No Reservations or tribal lands in the United States

What if instead of forcing Native Americans into reservations or relocation the United States just take their land and rights at most. Settlers will still settle the land and even push the natives off theirs sometimes with federal support but the government never forces them to relocate or make treaties with them. They either live in the same place as either citizens(if given or able), non-citizens residents(second class citizens), or drifters/nomads/vagrants/squatters. Maybe they become similar to the Roma or nomads in Europe. Thoughts on this and if or how it could work?
 
If the US government stops treating native tribes as governments capable of conducting treaties and simply as residents of Federal land that would be a start. Then they force them to go through the same process of acquiring land as white settlers which would be extremely difficult or impossible for most Native Americans for a variety of reasons. Natives would have even fewer lands and rights than they do now and could legally be forced out of pretty much everywhere.
 
I think that opening up Indian land for settlement by whites without removing the Indians is a recipe for massive violence. The settlement of the Midwest could see the complete genocide of people’s who survived iotl, like the Sac and Fox.

That said, it won’t always be this way. There will be instances where the Indians integrate, although they are not likely to be treated as equals. Your idea of American Roma is an intriguing one. In order for that to work, the Indians will need to find a niche where they provide desired services to the White communities they travel too. This has sort of happened IOTL with the Mohawk, with many traveling all along the east coast to work in construction.
 
I think that opening up Indian land for settlement by whites without removing the Indians is a recipe for massive violence. The settlement of the Midwest could see the complete genocide of people’s who survived iotl, like the Sac and Fox.

That said, it won’t always be this way. There will be instances where the Indians integrate, although they are not likely to be treated as equals. Your idea of American Roma is an intriguing one. In order for that to work, the Indians will need to find a niche where they provide desired services to the White communities they travel too. This has sort of happened IOTL with the Mohawk, with many traveling all along the east coast to work in construction.
I think only the more aggressive tribes and the ones less willing to assimilate will be wiped out completely. The five civilized tribes and ones east of the Mississippi will probably live settle lives for most part and be very integrated into American culture but be treated as second class but still treated much better then black people. They could end up created a less binary Jim Crow segregation system in the south later on. Something like Hispanic countries had with the cast system. They will probably survive in the south in noticeable numbers especially in Appalachia due to less immigration and raw population while in the north immigration will probably cause them to become nearly unnoticeable. Out west is where I see them possibly becoming like Roma except for New Mexico and Arizona where they can become more like the assimilated and settled Native Americans you see in Mexico. They could drift around as farm laborers in the plains?
 
If the US government stops treating native tribes as governments capable of conducting treaties and simply as residents of Federal land that would be a start. Then they force them to go through the same process of acquiring land as white settlers which would be extremely difficult or impossible for most Native Americans for a variety of reasons. Natives would have even fewer lands and rights than they do now and could legally be forced out of pretty much everywhere.
Would there population be higher? Especially east of the Mississippi where they were heavily assimilated into society?
 
Would there population be higher? Especially east of the Mississippi where they were heavily assimilated into society?

Not likely. If they assimilate into broader American society, than you're likely to see more intermarriage with outside groups, which will disperse the genetics further and further. And, given there's now a motivation and greater oppritunity to identify as "White" both culturally and socially if you can, I expect the population that's "Amerindian" will fade away, though your average person will likely have a larger admixture.
 
Not likely. If they assimilate into broader American society, than you're likely to see more intermarriage with outside groups, which will disperse the genetics further and further. And, given there's now a motivation and greater oppritunity to identify as "White" both culturally and socially if you can, I expect the population that's "Amerindian" will fade away, though your average person will likely have a larger admixture.
But in the American South could this be prevented by lower raw numbers and later Jim Crow? Something similar could also happen out west?
 
I think only the more aggressive tribes and the ones less willing to assimilate will be wiped out completely. The five civilized tribes and ones east of the Mississippi will probably live settle lives for most part and be very integrated into American culture but be treated as second class but still treated much better then black people. They could end up created a less binary Jim Crow segregation system in the south later on. Something like Hispanic countries had with the cast system. They will probably survive in the south in noticeable numbers especially in Appalachia due to less immigration and raw population while in the north immigration will probably cause them to become nearly unnoticeable. Out west is where I see them possibly becoming like Roma except for New Mexico and Arizona where they can become more like the assimilated and settled Native Americans you see in Mexico. They could drift around as farm laborers in the plains?

Not in Appalachia, they were already pushed out of there. What the Five Civilised Tribes had was some nice land in the South. They had elites who had some manner of status (not quite as good as whites, but still respected by white outsiders) and also the poor who resented those elites (who were more of your stereotypical Indian). The elites owned slaves and were often mixed-race, and were prosperous. These people would assimilate into Southern white society, creating some mixed-race people of all classes and no doubt a situation where some would identify as "descended from Indian chiefs" but also as "totally white". If enough Southern elite are descended from American Indians like this (this would take an earlier TL), then we could have a nice addition to a Southern national myth where the "Southron" race is descended from Anglos, Celts, and the surviving "mound builders" (since those who built Cahokia, the Pinson Mounds, etc. are far too advanced to be the same "primitives" their ancestors fought--this pseudohistory was common in 19th century America) who compose the leadership of the Indian race and despite the fall of their civilisation still rule over the "lesser" Indians. Said "lesser" Indians, who would still exist, would be blended with poor whites and perhaps some blacks, and would be largely ignored as long as they remained peaceful.

I don't think they'd much be like the Roma, simply because all Indians had different lifestyles than how the Roma have lived. They were hunters, gatherers, and simple agriculturalists, not quite the lifestyle of the Roma. If their experience with the horse and later Comanche experience with cattle is anything to go by (in addition to Navajo experience with sheep, etc.), they could transition to pastoralism, which in turn breeds some problems. Some Indians were farmers, and some like the Five Civilised Tribes did very well with slavery and plantation agriculture (like Cherokee Stand Watie, CSA general). OTL mixed-race individuals were cowboys, trappers, and other such professions in the West, but by the late 19th century mixed white-Indian people were not treated nearly as well as they were a few decades before then (although they still existed of course, and were treated better than blacks).

In the North and probably Midwest the American Indians will mostly go extinct. They'll blend with locals and be forgotten. You'd have more cases like the modern Pequot, where they get "resurrected" by locals who perhaps have distant ancestry in that group (there's a lot of controversy with them, including issues which no other than Donald Trump himself brought up back in the 90s). On the other hand, if "American Indian" as a racial category is no different than "African American", I can't see the controversies involving gambling rights, etc. coming about.
 
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