fuel on a destroyer with a capacity of 600 tons. Akigumo had about 350 tons aboard when she refuelled, so in that instance she would have had about 315 tons. There would have been no difference.
But Nagumo's other option was, as I just mentioned, to refuel the destroyers from the capital ships at night. This was not done during the attack because there was no need. But if it had been done, then the destroyers would have stayed topped up and the limiting factor would have become the fuel load of the
capital ships. If Nagumo was returning to Japan I would not think he'd stay more than a couple days in case bad weather was encountered on the way home - he had plenty of fuel in the tanker train, but couldn't access it in bad weather. Instead, his best bet would be to pass west of Hawaii with his tanker train to get south of Oahu. In these waters the stormy North Pacific would not be an issue and he could refuel and come back, similar to what he did in the Indian Ocean Raid.